Giáo trình tiếng anh chuyên ngành quan hệ quốc tế phần 1

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GIAO TRINH

TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH QUAN HỆ QUỐC TẾ

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Chủ biên: TS Nguyễn Thị Việt Nga

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

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MAP OF THE UNITS max

Unit 1 Sample unit - Choose the best answer - Paraphrasing

with - Matching information - Describing a bar chart

oe cn - True/False/Not given - Write a summary

-China ; se

Trade War - Answer the questions - Writing an essay - Gap-filling

Unit2 | Indonesia - Choose the best answer - Write a summary

Elections - Matching information - Describe pie charts

- True or False - Choose among some - Answer the questions topics to write an essay - Gap-filling

Unit3 | Anti-immigrant | - True or False - Write a summary

politics ~ Matching information - Describe pie charts

- Answer the questions - Describe a bar chart - Choose the best answer - |.- Choose among some - Gap-filling | topics to write:a reflection - Unit4 | Brexit - Choose the best answer - Write a summary

- Matching information ~ Describe a bar chart - True/False/Not given - Choose among some - Answer the questions topics to write a reflection - Gap-filling

Unit 5 International - Choose the best answer - Describe: pie charts

Labour - Answer the questions ~ | - Write as

Organization - True/False/Not given oh among some

- Matching information | topics to write an essay

- Gap-fllng peor Digs SN nhổ oes Unit6 | Promoting - Choose the best answer - Describe a bar chart

cultures in - Matching information - Paraphrasing

Palestine - Yes/No/Not given - Choose among some

- Answer the questions topics to write an essay - Gap-filling - Write a reflection Unit7 | Peace talks - True/False/Not given - Write a summary

- Choose the best answer - Paraphrasing - Matching information ~ Describe.a line graph - Answer the questions - Choose among some - Gap-filling topics to write an essay

_- Write a reflection

Unit 8 | World Bank - Choose the best answer - Paraphrasing - Matching information - Describe a line graph - True/False/Not given - Write a summary - Answer the questions - Write a reflection

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GIÁO TRÌNH TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH 0UAN HỆ QUỐC TẾ 7

Unit9 | World's most - Choose the best answer - Write a summary

trafficked - True/False/Not given - Paraphrasing

mammal - Answer the questions - Describe a bar chart - Matching information - Write a reflection - Gap-filling

Unit 10 | India’s election | - Choose the best answer - Paraphrasing - Matching information - Describe a bar graph - True/False/Not given - Choose among some

- Answer the questions topics to write an essay

- Gap-filling - Write a reflection Unit 11 | English test - Choose the best answer - Paraphrasing

cheating in UK | - Matching information - Write a summary

- True/False/Not given - Complete information in

- Answer the questions a bar chart

- Gap-filling - Write an essay

- Choose among some topics to write a reflection Unit 12 | Cyber security | - True/False/Not given - Write a summary

- Matching information - Describe a table - Choose the best answer - Paraphrasing

- Gap-filling - Choose among some topics to write an essay Unit 13 | Digital Media - Choose the best answer - Write a summary

- True/False/Not given - Describe a pie chart - Answer the questions - Describe a bar chart - Matching information - Ghoose among some - Gap-filling topics to write a reflection Unit 14 | Notre Dame - Choose the best answer - Write a summary

Cathedral - | - Yes/No/Not given - Describe bar charts

symbol of Paris | _ \jatching information - Choose among some

- Answer the questions topics to write an essay - Gap-filling - Choose among some

topics to write a reflection Unit 15 | Terrorism - Matching Headings - Choose the best answer - Paraphrasing

- Matching information - True/False/Not given - Answer the questions

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INTRODUCTION

This course entails 45 periods of off-line Scheduled Teaching

Moreover, students are required to spend the same amount of time for Independent Study

It is designed to help students majoring in International Affairs to gain understanding about current international issues, relations among

nations in the world and developments of the international situation

The course will be divided into two blocks, namely Reading and Writing

The first part, Reading, uses authentic materials from updated international news on widely-known rources such as CNN, BBC

News, Reuters, The Times, The Guardian to increase students’

competence in reading comprehension skills while introducing them

to key terms in international issues Students will apply a wide range of reading comprehension skills to do the exercises self-designed by the book authors All the news items are carefully chosen to focus on the most recent international development

In the second part, Writing, the exercises are designed to

appropriately match the information from the previously-given texts

Students learn how to paraphrase or summarize information from the

news as well as how to describe a chart/a table They are also required to

express their ideas about an international issue mentioned in the news © WHO IS THIS BOOK AIMED AT?

