Người công nhân thành đạt dưới góc nhìn của người công nhân

NGUOI CONG NHAN THANH DAT DUOI GOC NHIN CUA NGUOI CONG NHAN TS La Thi Thu Thuy Phd Vien irifdng Vien Tdm ly hoc '* TOM TAT Khdo sdt khocing 800 cong nhdn dang ldm viec tgi mgi sdxi nghiep, nhd mdy dong Ireii dia hdn cdc thihlthdnh phd Hd Not, Ho Chi Minh, Bien Hda vci I-fifng Yen nam 2011 cho thdy, ddnh gid ve ngifdi cong nlidn ilidnh dgi da sd cong nhdn nifdc la nhin nhgn sif lhanh dat nghieng ve ye'u td ndng life (co ndng life chuyen man, co nhieu sdng kie'n Irong cong viec, lay nghe vt'fng, cd frach nhiem ddi vdi cong viec, yeu nghe, -iieng ndng ddi vdi cong viec ); xem nhe ye'u id ky lug! lao dgng; diing tluyi chifa CO sif lien ke't mol cdch thifc tint giCfa yeu td tiianh dgt cong viec vdi ye'u td hanh phiic gia dinh vd chifa coi yeu id gia dinh Id mat irong nhifng tieu ehi ddnh gia vc ngifdi cong nhdn dgi Mol sd mdu hinh thdnh dgt md cong nhdn hifdng den Ur mdu hinh cang nhdn vifa hoc vi'fa ldm; mdu hinh eong nhdn gidi lay nghe, ed sdng kien cong viee; man hinh cong nhdn nS life nham thay ddi sdphdn Tii khoa: Cong nhdn; Thdnh dat; Quan mem ve sif thdnh dgt; Ndng life ldm viec, Trdeh nhiem vdi eong viec Ngdy nhgn hdi: 1/2/2013; Ngdy duyel ddng hdi: 25/2/2013 Dat van de Nghi quyet sd 20-NQ/T.U' "Ve tie'p tuc xdy dung giai cdp cong nhdn Viet Nam thdi ky ddy mgnh cong nghiep hoa, hien dgi hoa ddt nude" da nhan manh den vai trd ciia giai cap cdng nhan la mdi luc lugng xa hdi to Idn bao gdm nhiing ngudi lao ddng chan lay va trf dc, lam cdng hudng luong cac loai hinh san xuat kinh doanh va dich vu cdng nghidp hoac san xua't kinh doanh va djch vu ed tinh cha't cdng nghiep Giai ea'p cdng nhan ed su menh lieh su lo ldn la lanh dao each mang Vd sd lugng, sd lieu di^u tra den nam 2008 cho tha'y, ddi ngu cdng nhan tren pham vi ca nude cd khoang 9,5 trieu ngudi/12,5 tridu lao dgng lam cdng an luong Du kid'n dd'n nam 2020 luc lugng edng nhan chiem khoang 20,5 tneu TAP CHf TAM L t HOC Sd (168), - 2013 27 ngu6i/27,.'j trieu lao ddng lam cdng an luong Dieu dat van dd lam the nao dd phat tridn dpi ngu ePng nhan manh ea ve sd lupng va cha't luong Trong pham vi bai vie't nay, ching tdi de cap den quan niem vd ngudi cdng nhan diit dudi gdc nhin eua ngudi edng nhan Muc dich ciia nghien cuu nhiim lam rd suy nghT danh gia cua ngudi cdng nhan vd mau hinh mpt ngudi edng nhan diil la gi? So lieu bai viei dupe la'y t i sd lieu khao sat eua de tai: "Nghien i ifii ddng ca thdnh dgt hogt ddng nghe ciia ngudi lao ddng d nude ta hien nav vd mol sd nhdn id lac dgng" Quy Phat tnen khoa hpc va Cdng nghe Qudc gia - Bp Khoa hoc va Cong nghe tai trp, PGS.TS Le Thi Thanh Hupng lam chi nhipm de lai, Vien Tam ly hoc chu tri thue hien Phuong phap va khach the nghien ciru Nghien ciu duoc tie'n hanh trdn 800 cdng nhin dang lam viec tai cac xi nghiep, nha may ddng trdn dia ban cac u'nh/lhanh phd: Ha Ndi, Hd Chi Minh, Bidn Hda va Hung Yen Khao sat dupe lien hanh nam 2011 Phuong phap nghien euu chi yeu dupe su dung la bang hdi va phdng va'n sau Vdi va'n de nghien ciu nay, chung tdi su dung eau hdi md yeu c^u cdng nhan ndu dac diem quan trpng nha't cia mpt ngudi cPng nhin