A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS – ENGLISH TOPICS FOR ALL Topic 03 ADVERBS By Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – https //violet vn/quocbinh72 Trang 1/7 Chuyên đề 03 ADVERBS TRẠNG TỪ I Kinds (Classific[.]
A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS – ENGLISH TOPICS FOR ALL Topic 03 ADVERBS Chuyên đề 03 ADVERBS - TRẠNG TỪ I Kinds (Classification): phân loại trạng từ Adverbs of manner: trạng từ thể cách dung để cách thức hành động, hoạt động, thường theo sau bổ nghĩa cho động từ thông thường trạng từ thể cách biến đổi phái sinh từ tính từ tương ứng: Adjs + ly = Adv Ví dụ cấu tạo trạng từ thể cách: adjectives adverbs adjectives adverbs amazing amazingly early early beautiful beautifully fast fast brave bravely good well happy happily hard hard quick quickly 10 late late Ví dụ chức trạng từ thể cách: - She sang beautifully He drove dangerously and got a serious accident - Helen was used to getting up early Tom run very fast and won the first place prize - He did well in the examination and got good marks Adverbs of place: Các trạng từ nơi chốn dùng ngữ cố định để tạo thành trạng ngữ nơi chốn Gồm trạng từ nơi chốn như: by/ down/ near/ here/ there/ etc e.g She comes there twice a week Here come the police The mother tried to stop her baby from coming any nearer to the socket Adverbs of time: Các trạng từ thời gian dùng ngữ cố định để tạo thành trạng ngữ thời gian Gồm trạng từ thời gian như: now/ soon/ still/ today/ yet/ etc e.g We are going to Hanoi today He will return soon They are still upstairs We are now living in the age of information technology Adverbs of frequency: Các trạng từ tần suất dùng để số lần xuất vật, việc đơn vị thời gian Gồm trạng từ tần suất như: always/ usually/often/ sometimes/ occasionally/ seldom/ rarely/ never/ once/ twice/ three times/ four times/ etc e.g Linda often goes to school by bus We never eat dog-meat She once became the leader He brushes his teeth twice a week He goes to the church six times a year Adverbs of sentence: Các trạng từ câu dung để mô tả sắc thái lời nói có vị trí linh hoạt câu Các trạng từ câu như: certainly/ definitely/ luckily/ etc e.g He was certainly the liar He finally passed the driving test after three successive attempts Luckily, she passed the exam Mr Peter loved the scenic beauty of the resort totally Adverbs of degree: Các trạng từ mức độ dùng để mô tả mức độ hay tính chất việc Các trạng từ mức độ như: fairly/ hardly/ rather/ quite/ too/ etc e.g He was quite handsome Hardly did we see anything She is fairly tall with bright complexion Mrs Black felt a bit bored with the main character’s performance Adverbs of interrogative: Gồm trạng từ: when/ where/ why/ e.g When did you go? Where is she now? By Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – https://violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 1/7 A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS – ENGLISH TOPICS FOR ALL Topic 03 ADVERBS Why didn’t you put on your best clothes to go to the interview? Adverbs of relative: Gồm trạng từ: when/ where/ why e.g He came when we were watching T.V That’s the park where we first met I don’t know the reason why she didn’t come to your party yesterday Note: Some adverbs share the same form with their corresponding adjectives – Một số trạng từ có hình thức giống hệt với tính từ nguồn gốc với chúng Hay nói khác đi, bảng số tính từ trạng từ có chung hình thức: adjectives adverbs adjectives adverbs adjectives adverbs back back just* just* 17 near* near* direct* direct* 10 late* late* 18 pretty pretty early early 11 left left 19 right* right* enough enough 12 little little 20 short* short* far far 13 long long 21 till till hard* hard* 14 more* more* 22 straight straight high* high* 15 most* most* 23 well well ill ill 16 much* much* 24 wrong* wrong* e.g She is a hard worker She works very hard He didn’t have enough money, and he wasn’t old enough to earn much A near look helps me know what it is He lives near the church My house is far from school so I have to walk far every morning Note: Adverb with “*” above can either have “ly” or not, but differences in meanings e.g She worked hard = She is a hard-working person She could hardly work = She could not or was unable to work II Positions (Functions): Vị trí hay chức số loại trạng từ giới thiệu đây: Adverbs of manner: Trạng từ thể cách có chức bổ nghĩa cho động từ, cách thức hoạt động Trạng từ thể cách có vị trí sau: * Follow verbs – liền sau động từ để bổ nghĩa cho động từ: eg: He danced gracefully She sang marvelously They ran quickly to the bookstore * Before prepositions or follow objects in – Theo sau tân ngữ trước giới từ cấu trúc: S – V – preposition – O eg: He looked at me carefully He looked carefully at me * Follow Subject – Theo sau chủ ngữ như: eg: He suspiciously tasted the soup The inspectors thoroughly examined the dead body * At the beginning or end – Có thể đặt đầu cuối câu như: