CONTENTS Logic and Language Augustine on Language The Logic of Boethius Abelard as Logician The Thirteenth-Century Logic of Terms Propositions and Syllogisms Aquinas on Thought and Language Analogy and Univocity Modistic Logic Ockham’s Mental Language Truth and Inference in Ockham Walter Burley and John Wyclif Three-Valued Logic at Louvain Knowledge Augustine on Scepticism, Faith, and Knowledge Augustine on Divine Illumination Bonaventure on Illumination Aquinas on Concept-Formation Aquinas on Faith, Knowledge, and Science The Epistemology of Duns Scotus Intuitive and Abstractive Knowledge in Ockham Physics Augustine on Time Philoponus, Critic of Aristotle Natural Philosophy in the Thirteenth Century Actual and Potential InWnity Metaphysics Avicenna on Being, Essence, and Existence Aquinas on Actuality and Potentiality The Metaphysics of Duns Scotus Ockham’s Reductive Programme Wyclif and Determinism Mind and Soul Augustine on the Inner Life viii 115 115 119 123 127 132 136 139 142 143 147 150 153 156 156 159 162 163 166 171 173 176 176 179 180 185 189 189 195 201 207 211 214 214