dill va xep theo mic dp quan eua dae didm dd (trong dd la quan trpng nha't) Sd lieu khao siil Ihu duoc dupe xu ly biing each ma hda cac cau tra loi theo nhdm eae van de cd dac diem tuong ddng Ke't quii nghien curu 3.1 Quan niem ciia cdng nhdn ve ngudi cdng nhdn thdnh dgt MOi ITnh vuc hoiit dpng khac nhau, mdi hoiit dpng nghe nghiep khac cd nhung yeu eSu nghe nghidp khac Viec diinh gia mdt ngudi diit ITnh vuc nghd nghiep nao dd cung phai dua vao yeu cau nghe nghiep ciia hp Tuy nhien, cd hai khia canh khdng the thie'u xem xet mpt ngudi dat hay khong la dua trdn nhttng cdng sir nghiep (cdng viec, nghe nghiep) vii cudc sd'ng (gia dinh, cac mdi quan he xa hpi) Ket quii khao sat quan niem cua cdng nhan ve miu hinh ngudi ePng nhan dat cho Ihay cd nhdm dac didm duoc edng nhan de cap de'n Cu thd la: 1) Nhdm mpt sd dae didm lien quan de'n ndng life vd kdt qud Idm viee: Cd nang lire, cd chuyen mdn, cd kien thic, thdng minh hoan lot edng viee, thich nghi td't vdi cdng vide, nim bjl dupe co hdi, cd nhieu sang kie'n sang tao, cd kha nang lam td't cdng viec cua minh, mim vung tinh hinh cdng vide, tu tin, tay nghe eao 28 TAP CHiTAM Lf HOC, Sd (168), - 2013 2) Nhdm mdi so phdm chdi nhdn cdch cdn thiet cho cong viec: That tha, cham ehi, yeu nghe, c^n cii, ehju khd, hiing thii vdi edng vide, sidng nang, thich lao ddng, tan tuy, cd y thiic vdi edng vide, cd irach nhidm vdi cdng viee 3) Nhdm dac di^m lidn quan den thit nhgp: Luong cao, thu nhap tuong xiing vdi kha nang, dugc nang bac luong, dugc thudrtg dinh ky, cd nhieu ti^n 4) Nhdm dac diem lidn quan dd'n dia vijvi the xa h()i: Cd dia vj, duge mgi ngudi cdng nhan, gal hai dugc nhieu cdng, cd dieu kidn phat trien, dugc thang ehiie, duge lanh dao quan tam 5) Nhdm dac diem lidn quan den tinh dn dinh cua cdng viec vd cupc sdng; Cdng vide dn dinh, cudc sd'ng dn dinh, edng vide phu hgp, lam theo gid hanh chinh 6) Nhdm dac didm lidn quan den mdi quan he ddng nghiep: Bid't hgp tac vdi dong nghidp, quan he vdi ddng nghidp td't, hoa ddng, quan tam giiip dd ddng nghidp, duge ddng nghidp giiip 7) Nhdm dae didm lidn quan den cugc sdng gia dinh: Gia dinh hanh phiic, cudc sdng yen vui, ed trach nhidm vdi gia dinh, cd nha de d, nha ciia dn dinh 8) Nhdm dac diem lien quan dd'n ky lugt lao dpng: Cd ky luat tdt, cha'p hanh ndi qui ciia don vi, khdng bi kidm diem, nhae nhd Trong sd nhdm dac didm ma cdng nhan dua ra, hau hd'l cdng nhan thiia nhan nhGng dac didm lidn quan dd'n nang luc ciia ea nhan la quan trgng nhat de nhin nhan mdt ngudi cdng nhan dat Kd't qua khao sal cho thay, hau hdt cdng nhan deu cho rang ngudi edng nhan dai la ngudi cd nang luc, ed chuyen mdn, cd kid'n thiic, thdng minh, hoan tdi cdng viee, Ihich nghi td't, nam bat dugc co hdi, cd nhidu sang kid'n, sang tao, ed kha nang lam td't cdng viec cua minh, ndm viing tinh hinh cdng viec, tu tin, tay nghe cao (99,7% sd lugt cdng nhan lua chgn va 64,4% sd cdng nhan cho rang dd la gia tri quan trgng nhai) Ben canh dd, ngudi edng nhan dat phai ed trach nhiem ddi vdi edng vide, that tha, eham ehi, yeu nghe, can cii, ehju khd, hiing thii vdi cdng vide, sieng nang, thieh lao ddng, tan luy, cd y thiic vdi cdng viec, ed