Collecting Wildlife 205 deviant attitudes towards animals are ingrained in some aspects of Western society where masculinities and the social acceptance of male power influence the extent to which male violence and perspectives on male dominance are generally accepted as social norms But excessive use of violence is criminalised, remaining socially unacceptable and subject to sanction However within such societal constructs, certain males will naturally be attracted to activities which emphasise the expression of male power and male behaviours (Harland et al 2005; Kimmel et al 2005) Big game hunting, for example, sometimes places the hunter at personal risk and incorporates a range of stereotypical male behaviours relating to aggression, dominance and the thrill of chasing after an animal in its natural environment where nominally, at least, it should have the upper hand (Nurse 2013a) Contemporary environmental and wildlife protection legislation has criminalised activities such as egg collecting (illegal in the UK since 1954) and strictly regulates the possession of dead animals, parts and derivatives via both international legislation such as the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of wild fauna and flora (CITES) and domestic (national) conservation and animal protection policies Accordingly, those wishing to continue with such activities engage in stereotypical male activities via their resistance to control Understanding the psychology of offenders, the socio-economic pressures that affect them and the sociological and cultural issues that impact on behaviour greatly aids understanding of what needs to be done to address criminal and deviant behaviours (Becker 1963) and the conditions that lead to animal abuse Previous research (Nurse 2013a) identifies that animal offenders are not a homogenous group and that a range of offender types and offending behaviour exist in the area of animal harm Thus, some animal harm offences are motivated by purely financial considerations, some by economic or employment constraints (Roberts et al 2001, p 27) Others are motivated by predisposition towards some elements of the activity such as collecting; or exercising power over animals or the need to control others via the threat of harm to animals (Nurse 2013a) Via case studies of egg collecting and taxidermy and trophy collection this chapter examines anthropogenic commodification of animal parts and derivates and looks both at the causes of animal collecting and the nature of collecting as animal abuse It also examines some issues concerning the prevalence of collecting activity and societal and law enforcement responses But in doing so, notes that collecting as animal abuse is very much on the fringes of policing animal abuse and is poorly monitored, although this chapter argues that