The-academic-structures-of-Boston-London-and-Paris-a-comparison

The academic structures of Boston, London and Paris: a comparison Report prepared for CNRS CLIENT: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) DATE: October 2016 info@sirisacademic.com - www.sirisacademic.com THE ACADEMIC STRUCTURES OF BOSTON, LONDON AND PARIS: A COMPARISON October 2016 Submitted to: Centre Nationnal de la Recherche Scientifique By SIRIS Academic Av Francesc Cambó, 17 08003 Barcelona Spain Tel +34 93 624 02 28 info@sirisacademic.com www.sirisacademic.com For more information and comments about this report, please contact us at info@sirisacademic.com EXECUTIVE SUMMARY KEY RECOMMENDATIONS LINKS TO THE INTERACTIVE VISUALISATIONS PRESENTED IN THIS REPORT 12 Rankings overview 12 Maps of science 12 Visualisation of ranking’s qualitative vs quantitative criteria 12 Visualisations of ranking’s qualitative criteria vs citation impact 12 Visualisations of scientific production and impact 12 INTRODUCTION 13 PART A FIRST GLANCE: THE SIMILARITIES 18 OVERVIEW 18 CITY RANKINGS 20 HIGHER EDUCATION 21 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 21 PART SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTION, RANKINGS AND RECOGNITION 23 SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTION 23 Specialisation 24 Maps of Science 24 RANKINGS 30 Overview 30 Qualitative vs quantitative criteria 31 Conclusions 36 EFFICIENCY-RELATED CRITERIA 37 PRELIMINARY REMARKS ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF SCIENTIFIC POTENTIAL 42 PART COMPARING THE STRUCTURATION OF THE INSTITUTIONAL LANDSCAPES 43 BOSTON AREA 43 Legal categories and missions 43 Carnegie classification 45 LONDON AREA 46 Legal categories and missions 46 Classification 47 PARIS AREA 49 Legal categories and missions 49 Classification 50 COMPARING BOSTON, LONDON AND PARIS IN TERMS OF INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURATION 50 PRELIMINARY CONCLUSION(S) 56 DO WORLD-CLASS UNIVERSITIES INCREASE SOCIAL STRATIFICATION? 56 DO WORLD-CLASS UNIVERSITIES HAVE A STRONG POSITIVE IMPACT ON THEIR ENVIRONMENT? 59 THE EVOLUTION OF THE PARISIAN LANDSCAPE AND WORLD-CLASS UNIVERSITIES 61 THE CHALLENGES AHEAD 62 BIBLIOGRAPHY (MAIN REFERENCES) 67 APPENDICES 69 APPENDIX A: REMARK ON THE PERIMETER OF THE THREE AREAS 69 APPENDIX B: THE CARNEGIE CLASSIFICATION 69 APPENDIX C: VIKKY BOLIVERS CLUSTERS OF UK UNIVERSITIES BY VARIABLE 71 APPENDIX D: OVERVIEW OF THE MAIN CLASSIFICATIONS 72 APPENDIX E: WEB OF SCIENCE QUERIES USED IN THE REPORT 73 Queries by Area 73 APPENDIX F: DATA PROBLEMS: PARIS-SORBONNE ACCORDING TO WEB OF SCIENCE: 78 APPENDIX G: LIST OF INSTITUTIONS PER AREA 79 Paris 79 London 86 Boston 89 Executive Summary The following report compares the institutional landscape of Paris, London and Boston The first part of the report outlines the deep similarities in terms of overall scientific productivity of the three cities, whilst highlighting one key difference: Paris has no institution as well ranked as Harvard, MIT, Imperial or UCL We argue that this difference is critical for three reasons: - It was used to justify the launch of the Programme Investissements d’avenir and is constantly used to defend ongoing institutional change, both by politicians and by the institutions themselves - A global Matthews effect is enabling leading institutions to attract ever more resources and gain ever more visibility - Increasing competition from countries such as China is predominantly affecting institutions who have nearly but not quite broken into the leading group We are thus at a tipping point, with a small number of elite global institutions pulling away from the rest and a large number of new institutions aspiring to join the elite1 If no French institution is able to join this elite within the next years, they will never be able to The second part of the report compares the scientific production, rankings and recognition of the institutions of the three cities Whatever the criteria, the order of Boston and London institutions remains the same: Harvard, MIT, UCL and Imperial are followed by the rest and the rest are generally a long way behind On the contrary, in Paris the order of institutions varies depending on the criteria being compared: the best ranked are either the four main research universities (Paris Descartes, Paris Diderot, Paris Sud and UPMC), or grandes écoles such as École Normale Supérieure or École Polytechnique They never reach the scores of Harvard, MIT, UCL or Imperial and are usually a long way behind All the comparisons we tried reflect this general picture, sometimes in quite a striking manner There is, for example, a strong correlation between the number of publications per staff and the total number of staff amongst Boston institutions, whereas in Paris, the distribution