trach nhiem vol cdng viec (duge 48,7% sd lugt edng nhan lua chgn va 16,1% sd cdng nhan eho rang dd la dac didm quan nha't, xe'p vi Iri thii hai) Nhiing gia tri lien quan den vai chat, thu nhap nhu luong thudng cao, thu nhap luong xiing vdi kha nang, dugc nang bac luong, duge thudng dinh ky, cd nhieu lien duge gan 1/3 sd lugt cdng nhan lua chgn TAPCHITAMLYHOCSd (168), 3-2013 29 Bdng 1: Quan niem ciia cdng nhdn ve ngudi cdng nhdn thdnh dgt Stt Quan niem ve ngudi cong nhdn dat % theo miic quan Quan Quan Quan trong thur thii hai nhdt ba % theo tong % Iheo so cau tra loi Ndng life va ket qud ldm viec: C6 nang lire, co chuydn mOn, c6 kie'n thiic, thOng minh, ho^n thSnh tdt cOng viec, thfch nghi tdt v6i c6ng viec, nam bat dugc co hOi, c6 nhi^u sang kie'n sang tao, c6 kha nang lam tdt cOng viec ciia minh, nam vQng tinh hinh cOng viec, tir tin, tay ngh^ cao Phdm dial nhdn cdch cdn ihiet cho cdng vice ThSt tha cham chi, yfiu nghe, c^n cu, chiu kho hiing thii v6i c6ng viec, sieng nang, thich lao ddng tan co y thiic vdi c6ng viec, co trach nhiSm v6i cOng viec 64,4 26.8 22.6 41,5 % (heo so lird nguoi lira chon 99,7 16.1 26.5 17.6 20.3 48,7 Thil nhdp Luang cao, thu nhap tuong xiing v6i kha nang, dugc nang bSc luong, dugc thudng dinh kv, co.nhi^u ti^n 5,7 15.5 14.1 11.1 26,7 Dia vilvi tlie xa hgi: Co dia vi, dugc moi ngudi c6ng nhan, gat hai dugc nhi^u cOng, co di^u kien phat irie'n, dugc thang chiic, duoc lanh dao quan tam 4,4 10,2 14.6 8.7 21,0 Tinh on dinh: COng viec 6n dinh, cuOc sdng 6n djnh, cflng viec phu hop, lam theo gid hanh chi'nh 6,0 4,1 8.0 5,7 13,7 Quan he dong ngluep Biei hop lac voi d6ng nghiep, quan he v6i dOng nghiep tdt, hoa d6ng quan lam giiip dg dOng nghiep, duoc ddng nghiep giup 1.3 10,5 14.1 7.4 17,9 Cugc sdng gia dinh: Gia dinh hanh phuc, cu6c sdng yen vui, co trach nhiem vdi gia dinh, co nha d^ d, nha ciia 6n dinh 0.8 4,1 6.5 3,3 7.8 TAP CHI TAM LV HOC, Sd (168), - 2013 Ky ludt lao ddng: C6 ky luat tdt, cha'p hanh nOi qui cua don vi, khong bi ki^m di^m, nhSc nhd Ghi chii: Sd lieu bdng tren dlta tren kei qua khdo sdt linh Inidng cdng nhdn tu liel ke dgc diem quan ngng nhdl ciia ngudi cong nhdn thdnh dat vd xep didlu ddc diem theo mite quan trong, Irong I Id quan nhdt Nhiing dac di^m lien quan dSn dia vi/vi the' xa hOi, duoc mpi ngu&i c6ng nhan, gat hai duoc nhi^u c6ng, co di^u kien phat tridn, dupe thang chiic, duoc lanh dao quan tam cung dupe 1/5 cpng nhan lira chpn (chiem 21% so lupt cong nhan lira chpn) Mot dac didm cung kha quan trpng, ngucti cOng nhSn dat la ngu6i CO quan \\t d6ng nghidp tO't, bidt hpp tac, hoa d6ng v6i d6ng nghiep, quan tam giup dong nghiep cung dupe mpt s6' cOng nhan quan tam, nhung ty le khong cao (chi ehie'm 17,9% s6' lupt cpng nhan lira chpn) Didu dang noi cs day la gia tri dat gSn vdi hanh phiie gia dinh khpng dupe nhieu cpng nhan de cap ddn (chi khoang 7,8% stf lupt cOng nhan lira chon) Nhiing ye'u tp' lien quan de'n ky luat lao dpng, cha'p hanh tot npi quy ciia CO quan, khong bi nhae nh6, kidm didm ducmg nhu it dupe eong nhan quan tam (ehi khoang 4,7% s6' lupt eong nhan lira chpn) Nhu vay, each nhin nhan eiia cOng nhan nu6c ta, ngudi eong nhan dat la