This book is aimed at third-year students at Faculty of International

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10 GIAO TRINH TIENG ANH CHUYEN NGANH QUAN HE QUỐC TẾ

with 3 modules for ESP (English for Specific Purpose) This book is the

first one among a series of English coursebooks for International

Affairs

On completion of this course the successful students will be able to: 1 Understand and memorize a range of words and expressions in

the field of international affairs

2 Identify and use appropriate techniques in reading comprehension skills and writing skills to complete exercises

3 Review and present arguments on international issues

1 To provide students with information about international issues 2 To enhance students’ reading comprehension skills and writing skills 3 To enable students to identify, discuss, review and evaluate

contemporary international issues

© HOW IS THIS BOOK DIFFERENT FROM OTHER BOOKS? This book is for neither testing preparation nor practising General English It focuses on English for International Affairs However, as it is the first one among a series of three ESP books for International Affairs, it should serve as a smooth transition from General English to ESP To some extent it seems similar to other books of General English,

but it also reflects big differences, which are pointed out below

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GIÁO TRÌNH TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH QUAN HỆ QUỐC TẾ 11

on popular types of reading exercises such as Multiple choice, Answer

the question, Matching, Gap-filling, etc

As for Writing, the book contains writing tasks related to the news in the reading part Apart from focusing on enhancing writing

skills such as summarizing or paraphrasing, students are also required

to write their reflection on the news or to write an essay on a topic of international issues In this way, they can develop the ability to evaluate and review international issues

This course will be delivered on a weekly basis in such a way that it enhances the students’ involvement and classroom experience

Moreover, the lecturers are expected to collaborate other learning

resources or use parts of the exercises as homework to enable students to engage effectively in self-supported study Students need to practise outside the classroom by way of independent study

Students may be asked to have preparatory work including

reading and short exercises

Formative Assessment will be embedded in the delivery of teaching, with wide range of opportunities for feedbacks on student work in process No Assessment outline Assessment scheme 1 | Learning attitude

Students’ attitude during learning process can be 10% assessed by teachers’ classroom observation, e.g

percentage of attendance, class participation and engagement, class preparation

2 Midterm- test 30% Students do both Reading and Writing exercises ° 3 Written Final Test 60%

Students do both Reading and Writing exercises °

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GUIDELINES FOR READING

Students have to read a news item extracted from a newspaper and answer reading comprehension questions There are totally 25 questions for each Reading section Students will be asked 4-5 different types of question in any section

Task type What do I have to do?

1 Multiple choice/Choose the best answer

+ Choose one answer from alternatives A-D - Choose two answers from alternatives A-E - Choose three answers from alternatives A-G

2 Identifying information

(T/F/NG) Say whether a statement confirms the information in the text (True) or contradicts the information in the text (False) or there is no

information (Not Given)

3 Identifying the writer's views/ claims (Y/N/NG)

Say whether a statement agrees with the

author’s claims or views (Yes), disagrees with the author’s views/claims (No) or whether there is no information on this (Not Given)

4 Matching information Match information to a paragraph in the text

5 Matching headings Match a heading from a list of possible answers to the correct paragraph or section of the text

6 Matching features Match a list of statements to a list of possible answers in a box (e.g specific people or dates),

7 Matching sentence

endings Complete a sentence by choosing a suitable ending from a box of possible answers

8 Sentence completion Complete a sentence with suitable words from

the text (sentences may be either in the same context or a new context)

9 Notes/summary/table/ flowchart completion

Complete notes/a summary/a table/flow-chart with a suitable word (or words) from a text

10 Short answer questions Answer questions using words from the text

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The instructions and the questions will tell you what type of information you need to locate in the news, and the type of answer you need to write Carefully follow all of the instructions and remember the reading strategies given in the next parts

Note: Always read the questions before reading the text

1 Skimming a passage means reading it quickly (concentrating on content words, like nouns and verbs) to find the main points Skimming a text will also give you a general idea of how the information is organised, which can help you locate information more easily later on

For example:

Skim the following news to get the general idea of what it is about Australians are voting in the first general election since political infighting ousted the nation's fourth leader in a decade

PM Scott Morrison says he has united his conservative government in the nine months since he replaced Malcolm Turnbull

But Labor opposition leader Bill Shorten has pressed his case with stark policy alternatives

Australia has mandatory voting and a record 16.4 million enrolled voters

Both leaders were out early at polling booths on Saturday, in a last-ditch pitch for votes