is far more random with a tendency for smaller institutions to publish more per researcher In Boston, researchers who publish most thus tend to be employed by the institutions with the largest number of research staff (Harvard followed by MIT) whereas in Paris this is not the case Surprisingly, the leading existing Parisian institutions tend to have better results than those of the Parisian ComUE Because the scientific potential is equivalent, the differences are presumably linked to the institutional landscape of the three cities In the third part of the report we compare the The Nature Rising Stars index lists the 100 institutions that have most increased their number of publications in leading journals of the top 10 and 40 of the top 100 are Chinese (11 are American, UK, German, Indian, Swiss, Australian and Swedish and each from Canada, France (INSERM 75th, UPMC 87th), Italy, Poland and South Korea) The top 10 European rising stars includes both UCL and Imperial (alongside EPSL Lausanne and ETH Zurich) whereas no French university or grande école breaks the leading 25 See: https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2016-rising-stars/index#ni-articles differentiation of these landscapes according to the two core missions of their institutions: teaching and research2 The hierarchy between institutions in terms of research output is clear in all three cities, however, there is a big difference between Boston (where the curve is exponential) and Paris (where UPMC leads the three other main research universities but the level of concentration is lesser than in the two other cities) The main difference occurs in terms of student distribution The seven universities with most undergraduate students are all situated in Paris (Paris Diderot, Paris Descartes, UPMC, Paris Sud, Panthéon Sorbonne, Paris-Ouest Nanterre and Paris Dauphine) They are followed by Boston University and King’s College London Furthermore, the four leading Parisian universities in terms of publications have less graduate students than Boston University, Harvard, UCL or King’s despite Paris concentrating proportionally more graduate students (37%) than both Boston (32%) or London (29%) Institutionalising the existing ComUE (by mergers or other means), without tackling problems of research intensity or distribution of undergraduate students would increase the divergence between the Parisian landscapes and those of London and Boston From a purely institutional perspective, the Parisian landscape of Higher Education would thus become more similar to that of countries dominated by large, heterogeneous universities such as southern Europe or southern America The report ends by debating two important questions: world-class universities increase social stratification? and they have a positive effect on their environment? We emphasise the importance of tackling the first question seriously, even if we are not able to answer it conclusively in this report The answer to the second question, on the other hand, is clearly positive and shows that the reasons given for launching the PIA were correct, even if the institutional transformations have not yet achieved the expected results Figures 29 for Boston, figure 30 for London and figures 31 and 32 for Paris and Parisian ComUEs compare institutions by number of undergraduate students, number of graduate student and research output Key recommendations The reforms launched in France over the last 10 years have transformed the French landscape of HE&R However, they have not yet created the conditions for World-Class Universities to emerge Grandes écoles, universités and even ComUE are all institutions of higher education and research, but none can aspire to become either “world-class research universities” or “leading teaching universities” without undergoing considerable further transformation Seen from Shanghai or Boston, they remain idiosyncratically French The ComUE have played a key role as facilitating structures They have enabled the process of institutional transformation to start by creating a space for institutional dialogue between research organisations, grandes écoles and universités There is however a danger that they lose their focus and become institutional goals per se This would defeat the aim for which they were set up, namely to coordinate the activities of institutions of higher education and research in a given territory Indeed, by comparing the performances of individual institutions with those of the ComUE of which they are part, the report shows that the institutionalisation of ComUE would actually increase the differences between the landscapes of Paris, London and Boston (notably in terms of student distribution) Furthermore, the resultant institutions would be less competitive than the leading existing