nguoi co nang lire chuyen mOn, co nhidu sang kie'n eong viec, tay nghe viing, co trach nhiem dp'i vdi cong viec, yeu nghd, sieng nang, do'i vdi eong viec Quan niem eung kha phil hgp vdi quan niem truydn thp'ng cia ngudi Viet Nam danh gia nhan each ca nhan bao gdm ea pham ,chat dao diic va nang lire chuyen mdn Tuy nhien, eong nhan nhin nhan sir dat nghieng vd ye'u td nang luc Y nghia cia nang lue chuyen mdn dupe edng nhan nhin nhan nhu mdt thudc chu^n dd danh gia mdt ngudi edng nhan dat Tuy nhien, didu quan trpng eSn cd ciia mdt ngudi cdng nhan la y thiic ky luat qua trinh lao dpng lai chua dupe cdng nhan nhin nhan Va'n dd ky luat lao ddng duoc thd hien kha ro net Bp luat Lao dpng Trong Luat Lao dpng cd neu, ky luat lao dpng la nhirng quy dinh vd viec tuan theo thdi gian, cong nghe va didu hanh san xuait, kinh doanh thd hien nOi quy lao dpng Ben canh dd, Luat Lao ddng edn quy dinh, cac doanh nghiep sir diing til 10 lao ddng trd len phai cd ndi quy lao ddng bang van ban Trong npi quy lao dpng phai cd nhiing ndi dung ehi yeu nhu: thdi gian lam viec va thdi gian nghi ngoi; trat tu doanh nghiep; an loan lao ddng, ve sinh lao ddng d noi lam viec; bao ve tai san va bi TAP CHI'TAM Lt HOC, Sd (168), - 2013 mat cdng nghe, kinh doanh eia doanh nghiep; cac hanh vi vi pham ky luat lao dpng, eac hinh thire xir ly ky luat lao ddng va trach nhiem vat chat Ky luat lao dpng ddi vdi ngudi cdng nhan lii Ihirdc tinh thSn trach nhiem, y thilc nghd nghiep cua ngudi cdng nhan Kel quii nghien ciru cung kha tuong ddng vdi mpt nghidn ciiu duoc Vien Tam ly hpc thirc hien nam 2008 tren hon 800 edng nhan tai phd Ha Ndi, Da Nang, Bien Hda Dd lim hidu nhan thire cua ngudi cdng nhan vd y nghia cua ky luat lao ddng ddi vdi hoat ddng cua doanh nghiep, nghidn citu da dua phfim chat ciin thie't hoat ddng nghe nghidp: Hpc va'n cao; Tay nghd vung; Ky luat lao ddng tdt; Yeu nghd; Sang tao Irong cdng viec va yeu cau cdng nhan diinh giii mirc dp uu lien cia lirng phiim chat ddi vdi ngudi cdng nhan Ket qua nghien ciru cho tha'y, ky luat lao dpng chua phai lii yeu td quan nha't ma ngudi cdng nhan hudng tdi (xep vi tri thi 4/5) (La Thj Thu Thiy, 2008) Nhttng diinh gia vd thi ty quan trpng cia cae phiim chat cSn thiet ddi vdi ngudi cPng nhan d tren cho tha'y phan dPng cdng nhan da chiu anh hudng cia quan niem chung eua xa hpi ve vai trd cua hpc va'n va tn thirc sir phai trien xa hpi Khdng thd phii nhan, d mpi lie, moi noi, hpc va'n cao va tri thiic cd y nghia het sue quan trong sir nghiep phat trien xa hdi Tuy nhien ting ITnh virc hoat ddng khac thi sir uu tien cua hpc va'n cao eung nen dupe nhin nhan iheo eae mic dp khac Theo ching Idi, ddi vdi cdng nhan lam viee till cac doanh nghiep, hoc van cao khdng phai la yeu eau quan trpng sd Phdng van sau nhung ngudi lam cdng tac quan ly tai cae doanh nghiep, phiin ddng ho ddu cho rSng va'n dd ma ho quan tam nha't la ky luilt lao ddng va tay nghd cia ngudi cdng nhan, cdn cac yeu td khac xep vi tri sau nd Tham khiio ydu cau tuydn dung edng nhan tai mpt sd doanh nghiep, chung tdi nhan Ihay, hiiu lict cac doanh nghiep thdng bao tuyen dung chi ydu cau trinh dp hpc van Irung hpc phd Ihdng, thiim