(https://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-48305001)

Question: What is the main idea of the passage? A Australia has a new leader

B Australians are voting for a new leader

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The correct answer is B, which gives the most general idea of the whole passage A and B are incorrect and D is too detailed

2 Skim reading a passage can also give you a sense of the writer’s attitude

For example, read the news below and answer the question NEW DELHI (Reuters) - The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has one unwanted lead in this month’s general election race - according to data from an electoral watchdog it is fielding the most candidates among the major parties who are facing criminal charges Its main rival, Congress, is just a step behind

Election laws allow such candidates to run so long as they have not been convicted, on grounds both of fairness and because India’s criminal justice system moves so slowly that trials can take years, or even decades, to be resolved

Still, the number of such candidates accused of offences ranging jrom murder to rioting has been rising with each election

(https://www.reuters.com/article/india-election-criminal-candidates/ lawbreakers-to-lawmakers-the-criminal-candidates-standing-in-indias- election-idUSKCN1ISOOLF)

Question: Which statement describes the writer’s tone in this passage? A He feels interested in the situation

B He feels enthusiastic about the situation C He is worried about the situation

D He is shocked about the situation

The correct answer is C, with evidences from three sentences: “Its main rival, Congress, is just a step behind”, “India’s criminal justice system moves so Slowly that trials can take years, or even

decades, to be resolved”, “Still, the number of such candidates

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Scanning means searching a text quickly for a specific piece of information, normally it works with numbers, persons or words

For example: Match columns A and B basing on the information from the following news

Labor has accused the Liberal Party of deliberately using the official colours of the Australian Electoral Commission to mislead Chinese-speaking voters in a marginal seat, despite the AEC stating the posters are within the laws

The posters, which were written in Mandarin and have appeared at booths in the Melbourne seat of Chisholm, state the "correct" way to vote is to preference the Liberal candidate first

One poster seen by the ABC at the Burwood East Primary School polling booth was printed in the purple and white colours of the AEC

and tied to a fence next to an official AEC voting banner

(ips: ‘//www.abc.net.au/news/2019-05-18/federal-election-2019-chisholm-

labor-lodges-aec-poster-complaint/11126232) Questions 1-3: Match the correct parts of sentences in column B with their first part in column A A B 1 Liberal Party A has its own voting banner 2 Australian Electoral Commission | B had a printed poster tied to its fence

3 Burwood East Primary School C had a poster printed in English

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To do this kind of exercise, readers need to focus on names in column A and identify them in the news, then read all information related to the given names

This exercise becomes harder with more options in column B for readers to choose (6 options for only 3 questions), so they are likely to be mistaken with more than one related information for each person in column A They need to read carefully to decide which one is better

The correct anwer for number 1 is D Readers may make mistakes by choosing F In fact, the news says Labour party accuses Liberal Party not for using the posters in the voting campaign, but for using it in a mis-leading way

The correct answer for number 2 is A, inferring from the phrase “next to an official AEC voting banner”, which means AEC has its own voting banner

The correct answer for number 3 is B, basing on information

from the sentence “One poster seen by the ABC at the Burwood East

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GUIDELINES FOR WRITING

Students have to complete some writing tasks, all of which relate

to the news in the Reading part The number of writing tasks for each

unit ranges from 3-5

Task type What do I have to do?

1 Paraphrasing Use your own words to express the same ideas as in the original version

2 Summarizing - Identify the main idea of the news or some

passages in the news

- Restate the ideas in your own words

3 Describe a chart/graph | - Use comparisons

- Describe the most striking features

4 Writing a reflection - Review ideas or give personal opinions on

information from the news

5, Writing an essay - Present your arguments on a given topic - Give evidences for your arguments

“To paraphrase is to restate a text or passage in a way you can easily understand Paraphrasing is a way of saying or writing something that has been said before, but in your own words You are keeping the meaning of what has been written or said, but expressing it in a different, clearer way” (Mintzer, 2005, p.17)

In order to paraphrase a sentence, you first need to understand the original one A good paraphrase should bring out more clearly, if possible, the meaning of the sentence

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GIAO TRINH TIENG ANH CHUYEN NGANH QUAN Hé Quéc TE 19

How to paraphrase:

- Read the passage several times to fully understand the meaning - Use as many synonyms as possible

- Change the sentence structure (e.g., from active to passive voice, or by breaking the information into separate sentences)