eg: Carefully he checks the suitcase He checks the suitcase carefully Adverbs of time: Trạng từ thời gian thường só vị trí sau: * At the beginning or end of sentences – Một số trạng từ thời gian đặt đầu cuối câu mà không làm thay đổi tính chất hay nghĩa câu như: afterwards/ eventually/ lately/ now/ recently/ at once/ since then/ till/… eg: He will returns soon = He will soon return = Soon he will return Today we will learn lesson two = We will learn lesson two today Eventually we reach the top of the hill = We eventually reach the top of the hill * Always at the end - Một số trạng từ thời gian đặt cuối câu, thay đổi vị trí chức trạng từ thay đổi, chẳng hạn như: before*/ early/ immediately*/ late (Adverbs with “*” are used as conjunctions when placed at the beginning of sentences – trạng từ có dấu “*” dung liên từ đặt đầu câu) By Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – https://violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 2/7 A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS – ENGLISH TOPICS FOR ALL Topic 03 ADVERBS eg: He went to the church immediately Khác với Immediately, he went to the church * Follow subjects or “V - O” – trạng từ yet/ still/etc theo sau chủ ngữ riêng just đứng tách động từ trợ động từ mang nghĩa như: eg: He still lives in the suburb of the city nhưng: He has just left the house Adverbs of place: Các trạng từ nơi chốn có vị trí câu đây: At the beginning or end – Được đặt đầu cuối câu mà khơng làm thay đổi tính chất nghĩa câu như: away/ everywhere/ nowhere/ somewhere/ here /there/etc eg: Nowhere could we find him = We could find him nowhere English is spoken everywhere.= Everywhere English is spoken Administration – trạng từ dung để định như: here/ there eg: He lives here She hasn’t gone there Adverbs of frequency: Trạng từ tần suất: Flexible positions - thường sau to be, trước động từ thường, tách động từ trợ với động từ mang nghĩa như: always/ continually/ frequently/ often/ once/ twice/ periodically/ repeatedly/ sometimes/ usually/etc eg: She usually walks to school She is often late for school Sometimes he goes out at night He sometimes goes out at night He goes out at night sometimes Restricted (inversion) – Các trạng từ mang nghĩa phủ định đặt đầu câu phải đảo ngữ như: hardly - ever/ never/ rarely/ scarcely ever/ seldom/ etc eg: She will never she eat this kind of food Nhưng Never will she eat this kind of food IV Inversion cases: trường hợp đảo ngữ Trong số trường hợp trạng từ có nghĩa hạn chế (phủ định) khơng đứng vị trí bình thường mà đảo lên đầu câu với dụng ý nhấn mạnh đến hành động chủ thể (chủ ngữ) ta thực hình thức đảo ngữ (đảo động từ trợ lên trước chủ ngữ - câu nghi vấn) gọi câu đảo ngữ cụ thể trình bày đây: Restricted adverbs or phrases: Một số trạng từ ngữ mang nghĩa phủ định phải đảo ngữ đặt đầu câu như: hardly…ever hardly…when neither…nor only by only… when never no sooner…than not till scarcely…when so nowhere on no account in no circumstances only in this way only….then scarcely ever not only seldom Inversion cases: Trong tiếng Anh, đảo ngữ (đảo trật từ từ câu) dùng để nhấn mạnh Một số hình thức đảo ngữ sau: 2.1 Đảo ngữ với NO NOT: No - N - auxiliary - S – V/ Not any - N - auxiliary - S - V e.g: No money shall I lend you from now on Not any money shall I lend you from now on 2.2 Đảo ngữ với trạng từ phủ định: Never, Rarely, Seldom, Little, Hardly ever, Never/ Rarely/ Seldom /Little/ Hardly ever - auxiliary - S - V e.g Never in mid-summer does it snow Hardly ever does he speak in the public Little did I know that he was a compulsive liar 2.3 Đảo ngữ với ONLY Only one Only later Only in this way Only in that way - auxiliary S – V (Chỉ cách này/ kia) * Only in this way – auxiliary – S – V or Only in - adv of time/ place e.g Only in this way could the problem be solved By Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – https://violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 3/7 A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS – ENGLISH TOPICS FOR ALL Topic 03 ADVERBS * Only then – auxiliary – S – V or Only after - N: Chỉ sau làm e.g Only after all guests had gone home could we relax * Only by V-ing/ N: Chỉ cách làm e.g Only by practising English everyday can you speak it fluently * Only when - clause: Chỉ làm e.g Only when her friends told me did I know she had been well-known Only when I understand her did I like her * Only with - N: Chỉ với e.g Only with the bank's loan could he buy the car * Only if - clause e.g Only if you promise to return the book will he lend it to you 2.4 Đảo ngữ với cụm từ có No * At no time: Không e.g The result of the match was never in doubt → At no time/ Never was the result of the match in doubt * On no condition/ On no account + auxiliary+ S+ N: Dù lý khơng e.g On no account must this switch be touched On no account should you be late for the exam * Under/ in no circumstances: Dù hoàn cảnh không e.g Under no circumstances should you