institutions on a number of important criteria, such as students per staff, impact per publication or publications per staff Viewing the ComUE in this way makes it easier to refocus on the aims of the IDEX and the supposed “expectations” of the international jury It highlights the fact that the problem is not to “institutionalise the ComUE” but to create institutions that are able to tackle key issues that hold back would-be world-class universities such as selection, funding and governance The problem is one of mission and vision Clarifying and differentiating institutional mission World-class universities cannot be created in isolation They are necessarily part of a long-term vision for the university system as a whole As Birnbaum underlines: “what we really need in countries everywhere are more world-class technical institutes, world-class community colleges, world-class colleges of agriculture, world-class teachers’ colleges, and world-class regional state universities The United States don’t have a world-class higher education system because it has many world-class universities; instead it has world-class universities because it has a world-class higher education system” (Birnbaum, 2007) In Paris, there has been a strong tendency to try and ensure either that no-one gets left behind and/or that all types of cursus are integrated into a single structure This commendable aim is bound to failure because it is less competitive than comprehensive systems in which different institutions have clearly identified missions: Lasell College focuses on education for undergraduate students, Harvard on producing world-class research The Parisian system hosts an incredibly diverse set of institutions from the purely legal perspective but it lacks diversity in terms of institutional missions It desperately needs institutions to focus on becoming teaching universities, vocational institutions or regional universities Because without this ecosystem, it will not be able to foster the emergence of or research universities and or world-class universities The existing ComUE can help transform the landscape by encouraging internal differentiation between institutions: they should be concentrating their efforts on non-selective undergraduate programmes and the development of true vocational cursus Only or Parisian institutions should aspire to be comprehensive world-class research universities They need to focus exclusively on their core mission: being world-class in research and education means that most members of the academic staff have the potential to be in the top 10% in their field and most undergraduate students have the potential to a PhD They need greater autonomy to enable them to choose their mission and select their students and academic staff Harvard, MIT, Imperial or UCL are part of well-oiled competitive systems of HE&R in which other institutions fulfil the roles of vocational institutions or regional state universities Finally, a last striking fact when looking at the landscape of higher education and research of Boston and London is the diversity of great institutions Alongside Harvard, MIT, UCL and Imperial there is room for excellent research universities such as King’s, Tufts or Boston University There are remarkable small research institutions such as the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Research Hospitals such as MGH, specialised institutions such as London School of Economics And, of course, there are wonderful vocational institutions and teaching universities that not feel the need to claim that they are doing cutting-edge research Creating coherent world-class institutions in Paris The Parisian Idex have succeeded in launching remarkable initiatives, however they still need to solve two key problems They lack the internal coherence to be immediately recognised as universities by external observers And they lack that “little something”, the “dark matter” that marks the difference between most institutions whose position varies from ranking to ranking and the very few who are always at the top whatever the criteria selected Coherence and the institutional debate Institutional coherence is sometimes considered synonymous with being recognised by ARWU, CWTS Leiden or THE This approach leads to discussions on legal statuses, lobbying and attempts to define minimal conditions that all take up a large amount of energy and resources None of these questions solves the underlying problem of institutional coherence No two World-Class universities are structured alike They combine departments, research institutes, governmental laboratories, faculties, student colleges and a vast array of other institutional objects in a myriad of forms Furthermore, all these institutional objects are themselves subject to an even greater diversity of