chi mpi sd linh vuc lao ddng (hoc vac, thp Ihu cdng ) chi ciin hpc vfin Irung hpc co sd la cung cd the duoc tuydn viio liim viec Nhu vay hoe va'n cao khdng phiii la yeu td ciin Ihiet nha't cia ngudi edng nhan dudi mjl eia ciic nhii quiin ly, mil tay nghe vung, ky luat lao dpng, Ihuc hien lot ndi quy, quy dinh eia doanh nghiep mdi la viin de quan trpng ma ngudi s i dung lao ddng quan tam Didu dd eho tha'y ky luat lao ddng ed y nghia vd eung quan trpng mpi linh vuc hoiit ddng va nd cdn dac biet cd y nghia Irong viec lao hidu quii hoai dpng Siin xufit kinh doanh Hau het cac doanh nghiep sau tuydn dung lao ddng deu cd hudng dan cdng nhan hpc tap ndi quy va ky luat lao dpng Dieu dd duge khang djnh 32 TAP CHITAM LY HOC, Sd (168), - 2013 qua phdng va'n cac nha quan ly doanh nghiep, ddng thdi cung dupe khang dinh thdng qua khao sat ngudi cdng nhan, phan ddng (85,3%) cho ring, trudc lam viec tai doanh nghiep, hp da dugc hudng dSn ndi quy va bao hd lao ddng Tuy nhidn, vide nhan thie cua nien cdng nhan vd va'n dd chua thllc su sat thue, dan dd'n tac phong lao dpng va j thie ky luat eia mdt sd nien cdng nhan ehua eao Hay ndi each khae, cpng nhan khd thich nghi vdi tac phong lam vide cdng nghidp Ben canh dd, viec danh gia mdt ngudi cd diit hay khdng khdng ehi dua vao ke't qua cia hoat ddng chuydn mdn, nghd nghidp ma cdn cSn phai dua trdn cdng cudc sd'ng xa hdi va cudc sd'ng gia dinh Ngudi cdng nhan dat ciing khdng nSm ngoai quan niem dd Nhung mau khao sat nay, phSn ldn cdng nhan chua gSn kdt ydu td diit edng viec vdi yeu td hirnh phic gia dinh va chua coi yeu td gia dinh la mdt nhiing tieu chi danh gia vd ngudi cdng nhan Ihanh diil So sanh quan niem cua cdng nhan va doanh nhan ve ngudi dat cho tha'y, cd sir khac biet dang kd quan niem vd sir dirt Ne'u nhu quan niem cia cdng nhan vd ngudi cdng nhan dat chi chi trpng den ydu td nang lue ea nhan thi quan nidm eua doanh nhan vd ngudi doanh nhan diit cho tha'y cd su hai hda giua die va tai, giua yen td ea nhan, yeu td gia dinh va xa hpi, giGa eai chung va eai rieng Ndi mdt each cu thd hon, doanh nhan cho rang, ngudi doanh nhan dat trudc he't phai la ngudi cd hieu qua kinh doanh td't; Thi hai, cd nhung pham chat nhan each nhu quyet doan; nang ddng, sang tao, dam mao hiem; bie't nam bat thdi cp, nhan bie't thdi cudc, nhiiy ben, ban linh, cd chie'n lupc kinh doanh rd rang; Thi ba, cd trinh dp chuyen mdn, cd trinh dp quan ly, cd kinh nghidm, cd kie'n thic Thi tu, bidt pha'n da'u vi cdng ddng, VI xa hdi, bie't dat Igi ich cdng ddng, Ipi ich xa hdi len Ipi ich ca nhan va Ipi ich doanh nghiep; ed ddng gdp nhidu cho xa hdi, ed anh hudng tdi xa hdi, ; Thi nam, bie't tdn trpng moi ngudi, biet cham lo cho ngudi lao ddng, tao cdng an viec lam cho hp, biet s i dung ngudi dudi quydn, hoa ddng cung cap dudi ; Thi sau, duoc xa hdi Ihia nhan: cd dao die, cd ldi sd'ng lanh mjinh, cd luong tam, cd uy tin ca nhan, dupe xa hdi kinh trpng, duoc nhieu ngudi biel den, duge can bd nhan vidn ing hd Thi bay, cd gia dinh hanh phuc (Le Thi Thanh Huong, 2012) Trong dd, ddi vdi cdng nhan, dai da sd nhung ngudi duge khiio sat ddu cho rSng, nang lire chuyen mdn ehie'm vi tri quan trpng bac