Writing a summary is a great way to check whether students understand the texts or not “The point of writing a summary is to reduce a text to its most essential information In a summary, brevity is usually achieved through carefuly selecting your content and words” (Wilhoit, 2000, p.72)

“Summarizing a reading involves two separate processes: (1) identifying the important material in the text and (2) restating the material in your own words” (Wilhoit,.2000, p.69)

Therefore, summarizing means short retelling of a longer written passage A summary should contain only the main idea and the supporting ideas of a passage Here are some strategies to have a good summary:

~ read a passage thoroughly

~ identify the main ideas and supporting ideas

- be sure to use your own words, do not plagiarize the original passage - pay attention to word limit A longer paragraph requires a longer summary but generally in this course, students are required to make a summary ranging from 100 to 150 words for a news item

- Do not include your opinions or analysis of the author's writing © DESCRIBING A CHART/GRAPH/TABLE

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memorize words and expressions, review and present arguments on

international issues

Therefore, students are not required to follow exactly the strategies as in doing an IELTS writing task 1 Some general suggestions are as follows:

- In terms of structure, you should divide your writing into 3-4 paragraphs

- The first paragraph should be an introductory one with such

expresssions as:

The table shows/illustrates the trends in between The graph compares between and

The chart shows how the have changed

~ You should use comparisons: “the same as’, as aS, more than while describing

- You do not need to describe every detail, just describe the most striking characteristics

- You should add linkers to enhance cohesion and coherence: in

addition, furthermore, however, although

A reflection is aimed at showing your opinion on what you think

about the chosen topic Even though it focuses on personal opinions, it

is advisable that students cite abundant resources to back up their points

A reflection paper does not need to explore the topic from all angles Students may take one piece of information or one statement

and express their viewpoints

Before writing, make sure you spend enough time reflecting on

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- The introductory paragraph needs to contain a thesis statement which clearly states your point of view, e.g, J completely support the policy of Australian Prime Minister

- The body should explain your thesis, discuss your personal experience related to the topic You can cite resources or quote statements from experts to support your views

- In the conclusion, wrap up your reflection with your overall response to the chosen topic

In this exercise, students are required to present their arguments on a given topic

- Identify the question type, then identify the keywords in the question to figure out exactly what topic you are going to deal with in the question

- Make an outline by listing your main ideas and supporting ideas Planning helps you organise your ideas and structure before you write, saving you time and helping you write a more organized essay

- Your thesis statement tells the reader the point of your essay It should contain two parts: the first part states the topic, and the second part states the essay’s main points

- The body of your essay argues, explains or describes your topic Each main idea that you write in your outline can be developed into a separate section within the body Each body paragraph can follow the same structure: starting by presenting one of your main ideas and supporting these with explanations and relevant examples

- The conclusion brings closure of the topic and sums up your overall ideas while providing a final perspective on your topic You simply need to review your main points and provide reinforcement for

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UNIT 1

SAMPLE UNIT WITH GUIDELINES: US - CHINA TRADE WAR

News: US-China trade war: What is President Trump's strategy? Donald Trump's book The Art of the Deal could give you some insight into how he is negotiating with China amid the current trade war

One of his business philosophies is called negative thinking - anticipating the worst outcome, and preparing for it

"I always go into the deal anticipating the worst," he writes "If

you plan for the worst - if you can live with the worst - the good will always take care of itself."

But is the US really prepared for the absolute worst China could do?

In a clip from China Central Television, that's now gone viral on

Chinese social media, anti-US sentiment appears to be at a peak

"China is not willing, but not afraid, to fight", says the presenter "After 5,000 years of winds and storms - what kind of hardship has the

great Chinese nation not weathered?"

Looking even further back in China's history, perhaps Beijing is

taking a page out of China's ancient strategic manual The Art of War As author Sun Tzu advises: "If your opponent is of choleric temperament, seek to irritate him"

Here's what could China do to "irritate" President Trump's arguably "choleric temperament" in this trade war

Sell US government bonds

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bonds to the quickest pace in two and a half years - according to data from the US Treasury department

And Beijing could keep doing this - although it would come at

a cost

Hu Xijin, editor in chief of the Global Times which is published by the Communist Party's official mouthpiece the People's Daily, has tweeted: "China may stop purchasing US agricultural products and energy, reduce Boeing orders and restrict US service trade with China Many Chinese scholars are discussing the possibility of dumping US Treasuries and how to do it specifically."