function and status This is not a problem However, no world-class university contains within it a structure that has prerogatives overlapping with those of the university itself To give one much cited example, the problem of comparing Cambridge with French ComUE is not one of legal status (Colleges as listed bodies versus University as recognised body versus Schools, Departments and Faculties without legal status) but one of mission: the Colleges of Cambridge provide tutorship to students and are represented on some of the boards of the central university (4 seats on the 25 member university council), the university faculties organise teaching and research and are also represented on the board of the university A conflict can arise between colleges or between faculties over resource allocation but no conflict can exist between them and the university on their mission The merger of Paris-Sorbonne and UPMC will recreate a coherent comprehensive research university at the heart of Paris The respective responsibilities of the university, the faculties, laboratories, departments and other internal structures need to be defined but there is no conflict about mission The cases of Sorbonne Paris-Cité, PSL or Saclay are more complex Specialised institutions such as Institut d’Optique or Observatoire are not problematic: they are research institutes in a specific field that can easily find their place within the future university, whatever form it takes On the other hand, comprehensive institutions cannot be members of a comprehensive institution, they can only exist within university systems (like UCL in University of London or UC Berkeley in University of California) or as the heart of the future university Density and “dark matter” The term “dark matter” was coined by (Usher & Savino, 2007), who talk of the gravitational pull that certain institutions (Harvard, Oxford, etc.) or types of institutions exert on all rankings, regardless of the specific indicators and weightings used The idea of “dark matter” harks back to a much-maligned concept introduced in the first IDEX calls: the famous périmètre d’excellence, but a périmètre d’excellence whose limits correspond to those of the institution The leading institutions of Boston and London are dense: they are leaders in all fields, their students are the best students and the percentage of highly cited publications of their researchers is extremely high To be leaders they must ensure that the level of excellence is homogeneous They cannot afford to retain laboratories that are not leaders in their field or deliver diplomas to students who are unlikely to be accepted by a Master programme at one of their peer institutions Sorbonne University will not immediately acquire this “dark matter”, however the fundamentals are in place and the core institutions are comparable Sorbonne University can succeed with a strong internal strategy of excellence and strong governmental support to enable it to compete on an equal footing with the world’s elite institutions (notably in terms of student attractiveness) The situation of PSL, Saclay or Sorbonne Paris-Cité is, once again, more complex because the teaching and research excellence of the institutions that integrate the project are not homogeneous They can lead the world but they need to rethink their structure and define conditions modelled on those of the institutions to whose status they aspire The Path ahead There is no reason for which the Parisian system should not host world-class universities: it already hosts some of the most highly selective institutions in the world, as well as some of the best research groups It not only publishes a comparable quantity of articles to Boston or London but hosts a higher percentage of graduate to undergraduate students than either of these two cities (37%, 32% and 29%) Despite the dichotomy between grandes écoles and universités, despite the 10 École d'ingénieur généraliste en informatique et technologies du numérique École d'ingénieurs du monde numộrique ẫcole franỗaise d'Extrờme-Orient ẫcole internationale des sciences du traitement de l'information École nationale des Chartes École nationale des ponts et chaussées École nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers École nationale supérieure de chimie de Paris autre département ministériel rattaché un EPSCP École d'ingénieurs Private 0 0 0 École d'ingénieurs Private 0 0 0 ẫcole franỗaise l'ộtranger Public 0 45 1.62 43 22.22 0.96 Établissements d'enseignement supérieur privés rattachés un EPSCP Grand établissement Private Université de recherche Paris sciences et lettres - PSL Research University Institut polytechnique Grand Paris 0 0 114 114 19 0.11 10.53 0.26 Grand établissement relevant d'un autre département ministériel Grand établissement Public Université