nha't dd danh gia mdt ngudi cdng nhSn dat Chi'nh vi the, mdt sd miu hinh cdng nhan dirt dupe nhidu cdng nhan hudng de'n la: Miu hinh edng nhan via hpc via lam Miu hinh cdng nhan nd lire cd gang dd thay ddi sd phan Miu hinh cdng nhan nang ddng, gioi cdng vide chuyen mdn TAP CHi TAM LY HOC, Sd (168), - 2013 33 Ve mau hinh eong nhdn viia hgc vita Idm: Cd the noi, via hoc via lam hien dang dupe mpt bd phan cdng nhan thuc hien Nhung cdng nhan khdng cam chiu sd phan eua minh ma ludn ed y thic pha'n da'u, hpc tap dd nang eao Irinh dp cia ban than, cd biing cii'p dd mong mud'n cd thd Ihay ddi dupe sd phiin Cd Ihd ndu mdt vai Irudng hpp didn hinh sau day: Truilng hgp 1: N.T.P.D que d Thiii Nguyen Do gia dinh khd khan ndn sau lot nghiep Irung hpc CO sd D rdi que huong vao phd Hd Chi Minh Iim vide Mdi 17 ludi, ehua du dd cd the trd thiinh lao ddng chi'nh thic nen D lam thdi vu mdt eo s6 may Mpt nam sau, D nop hd so vao lam eho Cdng Iy TNHH Juki Viet Nam Lic nay, y nghi di hpc bat dau nhen nhdm diiu D Mpi nam sau, D xin hpc bd tic van hda C i gid 30 sang vao ca, de'n 17 gid 30 tan ca, D tai tii diip xe di hpc den 21 gid 45 mdi tan Idp Vdi mic luong chua de'n 1,5 IriSu ddng/Ihang, D phai chat chiu ling dong dd cd lien hpc, tien chi lieu ca nhan va gii ve chil it eho gia dinh Sau Id'l nghiep Irung hpc phd Ihdng, D Iie'p tuc Ihi vao trudng Cao dang Kinh Ie ddi ngofii phd Hd Chi Minh Trd Ihanh sinh vien, D hpc kha, ma'y hpc ky lidn dupe nhan hoc bdng cua Quy Hd Iro cdng nhan D cdn duge sir hd trg t i phi'a cdng ty, dugc tiio moi didu kien vd thdi gian dd ed thd de'n trudng ddu dan (ngudn Bao Tudi tre) Trudng hpp 2: N.V.K, que Hung Yen cdng nhin van hanh may cua mdt cdng Iy san xua't gia'y b quan Tan Binh, Ihanh phd Hd Chi Minh K nung na'u udc mo di hoc l i lau nhung mai de'n tudi 30 mdi thuc hien dugc K Ihi dd vao Irudng Cao diing Kinh tc Hdng Bang va trd Ihanh sinh vien Thdi gian lam vi^c cua K Ii gid sang de'n 18 gid, Irong dd gid hgc la t i 18 gid Vi the, mdi lan tan ca^ K khdng kip an udng ma vdi va de'n tru&ng Di cd cd gang lim anh cung bj tri it nhiit la 20 phit Ban dau eung bi khidn trach nhung hidu rd cdng viec cia K thiiy cd thdng eiim cho anh dugc phdp di trd ma khong cin phai Irinh bay ly (ngudn Biio Tudi Ire) Ve mdu hinh cdng nhdn ludn nd life cd gdng nhdm thay ddi sdphdn: vdi mau hinh nay, mpt sd ngudi co xuiit than Ii cdng nhan da nd luc, cd ging via liim via hpc, ke't quii la cd ngudi da trd Ihanh chu doanh nghiep, mdt sd khac trd Ihiinh giao vien di day hpc cho cdng nhan Tuy nhien, nhung tim gugng ciing khdng nhidu Dudi day la mdt sd truong hgp didn hinh Trudng hgp 1: P.T.M Ii mdt cd cdng nhiin trd cd giao Que d Long An len Ihinh phd Hd Chi Minh hoc Irung cip tin hpc ke toiin nam 2003 Nha ngheo lai ddng anh em nen M via hoc via di diiy kem kiem sd'ng Nam 2004, sau tdt nghiep M xin vao lam cdng nhan tiii bd phan xuat nhap kho cua Cdng ty Pou Yuen, M tam sir: "Mol hdm Idi thdy mgt cdng nhdn gdn ludi ^4 TAP CHI'TAM Lf HOC, Sd (168), - 2013 chil minh bi ngudi qudn ly nude ngodi la mdng rdt tdi nghiep TudUng tdi hinh dung: ngdy ndo dd gid di 161 se Id ehii edng nhdn tgi nghiep Vdy nen toi quyet