On food and cooking the science and lore of the kitchen ( PDFDrive ) 704

accelerated by high temperatures, so a lighter color can be obtained by drying the grapes in the shade Golden raisins are made by treating the grapes with antioxidant sulfur dioxide and drying them mechanically at controlled temperatures and humidities; the result is a much fruitier, lighter flavor Zante “currants” are made from the small black Corinth grape, and are tarter than ordinary raisins thanks to their higher proportion of skin to pulp Verjus and Saba Two ancient grape preparations make versatile ingredients in the kitchen Fruits thinned six to eight weeks before the main harvest are crushed and filtered to produce verjus, a tart alternative to vinegar or lemon juice, slightly sweet, with a delicate green aroma And ripe grapes are cooked down to a thick, sweet-tart, aromatic syrup (Roman sapa, Italian saba or mosto cotto, Turkish pekmez, Arab dibs) Like syrups from other fruit (pomegranates), grape syrup was an important sweetener in the times before cheap table sugar, but provides tartness and aroma as well as sweetness It’s thought that balsamic vinegar may have evolved from grape syrup that was kept long enough to ferment (p 775) Kiwi “Kiwi” fruit is the name that New Zealand producers came up with for the striking, tart berry of a Chinese vine, Actinidia deliciosa, when they pioneered its international marketing in the 1970s Several other species of Actinidia are now also cultivated, including the yellow-to-redfleshed A chinensis Kiwi fruit are unusual in appearance and ripening behavior Their thin, hairy skin doesn’t change color during ripening, and the translucent inner flesh is green with chlorophyll, with as many as 1,500 small black seeds embedded in a ring and connected to the core by white rays of vascular tissue (There are also chlorophyll- ... ferment (p 775) Kiwi “Kiwi” fruit is the name that New Zealand producers came up with for the striking, tart berry of a Chinese vine, Actinidia deliciosa, when they pioneered its international marketing... ripening, and the translucent inner flesh is green with chlorophyll, with as many as 1,500 small black seeds embedded in a ring and connected to the core by white rays of vascular tissue (There are... marketing in the 1970s Several other species of Actinidia are now also cultivated, including the yellow-to-redfleshed A chinensis Kiwi fruit are unusual in appearance and ripening behavior Their thin,