de recherche Paris sciences et lettres - PSL Research University Université ParisEst 1503 1.07 7768 66.4 5.17 1636 1636 0 0 Écoles nationales supérieures d'ingénieurs Public Hautes ÉtudesSorbonne-Arts et Métiers Université de recherche Paris sciences et lettres - PSL Research University 342 342 2097 24635 78.97 11.75 Public Public 80 1.36 École nationale supérieure de l'électronique et de ses applications de Cergy Écoles habilitées délivrer un diplôme d'ingénieur Écoles nationales supérieures d'ingénieurs Autre établissement Grand établissement relevant d'un autre département ministériel Etablissement relevant d'un autre département ministériel rattaché un EPSCP École normale supérieure École normale supérieure Public Institut polytechnique Grand Paris 837 837 Public Université ParisSaclay 567 567 Public Université Paris Lumières 0 0 École polytechnique École d'ingénieurs Public École Polytechnique de l'Université Paris-Sud École pratique des hautes études École d'ingénieurs Public Grand établissement Public École spéciale des travaux publics, Établissements Private École nationale supérieure d'informatique pour l'industrie et l'entreprise École nationale supérieure Louis Lumière École nationale supérieure maritime École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort École normale supérieure de Cachan École normale supérieure de Paris Public 0.78 21 83.33 3.5 0 0 0 0 Public Université ParisEst 0 858 1.18 6238 69.7 7.27 Public Université ParisSaclay Université de recherche Paris sciences et lettres - PSL Research University Université ParisSaclay Université ParisSaclay Université de recherche Paris sciences et lettres - PSL Research University 2106 2106 2231 1.17 14288 66.38 6.4 1723 1723 6578 1.67 69357 72.77 10.54 2944 2944 7844 1.55 83139 74.71 10.6 1.33 19482 68.87 8.94 0 Public 0 1208 1208 2178 0 0 81 du bâtiment et de l'industrie Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris d'enseignement supérieur privés rattachés un EPSCP École d'ingénieurs Public Université de recherche Paris sciences et lettres - PSL Research University Université ParisSeine 0 0 3196 3196 481 0 1.05 1862 48.65 3.87 École supérieure des sciences économiques et commerciales École supérieure des techniques aéronautiques et de construction automobile École supérieure d'ingénieurs des travaux de la construction de Cachan ENSTA Autre établissement École d'ingénieurs Private Private 1800 1800 0 0 École d'ingénieurs Private 320 320 0 0 École d'ingénieurs Public 0 0 0 0 EPF - École d'ingénieur-e-s École d'ingénieurs Private 0 0 0 0 ESPE de l'académie de Créteil École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation Autre établissement Grand établissement relevant d'un autre département ministériel Autre établissement Public 3714 3714 0 0 Public 2931 2931 0 0 Public 4229 4229 0 0 Private 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ESPE de l'académie de Paris ESPE de l'académie de Versailles Facultés Libres de Philosophie et de Psychologie Groupe des écoles nationales d'économie et statistique Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France Public Public Université ParisSaclay Université ParisSaclay 82 Institut catholique de Paris Établissement privé d'enseignement universitaire Autre établissement Private Institut de management et de communication interculturels Institut de physique du globe Autre établissement Grand établissement Private Institut des sciences et industries du vivant et de l'environnement Grand établissement relevant d'un autre département ministériel Grand établissement Public Établissements d'enseignement supérieur privés rattachés un EPSCP Grand établissement Private Grand établissement Grand établissement relevant d'un autre département ministériel Autre établissement Public Institut d'administration des entreprises de Paris Institut d'études politiques de Paris Institut d'Optique Graduate School Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales Institut national d'histoire de l'art Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance Institut national supérieur de formation et de recherche pour Public Public Public Public 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Université ParisSaclay 82 82 0 0 0 2000 2000 3596 1.37 30615 77.31 8.51 Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Université ParisSaclay 9054 9054 945 1.72 2169 37.99 2.3 474 474 844 1.88 8930 70.62 10.58 Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Sorbonne Universités 4966 2789 7755 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hautes ÉtudesSorbonne-Arts et Métiers Public Public Université Paris Lumières 83 l'éducation des jeunes handicapés et les enseignements adaptés Institut protestant de théologie Institut supérieur de mécanique de Paris Institut supérieur d'électronique de Paris Institute Curie