Laboratory Investigations of Submerged Flow in Selected Parshall

Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Reports Utah Water Research Laboratory 1-1966 Laboratory Investigations of Submerged Flow in Selected Parshall Flumes M Leon Hyatt Gaylord V Skogerboe Keith O Egglestron Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/water_rep Part of the Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons, and the Water Resource Management Commons Recommended Citation Hyatt, M Leon; Skogerboe, Gaylord V.; and Egglestron, Keith O., "Laboratory Investigations of Submerged Flow in Selected Parshall Flumes" (1966) Reports Paper 380 https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/water_rep/380 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Utah Water Research Laboratory at DigitalCommons@USU It has been accepted for inclusion in Reports by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU For more information, please contact digitalcommons@usu.edu LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS OF SUBMERGED FLOW IN SELECTED PARSHALL FLUMES Prepared by M Leon Hyatt Gaylord V Skogerboe Keith O Eggleston TC Utah Water Research Laboratory College of Engineering Utah State University Logan, Utah 175 H92x 1966 January 1966 Report PR-WR6-6 LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS OF SUBMERGED FLOW IN SELECTED PARSHALL ff'r~tJMES Prepared by M Leon Hyatt Gaylord V Skogerboe Keith O Eggleston Utah Water Resear.ch Laboratory College of Engineering Utah Stat~ University Logan, Utah January 1966 Report PR- WR6 - TABLE OF CONTENTS PURPOSE OF STUDY CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBMERGED FLOW SIX-INCH PARSHALL FLUME Analysis of data ONE-FOOT PARSHALL FLUME 12 Expe r imental fac il it ie s Analys is of data 12 13 FOUR-FOOT PARSHALL FLUME 17 Experimental facilities Analysis of data SIX-FOOT PARSHALL FLUME 17 18 20 Analys is of data 20 CONCLUSIONS 24 REFERENCES 25 APPENDIX A, Submerged flow data collected by Gunaji for -inch Parshall flume 26 APPENDIX B, Data collected by Utah Water Research Laboratory for -foot Parshall flume 30 APPENDIX C, Data collected by Utah Water Research Laboratory for -foot Parshall flume 34 APPENDIX D, Submerged flow data collected by Blaisdell for -foot Parshall flume 36 ii LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page Plan and sectional view of large Parshall measuring flumes Plot of 6-inch Parshall flume submerged flow data Submerged flow calibration curves for 6-inch Parshall flume· 10 Plot of I-foot Parshall flume submerged flow data 14 Submerged flow calibration curves for I-foot Parshall flume 15 Submerged calibration curves for 4-foot Parshall flume with plotted flow data 19 Plot of 6-foot Parshall flume submerged flow data 21 Submerged flow calibration curves for 6-foot Par's hall flume 22 iii LIST OF TABLES Table Page Dimensions and capacities of selected Parshall flumes Submerged flow data for 6-inch Parshall flume 27 Measurements and computation of parameters for I-foot