lend him the money * For no reason/ In no way: Không e.g In no way could I agree with you * No longer: Khơng cịn e.g The money is not tobe paid under any circumstances → Under no circumsstances is the money tobe paid → On no condition shall we accept their proposal * By no means: Hoàn tồn khơng e.g By no means does he intend to criticize your idea 2.5 No sooner than :(Vừa ) hay Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely when/ before e.g Hardly had I arrived home when the telephone rang (= I had hardly arrived home when the telephone rang.) e.g Scarcely had she finished reading when she fell asleep (= She had scarcely finished reading when she fell asleep.) e.g Barely had they won the match when the coach had a heart attack (= They had barely won the match when the coach had a heart attack.) e.g No sooner had the company launched its new product than it went bankrupt (= The company had no sooner launched its new product than it went bankrupt.) e.g No sooner did they realize that they had made a mistake than the company went bankrupt (= They no sooner realized that they had made a mistake than the company went bankrupt.) 2.6 Đảo ngữ với Not only but also (khơng những…mà cịn… ) Not only + trợ động từ + S +V + but also + S + V… Not only + trợ động từ + S + V but also e.g Not only is he good at English but he also draw very well Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly Not only does he study well, but also he sings well 2.7 Đảo ngữ với So: e.g So - adj/ adv - auxiliary - S - V - that S – V So strange was the situation that I couldn't sleep So difficult is the test that students need three months to prepare So dark is it that I can't write So busy am I that I don't have time to look after myself So difficult was the exam that few students pass it So attractive is she that many boys run after her So intelligent is that she can answer all questions in the interview 2.8 Câu đảo ngữ có chứa “Such” mang cấu trúc sau: Such - be - Danh từ -… By Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – https://violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 4/7 A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS – ENGLISH TOPICS FOR ALL Topic 03 ADVERBS Such is the moment that all greats traverse (Thật thời khắc trở ngại lớn lao) Such is the stuff of dreams (Thật giấc mơ vô nghĩa) Lưu ý: Thường gặp “so great, so much - Noun” ta dùng đảo ngữ với “such” e.g The problem is so great that everybody is concerned of it → Such is the problem that everybody is concerned of it There is so much uncertainty that I will not invest my money → Such is there uncertainty that I will not invest my money e.g 2.9 Đảo ngữ với until/ till: Not until/ till - clause/ adv of time – auxiliary - S - V e.g I won't come home till 10 o'clock → Not until/ till 10 o'clock that I will come home → It is not until 10 o'clock that I will come home I didn't know that I had lost my key till I got home → Not until/ till I got home did I know that I had lost my key 2.10 Đảo ngữ với No where e.g No where – Aux – S -V No where in Vietnam is the cenery as beautiful as that in my country No where I feel as comfortable as I at home No where can you buy the goods as good as those in my country 2.11 Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện a Câu điều kiện loại 1: If clause = should+S+V (Lưu ý: Dùng SHOULD để nói khả xảy chắn hơn) e.g Should she come late she wil miss the train Should he lend me some money I will buy that house b Câu điều kiện loại 2: If clause= Were S +to V/ Were+S (Lưu ý: Dùng WERE TO để nói khả xảy chắn hơn) e.g If I were you I would work harder → Were I you, I would work harder If I knew her I would invite her to the party → Were I to know her, I would invite her to the party c Câu điều kiện loại 3: If clause = Had + S + V3ED e.g If my parents hadn't encouraged me, I would have passed the exam → Had my parents not encouraged me, I would have passed the exam PRACTICE EXERCISE: BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete sentences below 01 John's _ and efficiency at the company led to his promotion to Sales Manager A punctuality B punctual C punctuate D punctually 02 In spite of her abilities, Laura has been _ overlooked for promotion A repeat B repeatedly C repetitive D repetition 03 Many teenagers show signs of anxiety and _ when being asked about their future A depress B depression C depressing D depressed 04 Unfortunately, Tom’s illness turned out to be extremely _ so he was kept in isolation A infectious B infection C infect D infectiously 05 One recent _ in medicine is the development of laser in treating cancer A achieving B achievement C achievable D achieved 06 _, the invention was perfect, but it didn’t sell very well A Technologically B Practically C Politically D Technically 07 In the past, people believed that women’s _ roles were as mothers and wives A nature B natural C naturism D naturalist 08 Some men are concerned with