Établissement privé d'enseignement universitaire Instituts et écoles extérieurs aux universités École d'ingénieurs Private Public Institut polytechnique Grand Paris Private Public Muséum national d'histoire naturelle Observatoire de Paris Grand établissement Grand établissement Public Telecom Paristech Public Telecom SudParis Grand établissement relevant d'un autre département ministériel École d'ingénieurs Université de Cergy-Pontoise Université Public Université de Versailles SaintQuentin-en-Yvelines Université d'Évry-Val d'Essonne Université Public Université Public Université Panthéon-Assas Université Public Public Public Université de recherche Paris sciences et lettres - PSL Research University Sorbonne Universités Université de recherche Paris sciences et lettres - PSL Research University Université ParisSaclay Université ParisSaclay Université ParisSeine Université ParisSaclay Université ParisSaclay Sorbonne Universités 0 0 0 0 671 671 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5380 1.72 62951 61.77 11.7 361 361 7837 1.38 63529 74.43 8.11 102 102 5928 1.77 89815 78.58 15.15 1500 1500 1874 1.7 13690 53.15 7.31 731 0.78 1262 5.44 10666 2942 13608 2016 0.97 10962 42.68 % 62.7 12256 4938 17194 6978 1.88 78017 72.6 11.18 7226 2141 9367 1692 1.42 17484 68.38 10.33 12743 5690 18433 0 0 84 Université Paris - Panthéon Sorbonne Université Public Université Paris 13 - Paris Nord Université Public Université Paris - Vincennes Saint-Denis Université Paris Descartes Université Public Université Public Université Paris Diderot Université Public Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense Université Paris-Dauphine Université Public Université Public Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-deMarne Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée Université Public Université Public Université Paris-Sorbonne Université Public Université Paris-Sud Université Public Université Pierre et Marie Curie Université Public Université Sorbonne Nouvelle Paris Université Public Total 90 Hautes ÉtudesSorbonne-Arts et Métiers Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Université Paris Lumières Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Université Paris Lumières Université de recherche Paris sciences et lettres - PSL Research University Université ParisEst Université ParisEst Sorbonne Universités Université ParisSaclay Sorbonne Universités Université Sorbonne Paris Cité 28057 14777 42834 1981 0.86 4956 42.1 2.5 15891 5049 20940 5061 1.2 34159 59.95 6.75 15576 7061 22637 1304 0.78 2214 32.59 1.7 28192 6835 35027 23864 1.58 235823 65.92 9.88 18073 6357 24430 26357 1.82 330005 71.28 12.52 24874 9145 34019 1497 0.74 3642 40.68 2.43 7957 2175 10132 2487 1.08 7432 52.19 2.99 21203 5584 26787 4003 1.61 28637 65.93 7.15 7593 3055 10648 1119 1.12 3916 60.86 3.5 13120 6982 20102 7381 1.27 16045 43.92 2.17 22254 8191 30445 27891 1.75 335850 72.85 12.04 23485 9614 33099 43383 1.57 480307 72.58 11.07 11213 5909 17122 280 0.79 391 40 1.4 285345 158153 443498 16457790 1.49 1,542,241 66.99 % 9.37 Total number of document is not the sum of all the docs per institutions, since some publications are done in collaborations between several institutions 85 Source: Open Data Portal Enseignement Supérieur et Recherche File Principaux établissements d'enseignement supérieur and file Effectifs d'étudiants inscrits dans les établissements publics sous tutelle du ministère en charge de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche Plus information from offical websites for number of students Students 2014-2015 InCites 2010-2016, Access 2016-07-04 London Institution Type Birkbeck College University Brunel University London University Buckinghamshire New University University Conservatoire for Dance and Drama University Courtauld Institute of Art University Goldsmiths College University Guildhall School of Music and Drama University Heythrop College University Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine King's College London University Kingston University University London Business School University University Legal status Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity UG PG Total 9680 4255 13935 3428 Category Normalized Citation Impact 1.42 9695 4025 13720 7053 1.37 46552 58 6.6 7970 1065 9035 235 0.64 685 53.19 2.91 1070 190 1260 0 0 165 305 470 0 0 5235 2930 8165 987 1.39 2551 38.5 2.58 555 355 910 0 0 350 355 705 513 0.44 103 6.04 0.2 9015 7595 16610 59534 1.74 634101 64.63 10.65 17610 11120 28730 42874 1.65 378736 56.96 8.83 16975 4935 21910 2087 1.14 8266 52.04 3.96 1790 1790 733 1.95 5657 67.8 7.72 86 Web of Science Documents Times Cited % Docs Cited Citation Impact 24791 58.37 7.23 London Metropolitan University University London School of Economics and Political Science