tdm di hgc tiep" M thi vao he eao ding Tru6ng dai hpc Marketing, via lam ePng nhan via hpc Td't nghidp, M xin dupe viec ke loan Cdng ty vang bac dii quy An Phi Ddng Via lam M via hpc tiep dd la'y bing diii hoe Sau idl nghidp vao nam 2008, M dugc nhan vao lam ke loan trudng cia Trudng Irung cap Kinh te' ky thuat Phugng Ddng Ddn 2009, cd chuydn sang lam giao vidn Trudng trung ciip Kinh Ie Viin Tu&ng Vi cung li niim diu tien M ding trdn buc giing day hpc cho cac ban cdng nhin d cac lap ban dem M tam su: "Minh thudng tdm su vdi cde hgn cdng nhdn di hgc rdng neu di hoc ndng cao, cd them kien thilc, ed dugc nhieu mdi quan he vo hgi sedd ddng kiem sdng han gap su thay ddi ndo dd" Nhidu edng nhan di hpc ban ddm xem cd giio P.T.M via la thiy via la ban Vdi cac ban edng nhan di hpc, ed M ludn danh cho hp mdi quan tam die biet Cd tim sir: "Minh trudc ddy cimg eanh cdng nhdn vdi ede bgn nen hitfu nhftng khd khdn eiia mdt cdng nhdn di hgc Thd nen cd khd ndng giup duge thi minh giup" (ngudn: Bao Tudi Ire) Trudng hgp 2: Cdng nhan N.Q.V.H trd Ihanh giam ddc Hgc hel Irung hpc phd thdng, N.Q.V.H (que An Giang) len Ihanh phd Hd Chi Minh theo hoc trung ea'p thuy sin Nha ngheo nen via hgc H via di giao hang d chg, rdi lam cdng nhan kiem tidn trang trii cudc sd'ng Tdt nghiep trung ci'p, H vd que lim cdng nhin ky thuat mpt nha may ddng lanh thuy sin Tha'y canh mdt sd nguoi khdng gidi chuydn mdn nhu minh nhung lai dupe cit nhic lim quan ly, H nhan canh cua dd minh vuon len hep qua va quye't tam di hoc tie'p H thi vio nginh cdng nghe nhiet liinh Trudng Djii hpc Thiy sin Nha Trang (eP sd phd Hd Chi Minh) Thdi gian H Iy lam thp lip diit dien lanh va thiet bi gia dung H tim sir: "Nhieu hom di hgc xong Id chgy den cong trinh Idm dem cho kip Uen dp, ve den nhd dd gid sdng Cd lite ciing mudn dirng hgc, tap trung ldm vi nghT vdt vd nhu vdy khdng biel sau ndy cd duge gi khdng, nhung suy xet ky thi sdng mai lai di hgc tidp" Ra trudng, H mdt lan nua lim edng nhan ky thuat d Cdng ty Dich vu dia dc Sai Gdn Trong qua trinh lam viee tai day, H hpc dupe them nhidu kinh nghiem vd xir ly he thdng nude thai, chieu sang, dien knh Thing 4/2008, tha'y minh da cing cap vdi nghd, H cing nhdm ban lap Cdng ty An Hung Phat T i siu ngudi ban diu, den cdng ty da md them duge hai chi nhinh nua vdi dpi ngu nhin viSn gan 50 ngu&i (ngudn Bao Tudi Ire 11/12/2009) TAP CHI TAM L? HOC, Sd (168), - 2013 35 Bdn canh miu hinh edng nhin via hoc via lim, nd lire cd ging dd thay ddi sd phan thi mdt hp phdn khdng nho cdng nhdn nang dpng, sang tao, cd tay nghe cao Day chinh la miu hinh cdng nhan thinh dat nia nhidu ngudi hudng de'n Hang nam, cac doanh nghidp, cie td chic, doan thd deu cd nhitag cupc thi tay nghd danh cho cdng nhan Ciic cupe thi niy thu hit dugc ddng dao cdng nhan Iham gia Nhidu cdng nhin khdng chi dat tich cao eac cudc thi nude, ma cdn dat thinh ti'ch eao pham vi khu vuc Ddng Nam A, dua vi the cdng nhin Viet Nam sinh kjp vdi cac nude khu vyc vi the gidi Nhieu cOng nhan Ihd hien ldng ydu nghd, cham chit vdi nghd, cd nhidu sing kidn cai tie'n ky thuill, lam tang doanh thu, dem lai Igi ich cho doanh nghiep Don ci, trudng hpp cia D.V.S, cPng