Parshall flume 31 Measurements and computation of parameters for 4-foot Parshall flume 35 Full scale model data for 6-foot Parshall fl ume 37 Half scale model data for 6-foot Parshall flume 38 NO"MENCLA TURE Definition Symbol H a Depth of flow in a Parshall flume measured in the converging inlet section at a ppint two-thirds the length of the entrance section upstream from the flume crest, ft Depth of flow in a Parshall flume measured at a particular referenced point in the throat, ft Q Actual discharge, cfs w Throat width of a Parshall flume, ft iv PURPOSE OF STUDY The primary objective of this study vvas to ascertain from selected sizes of Parshall flumes further proof of the validity of the method of analyzing submerged flow developed at Utah State University The flume sizes selected for study were the standard 6-inch, 1-, 4-, and 6-foot Parshall flumes The data 01 Parshall (1953) was subjected to this method of analyzing submerged flow by Skogerboe, Hyatt, England, Johnson, and Griffin (1965) From this analysis the submerged flow calibration cur.ves were developed for the sizes of Parshall flumes mentioned above However, the authors desire to supplement this work with data collected in the laboratory and other selected sources for further validity of the calibration curves which were previously developed using Parshall's data Data was collected at the Utah Water Research Laboratory for the 1- and 4-foot flumes; the data of F W Blaisdell (1944) was used for the 6-foot flume; and the data of V N Gunaji (1950) was utilized for the analysis of the 6-inch flume The resulting equations and calibration curves are listed in this report Since this study has been made only to provide supplemental information on the submerged flow calibration curves of the 6-inch, 1-, 4-, and 6-foot Parshall flumes, such items as construction, setting, maintenance, and methods for measurements are not considered in this report The authors feel the work by Parshall (1953) is very adequate on these topics and should be referred to by the reader Figure I is a plan and sectional view of a typical Parshall flume, along with a letter for each d imens ion ine Listed in Ta ble I are the values of each dimension for the selected sizes of flumes The size of flume is denoted by its throat-width, designated as W in Table Also shown in Table I is the approximate discharge capacity of each flume, and the location of the flow depth measurement points, Ha and Hb' , E D He Fi L:::2; T 11 3C • A Q B ~ L PLAN r Converging Inlet Section Throa t Diverging Section Outlet G Section Q K Flume Crest ~~- He H SECTION Figure T-T Plan and sectional view of Parshall measuring fluITles i Table Throat Width W ft in Dim.ensions and capacities of selected Parshall flum.es I Free Flow Capacities Dim.ensions in Feet and Inches cfs Max cfs O 00" I 0" 2' 0" l' 6" 4.5 11 311 n 3il 0.05 2.9 4.88 11 2' 0'1 3' 11 3' Oil 9.0" 3" 211 11 0.40 16.0 1614.2511 5' O Oi! 6' 0.00" 4' O 00;1 5' 10.63 11 2' A" 3' a" 3! a" a:! 