London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London South Bank University University Middlesex University University Queen Mary University of London University Ravensbourne University Roehampton University University Rose Bruford College University Royal Academy of Music University Royal College of Art University Royal College of Music University Royal Holloway and Bedford New College St George's Hospital Medical School University St Mary's University, Twickenham University The City University University The Institute of Cancer Research University The Royal Central School of Speech and Drama† The Royal Veterinary College University University University University University Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity 11030 3055 14085 1635 0.87 5504 46.3 3.37 4415 6185 10600 8687 1.74 36164 49.49 4.16 1245 1245 12373 2.29 153006 71.37 12.37 13020 4715 17735 1325 0.76 3651 49.06 2.76 13675 3805 17480 2232 0.94 4940 40.55 2.21 11390 4570 15960 19042 1.89 186570 59.8 9.8 1985 70 2055 0 5985 1665 7650 1630 5125 41.66 730 60 790 0 360 410 770 44 1.23 18 6.82 0.41 1445 1445 228 1.58 175 19.3 0.77 425 380 805 87 0.43 64 18.39 0.74 7170 2745 9915 4534 1.71 53260 66.65 11.75 4575 930 5505 6954 1.8 73679 57.52 10.6 3905 1430 5335 157 0.74 259 40.76 1.65 9695 8585 18280 4794 1.13 17902 53.44 3.73 300 300 6696 2.81 106379 61.62 15.89 635 355 990 27 2.61 24 33.33 0.89 1635 510 2145 2994 1.44 18759 64.96 6.27 87 1.08 3.14 The School of Oriental and African Studies The University of East London University The University of Greenwich University The University of West London University The University of Westminster University Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance University College London† University University of the Arts, London University Regent's University London University University University Total Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Public Charity Private non-profit 3015 2890 5905 2195 1.42 3314 27.93 1.51 11680 4175 15855 1411 0.88 3567 42.95 2.53 16105 5190 21295 2501 1.25 11085 57.26 4.43 8980 1510 10490 95 0.71 438 61.05 4.61 16145 4320 20465 2119 1.19 7267 45.73 3.43 695 270 965 0 0 16830 18785 35615 82401 1.75 763416 60.73 9.26 14505 3270 17775 412 1.03 297 22.33 0.72 3591 3591 0 0 1.64 2,189,922 59.14% 260496 121790 Source: Higher Education Funding Council for England, Students 2014-2015 InCites 2010-2016, Access 2016-07-04 88 382286 254,387 8,61% Boston Institution Andover Newton Theological School Anna Maria College Babson College Bay State College Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology Bentley University Berklee College of Music Berkshire Community College Boston Architectural College Boston Baptist College Boston College Boston Graduate School of Psychoanalysis Inc Boston University Brandeis University Bridgewater State University Type Legal status UG 260 Web of Science Docume nts Category Normalized Citation Impact Special Focus FourYear Master's Colleges & Universities Special Focus FourYear Special Focus FourYear Special Focus FourYear Master's Colleges & Universities Special Focus FourYear Associate's Colleges Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Public 260 0 1108 322 1430 0 0 2107 942 3049 0 0 1108 1108 0 0 507 507 0 0 4264 1301 5565 0 0 4743 165 4908 0 0 2230 2230 0 0 Special Focus FourYear Special Focus FourYear Doctoral Universities Special Focus FourYear Doctoral Universities Doctoral Universities Master's Colleges & Universities Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Public 470 406 876 0 0 94 94 0 0 9856 4461 14317 5621 1.34 44090 52.23 7.84 136 136 0 0 18017 14095 32112 31800 1.85 362803 63.34 11.41 3729 2216 5945 4239 1.93 49886 59.45 11.77 9628 1559 11187 435 1.07 940 31.72 2.16 89 PG Total students Times Cited % Docs Cited Citation Impact Bunker Hill Community College Associate's Colleges Public 14253 14253 0 0 Cambridge College Master's Colleges & Universities Master's Colleges & Universities Doctoral Universities Master's Colleges & Universities Master's Colleges & Universities Baccalaureate Colleges Master's Colleges & Universities Special Focus FourYear Special Focus FourYear Special Focus FourYear Associate's Colleges Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Public 1140 1701 2841 0 0 2900 241 3141 0 0 4289 2009 6298 14140 1.7 123328 60.8 8.72 1064 147 1211 0 0 3787 758 4545 0 0 2082 229 2311 0 0 2877 1552 4429 0 0 0 62 62 0 0 1875 1875 0 0 350 350 166 0.9 950 45.78 5.72 2079 2079 0 0 Doctoral Universities Special Focus FourYear Special Focus FourYear Special Focus FourYear Special Focus FourYear Special Focus FourYear Master's Colleges & Universities Special Focus TwoYear Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit 10338 18453 28791 180651 2.19 2310074 63.52 12.79 144 146 0 0 81 102 183 0 0 0 814 814 0 0 347 347 0 0 757 757 0 0 