nhin xi nghiep xep dd hang hda tai Hai Phdng, nam nao cung cd sing kidn eai tie'n ky thuat hgp ly hda sin xuit nhu: Giii phip nhim tang tudi thp va tiet kiem cip; Giii phap sia ehua true truyen ddng cua khung ciu container bin Iy ddng bj gay Didu ding trin Irpng hon la Irong qua trinh lim viec, anh da khdng giir "bi quyet" thinh edng rieng cho minh, ma ludn giip anh em ddng nghidp cing tie'n bp (ngudn http://cdhanghaivn.org.vn/250/nguoi-to-truong-eo-nhieu-sang-kien/) Nhu vay ed the Ihay, dinh gia vd ngudi cdng nhin diit, da sd edng nhan nha'n manh nhidu den cic ye'u td ning lyc lam vide, trach nhiem ddi vdl cdng viec, kien thic, thdng minh, hoan Ihanh td't cdng viec, sing kidn, sing tao, lay nghd cao, yeu nghd, can ci, ehju khd, thu vdi cdng viec, sidng nang, tan tuy, cd y Ihuc vdi cdng viec Ve eo ban quan nidm phu hpp vdi quan niem truyen Ihdng cia ngudi din Viet Nam xem xet yeu td die va tai danh gii vd nhin each cia mpt ngu&i Tuy nhien, neu quan niem vd su thinh dat cin nhin mirnh them ydu to trich nhiem ddi vdi gia dinh, xi hdi vi ye'u td ky luit lao dpng thi quan niem dd mdi diy du vi trpn ven Cd mdt sd miu hinh cdng nhan dirt dupe nhidu edng nhan ung hd dd la miu hinh cdng nhan via hpc via lam, miu hinh cdng nhan nd lue cd ging, sang tiio cdng viec va miu hinh cdng nhin mudn vuon ldn lim thay ddi sd phan cia ban than Rit tide, nhttng miu hinh edng nhan dat nhu vay kha khidm ton so vdi dpi ngu gin mudi trieu edng nhin lao ddng d nude ta hien Ne'u nhttng miu hinh niiy dupe nhan rdng, dugc phit huy ddng dao cdng nhin se tiio dieu kien tdt dd xay dung dpi ngu cong nhan manh vd sd luong, dam biio vd chit lugng Nam 2010, Quy Hd trp Cdng nhin phd Hd Chi Minh da cho iii ddi Can lac bd Cdng nhin giip thinh dirt Mue dich cua ciu lac bd la td chic cic budi gap go cdng nhan nhim chia se kinh nghiem, cich lim viec hudng den diit theo phuong thic "ban giip birin" Cau lire bd cung cd ging hd tip cdng nhan ed eg hdi di hpc, ning cao 36 TAPCHITAM LYHOC, Sd (168), - 2013 tay ngh^ Thie't nghT neu m6 hinh duoc nhan r6ng se tao dieu kien d^ co nhigu hon niia c6ng nhfln pha'n da'u de tr6 ngucfi dat Tai lieu tham khao Bao cao tong ket de tai nghiSn ciiu khoa hoc cft'p B6; "NhCfng thay ddi ve mgi idni ly ci^a llianh nien cong nhdn cd xua't thdn lif ndng than dang Idm viec tgi ede khu edn nghiep ddng tren dia hdn thdnh phd', TS La Thi Thu Thuy lam chu nhiem, Vjcn Tam ly hpc chii tri thuc hien nam 2008, Bao cao tdng ket d^ tai nghiSn ciiu khoa hpc ea'p Bo: "Nhifng van de cei hdn eiia nien tri thifc" TS La Thi Thu ThiJy va ThS Nguyin Thi Phifong Hoa d6ng chii nhiem, Vien Tam ly hpc chu tii thuc hifin nam 2011 - 2012 Bao Tuoi tre so 11/12/2009 http://tuoitre.vn/Nhip-song-tre/352498/Cong-nhan-di-hoc%E2%80%94Ky-cuoiTro-thanh-ong-chu.html http://cdhanghaivn.org.vn/250/nguoi-to-truong-co-nhieu-sang-kien/ Le Thi Thanh Hucfng, TtfOng c/iian giffa mgi sd ddc diem nhdn each eita doanh nhdn vd dong ea thdnh dgt ctia hg Tap chi Tam ly hpc, so 10/2012 Nghi quyet so 20-NQ/TL)', "Ve liep tuc xdy difng giai edp cong nhdn Viet Nam thd ky ddy mgnh cdng nghiep hda, hien dgi hda ddt nicdc" TAPCHf TAM LV HOC S5' (168), 3-2013 37