Placenta in Congenital Heart Disease Summary Annotated References References 12 Optimizing Prenatal Support of the Mother and Family Abstract Psychological Impact of a Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease What Information Do Parents Want? How Physicians Relay Information Impacts What Is Heard and Understood by Parents Counselor Self-Awareness Is Required to Limit Bias Supporting Families—Practical Considerations Timing of Information Presented to Parents Summary Annotated References References Section 3 General Topics 13 Prevalence of Congenital Cardiac Disease Abstract Introduction Definitions Relevance Critical Appraisal Factors Influencing Estimates of Prevalence Reported Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease Adults With Congenitally Malformed Hearts Annotated References References 14 Economic Implications of Congenital Heart Disease in Developed Countries* Abstract Medical Costs Costs to Patients, Families, and Society (See Also Box 14.1) Nonfinancial Costs Annotated References References 15 Prematurity and Cardiac Disease Transitioning Circulation Physiology of the Postnatal Transition Initial Resuscitation of the Extremely Premature Neonate Regulation of Myocardial Performance Hemodynamic Assessment and Monitoring Cardiovascular Problems Unique to the Preterm Infant Congenitally Malformed Hearts and Prematurity Focused Neonatal Care Nursing Considerations Intraoperative and Surgical Considerations Annotated References References 16 Surgical Techniques Abstract Surgical Approaches to the Heart Materials Strategies for Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Perfusion Conclusions Annotated References References 17 Diagnostic Catheterization, Including Adults With Congenital Cardiac Disease