1737 333 2070 0 0 283 283 0 0 Curry College Dartmouth College Eastern Nazarene College Emerson College Emmanuel College-Boston Endicott College Episcopal Divinity School Fisher College Franklin W Olin College of Engineering Great Bay Community College Harvard University Hebrew College Hellenic College-Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School of Theology Hult International Business School ITT Technical Institute-Wilmington Laboure College Lasell College Lawrence Memorial Hospital School of Nursing 90 Le Cordon Bleu College of Culinary ArtsCambridge Lesley University Longy School of Music of Bard College Marian Court College Massachusetts Bay Community College Massachusetts College of Art and Design Massachusetts Institute of Technology Massachusetts School of Law Massasoit Community College MCPHS University Merrimack College MGH Institute of Health Professions Middlesex Community College-Bedford Montserrat College of Art Mount Ida College New England College of Business and Finance New England College of Optometry New England School of Acupuncture New England School of Law Newbury College Special Focus TwoYear Doctoral Universities Special Focus FourYear Special Focus TwoYear Associate's Colleges Private forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Public 474 474 0 0 1929 2930 4859 0 0 59 189 248 0 0 277 277 0 0 5369 5369 0 0 Special Focus FourYear Doctoral Universities Special Focus FourYear Associate's Colleges Public 1967 128 2095 17 1.14 17 29.41 Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Public 4512 6807 11319 47559 2.32 826259 70.56 17.37 408 408 0 0 7905 7905 0 0 Special Focus FourYear Master's Colleges & Universities Special Focus FourYear Associate's Colleges Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Public 4027 2908 6935 0 0 3033 304 3337 0 0 195 971 1166 42316 2.43 580186 62.87 13.71 9205 9205 0 0 Special Focus FourYear Baccalaureate Colleges Special Focus FourYear Special Focus FourYear Special Focus FourYear Special Focus FourYear Baccalaureate Colleges Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit 402 402 0 0 1293 27 1320 0 0 690 151 841 0 0 0 519 519 0 0 0 160 160 0 0 0 871 871 0 0 874 874 0 0 91 North Shore Community College Associate's Colleges Public 7412 7412 0 0 Northeastern University Doctoral Universities Master's Colleges & Universities Associate's Colleges Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Public 13510 6288 19798 10382 1.64 85969 60.69 8.28 3689 6413 10102 0 0 6963 6963 0 0 Special Focus FourYear Baccalaureate Colleges Master's Colleges & Universities Associate's Colleges Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Public 303 312 0 0 403 39 442 0 0 3756 1099 4855 239 0.65 750 42.68 3.1 Public 4705 4705 0 0 Master's Colleges & Universities Master's Colleges & Universities Special Focus FourYear Master's Colleges & Universities Doctoral Universities Special Focus FourYear Special Focus FourYear Special Focus FourYear Doctoral Universities Doctoral Universities Doctoral Universities Doctoral Universities Public 7600 1667 9267 237 0.95 463 35.02 1.99 Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private forprofit Private not-forprofit Public 2121 618 2739 0 0 385 163 548 0 0 1622 3180 4802 0 0 5390 2825 8215 0 0 505 206 711 0 0 413 369 782 0 0 555 555 0 0 5177 5730 10907 16893 1.59 173635 63.28 10.28 12700 4056 16756 3696 1.24 18038 52.11 4.88 Public 12983 4196 17179 3059 0.97 13954 51.55 4.56 Public 12831 2286 15117 5254 1.34 39221 64.98 7.46 Northeastern University Global Network Northern Essex Community College Northpoint Bible College Pine Manor College Plymouth State University Quincy College Salem State University Salve Regina University School of the Museum of Fine ArtsBoston Simmons College Suffolk University The Boston Conservatory The New England Conservatory of Music The New England Institute of Art Tufts University University of Massachusetts-Boston University of Massachusetts-Lowell University of New Hampshire-Main Campus 92 University of Phoenix-Massachusetts Urban College of Boston Wellesley College Wentworth Institute of Technology Wheaton College-Norton Wheelock College William James College Special Focus FourYear Special Focus TwoYear Baccalaureate Colleges Master's Colleges & Universities Baccalaureate Colleges Master's Colleges & Universities Special Focus FourYear Total Private forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit Private not-forprofit 179 19 198 0 0 810 810 0 0 2323 2323 0 0 4329 229 4558 0 0 1587 1587 0 0 869 462 1331 0 0 0 700 700 0 0 209645 91657 301302 303,557 1.95 3,530,31 62.75% 11.63 Source Carnegie Classification 2015 InCites 2010-2016, Access 2016-07-04 93 SIRIS Academic SL Av Francesc Cambó, 17 08003 Barcelona Spain Tel +34 93 624 02 28 info@sirisacademic.com www.sirisacademic.com 94