3" 2il 3" 1,30 68.0 I A B C 2/3 C E D F H G K X y Min I 01 6~ , 11 ' I 11 on 4' 0'1 3.S0 n r 3.51: 2: 0.44" I' 4.31" 21 II ZI 9.Z5 n 2: i o.on 4' 6.00" 3; O.oon 4' I ~~81 00"1 7' 11 O 17' O aOil 4' 00" 6' 10.38 '1 2' on 3' ai' 3' 0'1 0" 3" 211 3" 2.60 - ' ' - - - - - 104"0 - H:: 24 CONCLUSIONS The -inch, 1-, -, and -foot Parshall flum.es were selected as representative sizes for collecting subm.erged flow data Data for the 1- and 4-foot flum.es were collected by the authors at the Utah Water Research Laboratory The data of Gunaji (1950) was used for the 6-inch flum.e, and the data of Blaisdell (1944) was used for the 6foot flum.e The subm.erged flow data of the 6-inch, 1-,4-, and 6-foot Parshall flum.es were analyzed utiliz ing the m.ethod developed by Hyatt (1965) The calibration curves developed from the data of the 1-, 4-, and -foot flum.es showed little, if any, variation when com.pared to the curves developed by Skogerboe, Hyatt, England, Johnson, and Griffin (1965) The transition points of 62, 70, and 74 percent, respectively, were identical with those previously obta ined The subm.erged flow data for the 6-inch Parshall flum.e as reported by Gunaji was found to be com.patible with the findings of Skogerboe, Hyatt, England, Johnson, and Griffin (1965) for lower subm.ergence values (55 to 85 percent) but incom.patible for higher subm.ergence values (85 to 97 percent) Agreem.ent on a transition subm.ergence of 55 percent for the 6-inch flum.e was obtained, however The calibration curves developed for the 6-inch, 1-, 4-, and -foot Parshall flum.es are shown in the report and all further supplem.ent the work previously done 25 REFERENCES Bla isdell, Fred W 1944 Bla isdell on model-prototype conform ity Trans ASCE, 109:157-167 Gunaji, Vasudeo Nagesh 1950 Effect of submergence on discharge of a -inch Parshall flume Unpublished M S Thesis University of Wiscons in Hyatt, M Leon 1965 Design, calibration, and evaluation of a trapezoidal measuring flume by model study M S Thesis; Utah State University, Logan, Utah March Hyatt, M L., and G V Skogerboe 1966~ Evaluation of free and submerged flow data for large Parshall flumes Report PR-WR6-5, Utah Water Research Laboratory~ Utah State University, Logan, Utah January Parshall, R L 1941 Measuring water in irrigation channels Bulletin No 1683, U S Department of Agriculture October Farmers I Parshall, R L 1953 Parshall flumes of large size Reprint Bulletin 386, Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Colorado March Skogerboe, G V., M L Hyatt, J R Johnson, and J D England 1965 Submerged Parshall flumes of small size Report PR - WR6 -1, Utah Water Research Laboratory, Utah State University, Logan, Utah July Skogerboe, G V., M L Hyatt, J D England, and J R Johnson 1965 Submergence in a two -foot Parshall flume Report PR - WR6 -2, Utah Water Research Laboratory, Utah State University, Logan, Utah August Skogerboe, G V., M L Hyatt, J D England, J R Johnson, and R E Griffin 1965 Measuring water with Parshall flumes Utah Water Research Laboratory and Utah