physical _ when they choose a wife A attract B attractive C attractiveness D attractively 09 I love Harry Potter so much because this _ friend has taught me a lot about life A imagination B imaginable C imaginary D imaginative By Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – https://violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 5/7 A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS – ENGLISH TOPICS FOR ALL Topic 03 ADVERBS 10 What _ views Americans and Asians have about love and marriage? A tradition B traditionally C traditionalism D traditional 11 Some people tend to view foreigners with _ A suspect B suspiciously C suspicious D suspicion 12 In case you need any _, don’t hesitate to call for mine A assist B assistant C assisting D assistance 13 Good students aren’t _ intelligent students A necessary B necessity C necessarily D unnecessary 14 My sister is a woman of _ age A marriage B married C marrying D marriageable 15 Jet lag causes problems with our _ clock A biological B biology C biologist D biologically 16 His _ of the generator is very famous A invent B inventive C invention D inventor 17 We're best friends as we have a _ interest in music A passion B passionately C passionless D passionate 18 My aunt used to be a woman of great _, but now she gets old and looks pale A beauty B beautiful C beautifully D beautify 19 The panda’s _ habitat is the bamboo forest A natured B nature C naturally D natural 20 Good students aren't _ intelligent students A necessary B necessity C necessarily D unnecessary 21 Life _ for both men and women has improved greatly in the past 20 years A expectation B unexpectedly C expectancy D expectant 22 Nobody seemed to be interested in the news It was greeted with a lack of _ A enthusiastic B enthusiasm C enthusiastically D enthusiast 23 Although Romeo and Juliet were _ in love, they still managed to kill themselves A deep B deeply C depth D deepen 24 In the primary school, a child is in the _ simple setting A comparison B comparatively C comparable D comparative 25 Her mother told her not to be too _ and advised her to try to things herself A independent B dependence C depending D dependent 26 We haven’t reached the final _ on the funding for scientific research yet A decides B decision C deciding D decisive 27 Many people have objected to the use of animals in _ experiments A scientifically B science C scientist D scientific 28 The children went _ with excitement A wild B wildly C wilderness D wildlife 29 She's an extremely competent and _ worker A industry B industrial C industrious D industrialized 30 The _ of electronic books has changed the way many people read A invent B invention C inventively D inventive 31 My aunt used to be a woman of great _, but now she gets old and looks pale A beauty B beautiful C beautifully D beautify 32 The architects have made _ use of glass and transparent plastic A imaginatively B imagination C imaginative D imagine 33 An only child often creates an _ friend to play with A imaginary B imaginable C imagery D imaginative 34 Even though they had financial difficulties, they were _ married A happiness B happy C happily D unhappy 35 My darling, you looked _ in that dress A beauty B beautify C beautiful D beautifully 36 I like this _ song because it reminds me of my schooldays A beautiful B beautifully C beauty D beautify 37 Mary was very _ when moving the mirror into her room By Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – https://violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 6/7 A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS – ENGLISH TOPICS FOR ALL Topic 03 ADVERBS A care B carefulness C careful D carefully 38 iPhones 12 is the latest _ in the field of smartphone design of Apple A creator B create C creativity D creation 39 Many people have objected to the use of animals in _ experiments A scientifically B science C scientist D scientific 40 It was terrible One passenger was killed, and the other was _ injured A hardly B completely C severely D fiercely _HẾT _ Chú ý: Để chủ động thời gian học tập, làm tập, thi tốt trị có kí kênh: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCr9-RZ7LvDXAAOibSAsC8Mg?view_as=subscriber theo dõi videos giảng thầy Chi tiết liên hệ: binhbac72@gmail.com https://violet.vn/quocbinh72 https://facebook.com/d.q.binh https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCr9-RZ7LvDXAAOibSAsC8Mg tel: +84987827866 By Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – https://violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 7/7 ... the exam → Had my parents not encouraged me, I would have passed the exam PRACTICE EXERCISE: BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete... injured A hardly B completely C severely D fiercely _HẾT _ Chú ý: Để chủ động thời gian học tập, làm tập, thi tốt trị có kí kênh: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCr9-RZ7LvDXAAOibSAsC8Mg?view_as=subscriber