But analysts say doing that would actually hurt China more In simple terms, if Beijing sold US Treasuries then it would drive down the US dollar - and that could potentially destabilise the US economy

But that wouldn't be good for China in the long term It needs a stable global economy as its economy weakens - so hurting the US in this way would, in effect, hurt China too

Selling US Treasuries would also devalue China's holdings - effectively becoming an own goal

Weaken the value of the yuan

China's currency is controlled, which means it's not freely traded The central bank guides where the midpoint of the currency should be and then it trades within a narrow band around that midpoint

It has already lowered it in recent days, which analysts say is a signal to the market that China is willing to use the currency as a tool to offset the impact of US tariffs

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But the downside is that China's imports will become more expensive too - which will affect goods such as oil, and other raw materials that it needs to keep its economy chugging along It's a delicate balance - and a tough position to be in

Clamp down on foreign investment

This is one area where China could really tighten the screws on the US

Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been a key factor driving China's economic growth - and it's also reaped dividends for the

foreign companies investing in China, despite the challenging

business environment

However, Beijing could decide to make the environment even tougher In 2018, China was the second largest recipient of FDI in the world and a large chunk of that money came from the US, even as the trade war between the two intensified

However, according to reports, China's National Development

and Reform Council - the country's central planning agency has taken

over the responsibility of deciding who will be allowed to invest in the country based on national security criteria

That's an important move, because now the council is the equivalent in some respects of the Committee for Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) - the entity tasked with evaluating which companies are security risks and which aren't

Beijing will see the latest US moves to keep Huawei out of its markets as discriminatory - and could make it harder for American companies to get licences to operate in China, target the buying of

American products as being anti-patriotic, and hold up goods at ports

and customs

China has consistently said it doesn't want to fight - it says it's

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In fact even if you drill down into the $60bn-worth of US goods

that Beijing raised tariffs on this week in retaliation, the scale of the

tariff increase is less than what's being reported, according to Vinesh

Motwani of Silk Road Research

In December, China suspended retaliatory tariffs on vehicles and

auto parts, and that suspension has remained in place

Analysts say this signals that Beijing wants to show some good

faith in the lead up to the meeting between the two leaders at the G20 in Japan in June

Still, Sun Tzu's Art of War prescribes: "Let your plans be dark and impenetrable as night, and when you move, fall like a thunderbolt."

Perhaps - if those talks in June don't go well - China is leaving room for itself to apply further pressure in the future

(Source: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-48290733)

A paRT 1: READING COMPREHENSION

Questions 1-5: Choose the best anwer To do this exercise, you should:

- Read the question and identify the key words You need to fully understand the question before answering it

- Read every answer option before choosing a final answer

While reviewing all of the answer options, identify their key words

- Eliminate wrong answers: Eliminate answer options which you're completely sure to be incorrect, then focus on the remaining answers and select the answer you believe to be correct This strategy not only saves time but also greatly increases your chances of selecting the correct answer

- Select the best answer: It's important to select the best answer to the question being asked, not just an answer that seems correct Often many answers will seem correct, but there is typically a best answer to

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- Answer the easier questions first: If you're having difficulty answering a question, move on and come back to tackle it once you've answered all the questions you know Sometimes answering easier question first can offer you insight into answering the more challenging questions

- Be careful with "All of the above" and "None of the above" When you encounter "All of the above" and "None of the above" answer choices, do not select "All of the above" if you are pretty sure any of the answers provided is incorrect Similarly, if you are confident that at least one of the answer choices is true, don’t choose "None of the above"

- Make a wise guess: If you are unable to find out the best choice and you have run out of time, make a guess for any question you're unsure about

Now apply these techniques to do the following exercise:

1 What is mentioned about Donald Trump’s book The art of the Deal? A He wrote it while he was negotiating with China during the

trade war

B He stated his philosophies of positive thinking in the book

C He admitted that he always prepared for the worst during the deal

D He ee he gained good achievements during the deal The correct answer is C, inferring from the sentence “"J always go into the deal anticipating the worst," he writes and "If you plan for the worst - if you can live with the worst - the good will always take care of itself." Option A is incorrect because the news does not tell

when he wrote the book Sentence B is wrong as the news mentions

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GIAO TRINH TIENG ANH CHUYEN NGANH QUAN Hé Qudc TE 71

2 According to the news, what happened in China, EXCEPT A The Chinese expressed opposition to the USA

B China Central Television called on people to spread their clip

C A TV presenter says China is not willing to fight against the USA D A clip spread widely on social media

The best answer is B Be careful with the question which has the word EXCEPT It means you have to choose a wrongly-mentioned sentence rather than the correct one With this type of exercise, you can do by eliminating choices Option A is right as stated in the

sentence “anti-US sentiment appears to be at a peak’ C is right

basing on the information “China is not willing, but not afraid, to Jight", says the presenter’ D is also correct as “that's now gone viral

on Chinese social media’ Considering all the options, B is not

mentioned so it should be the best answer to the question 3 Why did the author mention China’s history?