Cooperative Extension Service, Utah State University, Logan, Utah November Villemonte, J R., and V N Gunaji 1953 Equation for submerged sharp-crested weirs found applicable to 6-inch Parshall flume Civil Engineering, June 26 APPENDIX A SUBMERGED FLOW DATA COLLECTED BY GUNAJI FOR 6~INCH PARSHALL FLUME 27 Table Q SubITlerged flow data for 6-inch Parshall fluITle H a Hb Hb/Ha ' 0/0 H - H a b O 063 0.063 O 063 O 063 0.063 O III O 123 O 141 O 151 0.167 0.085 0.104 O 129 O 141 0.160 76.6 84.6 91 93.4 95.8 O 026 0.019 0.012 0.010 O 007 0.334 0.334 0.334 0.334 0.620 0.320 0.333 0.362 0.376 0.491 0.169 0.245 0.271 0.294 0.386 52.8 73.6 74.9 78.2 78.7 O 151 O 088 0.091 0.082 0.105 0.620 0.620 0.650 0.650 0.6.50 0.511 0.541 0.485 0.513 o 549 0.437 0.452 0.243 0.439 0.461 85.7 83.5 50.0 85.6 84.0 0.074 0.089 0.242 O 074 0.088 O O O O O 650 650 650 650 650 0.597 0.686 0.753 0.881 0.974 0.521 0.638 0.714 0.854 0.954 87.0 93 94.9 96.6 98.0 O 076 O 048 0.039 0.027 0.020 O 650 O 076 o 076 O 076 o 076 1.080 0.135 0.155 0.174 0.194 O 963 0.074 0.087 O III O 131 89.2 54 56.0 63.8 67.5 O 11 0.061 0.068 O 063 0.063 0.310 0.310 0.310 0.310 0.310 0.303 0.307 0.308 0.320 0.332 O 152 0.178 O 199 0.248 0.252 50.2 58.0 64 77.5 75.9 O 151 0.129 O 109 0.072 0.080 0.310 0.310 0.310 0.310 0.310 0.360 0.371 0.397 0.440 0.478 0.274 0.305 0.339 0.394 0.436 76 82.3 85.5 89.5 91.5 o o 086 066 0.058 0.046 0.042 0.310 0.310 0.310 0.310 0.310 0.516 0.571 0.629 0.673 O 733 0.478 0.537 0.600 0.643 0.705 92.6 94.0 95.5 9.5.7 96.5 0.038 0.034 0.029 0.030 0.028 28 Table (Continued) Q H a Hb Hb/Ha'% H - H a b 0.693 693 0.693 0.690 0.690 0.513 0.5l7 0.522 O 528 0.535 0.340 0.362 0.389 0.414 0.439 66.3 70.0 74.3 78.5 82.0 O 73 O 155 O 133 O 114 0.096 0.690 0.687 0.687 0.68.2 0.682 0.541 0.549 0.578 0.594 0.605 0.452 0.472 0.482 0.493 0.516 83.6 86.0 83.4 83.2 85.5 0.089 0.077 0.096 O 101 0.089 0.678 0.678 0.676 0.676 0.675 0.625 0.641 0.689 0.743 0.766 0.544 0.567 0.626 0.691 0.720 87.0 88.5 91 a 93.2 94.0 O 081 O 074 0.063 0.052 0.046 0.672 0.672 0.671 1.580 1.580 0.801 0.860 0.954 0.858 0.882 0.760 0,825 0,926 0.491 0.622 95.0 96 97,4 57.4 70.5 0.041 0,035 0.028 0,367 0.260 1.580 1.580 1.550 1.550 1.550 0.911 0.961 0.995 1.019 1.044 0.708 0.816 0.877 0.911 948 77.6 84.9 88.2 89.6 90.6 0.203 0.145 118 O 108 0.096 1.550 1.550 1.550 1.520 1.520 1.095 118 141 193 1.251 0.983 1.005 1.033 1.094 169 89.8 90.0 90.5 91.8 93.4 O 112 D 113 0.108 0.099 0.082 1.520 1.520 1.500 1.500 0.220 1.306 1.354 1.426 1.510 0.335 1.229 1.283 1.368 1.459 0.206 94 94.7 96 96 61 15 0.077 0.071 0.0.58 0.051 0.129 0.220 0.220 0.220 2.068 2.068 0.400 0.450 0.490 019 1.043 0.381 0.435 0.478 0.596 0.723 95.4 96.8 97 58,6 69.3 0.019 0.015 0.012 0.423 0.320 29 Table (Continued) =~~~.oe -o.~.~.