A To remind of China’s victory against USA

B To suggest that China is now doing something different from

the past

C To advise that China should do something different from the past D To suggest that China is now dealing with USA in the same

way as the past

The best choice is D, which has the same meaning with the

sentence “perhaps Beijing is taking a page out of China's ancient

strategic manual The Art of War” “Taking a page out of something”

refers to “doing something in the same way as others”

4 What is mentioned about The Art of War? A It was translated by Sun Tzu

B It advised people to try to get on well with their opponents C It talked about people who were easy to get angry

D It said about ways to deal with people who were easy to get

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A is wrong as Sun Tzu is the author of The Art of War, not its translator B is also incorrect as the book writer advises “Jf your

opponent is of choleric temperament, seek to irritate him" Between

the rest two options, D is better as it mentions the similar ideas to the above sentence

5 What is the main idea of the news?

A President Trump’s strategies on US-China trade wars B China’s strategies on US-China trade wars and their impacts C Current situations of US trade relationship

D Prospects of US-China trade relationship

This sentence should be done after finishing all the other questions when the readers have read throughout the news Sub- headings may be useful clues for you to choose: “Sell US government bonds”, “Weaken the value of the yuan”, “Clamp down on foreign investment” These are China’s strategies on US-China trade wars In each part, the reporter also discuss the impact of each strategy

Questions 6-10: Matching information To do this type of exercise, you should:

- scan to find the xact words of column A in the news

- read all the ptions in column B and underline the key words - recognizing synonyms because the statements in column B are normally paraphrased

Note: the words in column A do not appear in the same order as the information in column B A B

6 China A said China perhaps would stop buying US energy 7 US Treasury | B released information saying that China has increased

department selling bonds really fast

8 Hu Xijin C will badly affect US economy if they are sold

9 US Treasuries | D is afraid of being hurt by selling bonds

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GIAO TRINH TIENG ANH CHUYEN NGANH QUAN HE QUOC TẾ 20 10 Global Times said that US will stop selling agricultural products would drive down the US dollar E F

G is under the management of People’s Daily

H buys the largest amount of US government bonds compared to other countries re is an agency belonging to China’s government ¬ will possively affect China’s economy if they are sold Answers:

6 H (China is the biggest foreign holder of US government bonds) 7 B (in March stepped up its sale of these bonds to the quickest

pace in two and a half years - according to data from the US Treasury department)

8 <A ( has tweeted: China may stop purchasing US agricultural products and energy)

9 C (In simple terms, if Beijing sold US Treasuries then it would drive down the US dollar - and that could potentially destabilise the US economy)

10 G ( Global Times which is published by the Communist Party's official mouthpiece the People's Daily)

Questions 11-15: Decide if each of the statements is True/

False/Not given

To do this exercise, you should

- Uunderstand what the words ‘true’, ‘false’ and ‘not given’ actually mean

e If the text agrees with or confirms the information in the statement, the answer is TRUE

e If the text contradicts or is the opposite to the information in the statement, the answer is FALSE

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Note: Just because an answer is NOT GIVEN does not mean there are no words in the statements that match words in the text This is something that confuses people, if words match then it is unnecessary to be TRUE or FALSE There probably will be matching words forNOT GIVEN answers, they just don’t have enough information to answer the question as a whole

- Ignore anything you already know about the topic and don’t make assumptions, Base your answers on the text only

- Identify any words that qualify the statement, for example, some, all, mainly, often, always and occasionally

- Be aware that normally there will beat least one of all three answers If you don’t have at least one ‘true’, ‘false’ or “not given’ you have at least one answer wrong

- Remember that you are matching meaning, not words, so do not look for words that exactly match those in the statements You should also look for synonyms/paraphrased expressions

- Do not waste so much time looking for information When something you try to find out is not there, then it is probably ‘not given’

Now apply these techniques to decide whether the following statements are True/False/Not Given

11 China’s central bank gives instruction for the currency to be controlled

12 China’s yuan may be used as a tool to balance the influence of US tariffs

13 Chinese products in the US are more expensive

14 Fewer American people purchase Chinese goods if yuan is weaker 15 Raw materials are vital for China’s economy

Answers:

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GIAO TRINH TIENG ANH CHUYEN NGANH QUAN HE QUOC TE 31

12 True (China is willing to use the currency as a tool to offset the impact of US tariffs.)

13 Not given (The text just says: The weaker the Chinese currency, the less expensive its goods are in the US, it does not mention whether Chinese products in the US are more expensive or not)

14, False (The weaker the Chinese currency, the less expensive its goods are in the US In theory, this means more people will buy them, and Chinese companies won't suffer as much)

15 True ( which will affect goods such as oil, and other raw

materials that it needs to keep its economy chugging along) Questions 16-20: Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS

Short-answer questions are very similar to sentence completion

questions You should answer questions with words taken directly

from the text, but pay attention to a word limit (normally you are asked to write no more than three words for each answer) Even if your answer is logically correct, you achieve no point when the number of words exceeds the limit

Questions or statements are not simply copied from the text, but

they keep the initial meaning and contain some key words

To do this exercise, you should: - Skim over the text

- Read the question and find the paragraph which is likely to contain the answer Use key words to navigate

- Read the paragraph you’ve found, searching for the answer - Check if it doesn't exceed the word limit once you've found the answer, - Base on the order of questions to help you For example, the

answer for question 5 will be between answers for questions 4 and 6

in the text

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32 GIÁO TRÌNH TIENG ANH CHUYEN NGANH QUAN HE QUOC TE Now apply the above-mentioned techniques to answer the following questions: 16, 17 18 19 20

What has been the vital factor driving China’s economic growth?

What does China’s central planning agency rely on to choose who can invest in China?

What word is used to describe the action of purchasing American goods?

What did China suspend related to vehicles and auto parts?

What does China want to demonstrate prior to the G20 meeting in

Japan?

Answers:

16 Foreign Direct Investment (Foreign direct investment (FDI) has 17

been a key factor driving China's economic growth)

national security criteria (the country's central planning

agency has taken over the responsibility of deciding who will be

allowed to invest in the country based on national security criteria) 18 anti-patriotic ( target the buying of American products as being

19,

20

anti-patriotic)

retaliatory tariffs (In December China suspended retaliatory

tariffs on vehicles and auto parts, and that suspension has remained in place)

some good faith (Analysts say this signals that Beijing wants to show some good faith in the lead up to the meeting between the two leaders at the G20 in Japan in June)

Questions 21-25: Fill in the gap with ONE exact word from the news This is an exercise where a sentence is provided with ONE WORD missing from it, aiming at checking students’ vocabulary and

its usage in a variety of contexts Remember the sentences in this

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GIAO TRÌNH TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH QUAN HỆ QUỐC TE 33

To do this exercise, you should:

- Read the sentence thoroughly to get its idea Once the theme is clear, it becomes easy to fill in the blanks

- Identify the type of word to fill in: Look at the blanks carefully and try to identify which kind of word to put in the blank Words can be based on grammar, prepositions, tenses, vocabulary, etc

- Pay attention to the tone: The sentence may contain some specific tone like narrative, critical, sarcastic, humorous, etc This helps you make a right choice of a word

Note: It is compulsory to choose one EXACT WORD from the

news to fill in each blank For example, the news has the word

“derived” in its past tense You have to keep its precise form if you want to use it to fill in the gap You are not allowed to use other forms

like “derive”, “deriving”, “derivation”, etc There may be more than one correct answer for a sentence

Now apply the techniques to fill in the gaps:

21 The objective of the research is to gain a better into

labour market processes

22 This book is already two weeks before its official

publication date

23 The company's losses in the USA were more than by gains everywhere else

24 It is desirable that domestic and EU law should be made

25 It's an ideal place in which to relax and escape the

of modern life Answers:

21 Insight (words to fill in must be a noun with positive meaning) 22 Viral/ traded (words to fill in must be an adjective or in past

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34 GIAO TRÌNH TIENG ANH GHUYÊN NGÀNH QUAN HỆ QUỐC TE

23 Offset (words to fill in may be a noun or an adjective, but its meaning conveys something to balance between “losses” and

“gains” in the given sentence)

24 Consistently (words to fill in must be an adverb with positive meaning)

25 Pressure (words to fill in must be a noun with negative meaning)

Ss PART 2: WRITING

Task 1: Paraphrase the following paragraph

Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been a key factor driving China's economic growth - and it's also reaped dividends for the foreign companies investing in China, despite the challenging business environment