- Q H a H b Hb /H a' 0/0 H a ~ H b 2.060 2.060 2.060 2.060 2.060 1.086 161 183 220 264 0.855 0.993 1.040 l 092 l 155 78 85 88.0 89 91 0.231 O 168 O 143 0.128 0.109 2.050 2.050 2.050 2.050 2.050 1.302 1.340 1.390 419 1.461 1.200 1.247 1,273 307 359 92 93.0 91 92.2, 93 0.102 0.093 O 11 O 112 O 102 2.050 2.040 2.040 2.040 2.040 1.520 1.580 652 691 731 1.423 1.496 575 1.622 1.664 93.8 94.6 95.3 96 97.4 0.097 0.084 0.077 0.069 0.067 2.020 2.020 750 1.771 1.686 716 96.5 97.0 O OS5 O 064 30 APPENDIX B DA TA COLLECTED BY UTAH WA TER RESEARCH LABORA TOR Y FOR I-FOOT PARSHALL FLUME 31 Table Measurements and computation of parameters for I-foot Par shall flume H Q a Hb Hb/Ha' % H -H b a 1.430 452 1.455 1.462 462 o 536 0.540 0.541 0.547 O 555 0.306 O 364 0.412 0.456 FREE 56.6 67.3 76.1 82.2 0.234 0.177 0.135 0.099 1.460 1.455 1.460 1.455 1.440 0.567 O 592 O 631 0.680 0.724 0.482 o 506 O 574 0.638 0.690 85.0 85.6 91.0 93 95.3 0.085 o 086 0.D57 O 042 0.034 1.440 465 1.455 1.400 430 o 776 O 583 O 567 0.554 0.535 0.754 O 502 0.465 0.420 O 365 97 86 82 75.8 68 0.022 O 08J 0.102 0.134 O 70 1.425 1.427 1.440 1.442 429 o o 536 529 114 o 536 O 532 O )384 O 206 102 O 331 0.316 71 39 98.9 62.0 59.4 0.152 O 323 O 012 O 203 0.216 1.435 530 520 520 520 O 534 0.755 0.762 O 761 0.759 O 351 65 O 183 0.465 0.428 0.406 FREE 61.0 56 53.6 O 297 O 333 O 353 2.525 525 520 525 2.461 0.763 O 768 O 770 0.779 0.795 0.477 O 527 O 558 0.617 O 703 62.5 68.6 72.5 79 88 286 O 241 0.212 O 182 0.092 2.461 2.461 2.461 2.461 2.435 0.795 O 778 O 770 0.882 110 0.685 0.665 0.628 0.807 1.073 86 85.4 81 91.5 96 O 110 O 113 0.142 0.075 O 037 f FLOW FLOW o 32 Table Q H Hb Hb/Ha' % H a - Hb 1.294 98 0.018 FREE FLOW I 182 77.7 80 83.7 O 303 O 273 0.229 1.267 O 951 o 929 0.857 0.824 86 70 68 63 61.0 0.196 0.401 0.422 0.488 O 523 a 2.450 020 090 090 090 312 310 362 090 6.090 6,130 130 160 1.463 352 351 1.345 1.347 290 6.410 980 980 200 1.355 1.356 153 1 51 180 4 4 1 1 1.382 411 (Continued) 059 109 O 789 58 o 566 FREE FREE FREE FLOW FLOW FLOW O 583 49.4 O 597 160 160 169 160 180 O 583 0.614 0.775 0.719 0.888 50 53 65.4 62.0 75.3 O 577 0.546 O 394 0.441 O 292 980 980 980 4.980 4.690 181 198 222 280 1.258 0.859 o 939 018 115 1.146 72.6 78.4 83.4 87.0 91 O 322 O 259 O 204 0.165 O 112 4.690 350 3.340 320 3J 1.373 0.897 0.896 0.899 O 902 251 o o 310 320 3.310 320 320 0.905 O 907 O 914 0.932 O 941 940 980 980 980 980 91 O 122 FREE FREE FLOW FLOW 516 536 57.4 59.4 0.373 O 581 0.605 0.684 0.745 O 780 64 66 O O O O O 74.8 80 82.8 o 366 324 302 230 187 161 33 Table Q H H H a 3.310 300 300 300 300 (Continued) 0.962 1.029 138 304 1.453 b 0.842 O 911 1.049 1.236 1.402 b ,% /H a 87.5 88.6 92 94 96 H -H a b 0.120 O 118 O 089 O 068 O 051 34 APPENDIX C DATA COLLECTED BY UTAH WATER RESEARCH LABORATORY FOR 4-FOOT PARSHALL FLUME 35 Table Measurements and computation of parameters for 4-foot Parshall flume Hb H - H a b Hb/Ha 1.466 1.559 1.732 2.311 1.650 1.093 1.345 1.628 2.262 1.433 0.373 0.214 0.104 0.049 0.217 0.746 0.863 0.939 0.979 0.869 30.50 30.50 8.11 8.01 8.01 1.688 1.937 0.657 0.649 0.654 1.509 1.852 0.490 0.502 0.470 0.179 0.085 0.167 0.147 0.184 0.895 O 966 0.746 O 773 0.719 8.01 8.01 8.01 8.20 0.672 0.763 0.794 0.691 0.586 0.732 O 766 0.605 0.086 0.031 0.028 0.086 0.873 0.960 O 965 0.875 Q H 28.60 28.60 