However, Beijing could decide to make the environment even tougher

In 2018, China was the second largest recipient of FDI in the

world and a large chunk of that money came from the US, even as the

trade war between the two intensified

However, according to reports, China's National Development and Reform Council - the country's central planning agency has taken over the responsibility of deciding who will be allowed to invest in the country based on national security criteria

That's an important move, because now the council is the equivalent in some respects of the Committee for Foreign Investment

in the United States, (CFIUS) - the entity tasked with evaluating

which companies are security risks and which aren't

Beijing will see the latest US moves to keep Huawei out of its

markets as discriminatory - and could make it harder for American

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GIÁO TRÌNH TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH QUAN HỆ QUỐC TẾ 35 American products as being anti-patriotic, and hold up goods at ports and customs Suggested answer: Orginal version:

Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been a key factor driving China's economic growth - and it's also reaped dividends for the foreign companies investing in China, despite the challenging business environment

Paraphrased version:

Foreign direct investment (FDI) has played an important role in lealing economic development in China In spite of difficult business

situation, it has brought profits to foreign corporations investing in China

Original version:

However, Beijing could decide to make the environment even tougher

In 2018, China was the second largest recipient of FDI in the

world and a large chunk of that money came from the US, even as the

trade war between the two intensified

China, nonetheless, might choose to make it more challenging

Even in 2018 when trade ties between the US and China became intense, China still ranked the second among countries that received FDI all over the world with the US contributing a large amount of this

investment

Orginal version:

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36 GIÁO TRINH TIENG ANH CHUYEN NGANH QUAN HE Quéc TE

over the responsibility of deciding who will be allowed to invest in the country based on national security criteria

Meanwhile, China’s central planning agency named China's National Development and Reform Council is reported to have the right to determine its nation’s investors relying on national security criteria

Orginal version:

That's an important move, because now the council is the equivalent in some respects of the Committee for Foreign Investment in the United States, (CFIUS) - the entity tasked with evaluating which companies are security risks and which aren't

It is a necessary measure as to some extent it works in the same way as the US’s Committee for Foreign Investment - the agency responsible for reviewing which corporations may pose risks in security

Orginal version:

Beijing will see the latest US moves to keep Huawei out of its markets as discriminatory - and could make it harder for American companies to get licences to operate in China, target the buying of

American products as being anti-patriotic, and hold up goods at ports and

customs

The most recent case that USA stopped Huawei from entering its markets was considered unfair by Beijing American corporations may face difficulties to get permission for their operation in China Beijing now sets back merchandise at ports and customs and criticizes the action of buying American goods as anti-patriotic

Task 2: Write a report (150 words) to describe the chart

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GIAO TRÌNH TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH QUAN HỆ QUỐC TẾ 37 Total Value of Exports + Imports (sitionuso) $4.000 $3.86793.882 $3 64199746 53.500 53.000 $2.500 $2.000 $1,500 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 BChina BUSA (https://www.advancedontrade.com/2014/01/Comparison-of-US-and- Chinese-Exports-and-Imports html) Suggested answer:

The provided bar chart compares China and US international trade values combined by exports and imports during the period from 2007 to 2012

A quick look at the graph reveals that the USA always overtook China throughout the 6 years However, the gap between these two countries gradually became closer at the end of the examined period

The most significant difference appeared at the first two years when we saw US’s aggregate amount of exports and imports considerably exceeded China For some reasons, the two countries’ foreign trade values suddenly plunged into lows in 2009 with only $2,208 and $2,661 for China and USA respectively Nevertheless, this decrease was followed by an exponential growth right in the next year

Afterwards, both powers managed to increase their imports and

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38 GIAO TRÌNH TIẾNG ANH CHUYEN NGANH QUAN HE QUOC TE

Task 3: Summarize the news in 100 words Suggested answer:

The news mainly discusses China’s strategies to deal with the US

during the escalation of US-China trade war and the impacts of those strategies The author mentions China’s strategic manual The Art of War by Sun Tzu to refer to China’s consistent strategy from its history that it will find ways to make its enemies more irritated Three China’s actions are suggested including selling bonds that it buys from the USA, devaluing its currency and tightening foreign investment However, the author points out that every measure may leave a negative impact on China itself G20 in Japan in June will give chances for people to see more clearly about China’s moves

Task 4: Write an essay (200 words) on the following topic:

How do you think US-China trade war can impact Vietnam’s economy?

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