28.40 30.80 30.80 a 36 APPENDIX D SUBMERGED FLOW DATA COLLECTED BY BLAISDELL FOR 6-FOOT PARSHALL FLUME 37 Table Full scale model data for -foot Parshall flume Q H 33.700 33.700 33.700 15.500 15.500 1.2250 1.2430 1.3790 0.7580 0.7880 0.8730 1.0450 1.2670 0.6240 0.6920 84 91, 82.3 87.9 0.3520 0.1980 0.1120 0.1340 0.0960 15.500 15.500 4.060 4.060 4.060 0.8490 0.8920 O 1162 O 1169 O 1183 0.7920 0.8570 0.0588 0.0925 O 1004 93.3 96 50.6 79.1 84.9 0.0570 O 0350 O 0574 O 0244 0.0179 4.060 4.060 4.060 4.060 1.060 O 1196 0.1253 O 1309 0.1455 O 1650 0.1042 O 1152 O 1237 O 1423 0.1553 87 91 94.4 97.8 94.1 0.0154 O 0101 O 0072 0.0022 0.0100 1.060 1.060 0.821 0.821 0.821 0.1410 0.1380 0.1155 0.1178 O 1221 0.1230 O 1140 0.0681 0.0997 0.1095 87.3 82.7 59.0 84.6 89.7 0.0180 O 0240 0.0474 0.0180 0.0126 0.821 0.493 0.493 0.493 0.493 O 1381 0.0843 0.0886 0.0975 O 1041 0.1302 0.0627 0.0798 0.0917 0.0997 94.3 74.4 90.1 94,0 95.8 0.0079 0.0216 0.0088 O 0058 0.0043 a Hb Hb/Ha' % 71.3 H - H a b 38 Table Q Half scale m.odel data for 6-£oot Parshall flum.e, H a Hb Hb/Ha' % H - H a b 131.00 131 00 131 00 131.00 131 00 2.875 2.884 2,892 2.904 2.967 :2 130 2.209 2.2.30 2.300 2.572 74.10 76,60 77 10 79.20 86.70 0.745 O 675 0.662 0.604 O 395 131 00 131.00 49.80 49.80 49.80 3.030 3.105 1.802 1,748 1.695 2.676 2.829 L 667 1.594 1,497 88 30 91 10 92.50 91 20 88 30 0.354 0.276 O 135 0.154 0.198 49.80 49.80 49.80 49.80 49.80 1.663 1.614 1.600 1.581 1.573 1.443 1.4Z0 1.374 1.255 1 75 86.80 88.00 85.90 79.40 74.70 0.220 0.194 0.226 0.326 0.398 49.80 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 1.567 1.009 1.013 1.020 1.025 1.066 0.602 0,692 0.810 0.820 68.00 59,70 79.40 80.00 0.501 0,407 0.321 0,210 0.205 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 1.035 1.045 1.056 1.098 145 0.835 0.825 0.904 0.994 1.075 80.70 78.90 85.65 90.50 93.90 0.220 O 152 0.104 0.070 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 15.00 159 190 193 1.207 0.803 1.098 135 141 1, 153 0.746 94 70 95.40 95.60 95.50 92 90 0.061 0.055 0.052 0.054 0,057 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 0,779 0.765 0.147 O 740 0.733 0.670 0.668 0.631 0.604 0.555 89.80 87.30 84.50 81 60 75.70 0.109 0.097 O 116 O 136 O 78 15.00 15.00 9.86 9.86 9.86 0.730 0.729 0.629 0.616 0.607 0.502 0.456 0.591 0.573 0.557 68.80 O 2~~8 0.273 O 038 0.043 0.050 68.30 62.50 94.00 93.10 91 80 0.200 .. .LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS OF SUBMERGED FLOW IN SELECTED PARSHALL FLUMES Prepared by M Leon Hyatt Gaylord V Skogerboe Keith O Eggleston TC Utah Water Research Laboratory College of Engineering... LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS OF SUBMERGED FLOW IN SELECTED PARSHALL ff'r~tJMES Prepared by M Leon Hyatt Gaylord V Skogerboe Keith O Eggleston Utah Water Resear.ch Laboratory College of Engineering... flume submerged flow data Submerged flow calibration curves for 6-inch Parshall flume· 10 Plot of I-foot Parshall flume submerged flow data 14 Submerged flow calibration curves for I-foot Parshall