(Luận văn HV chính sách và phát triển) improving sea freight service for import and export at bach viet transport co , ltd

ACADEMY OF POLICY AND DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND FINANCE GRADUATION THESIS Topic: “ Improving sea freight service for import and export at Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd ” Supervisor: MA Doan Anh Tuan Student: Dang Thi Van Anh Student ID: 5083106529 Class: KTĐN CLC 8.2 Hanoi, June 2021 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLE LIST OF FIRGUES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS INTRODUCTION Reason for choosing topic Purpose and tasks of the research topic Subjects and scope of the research Research Methods 5 Thesis structure CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BASIS OF IMPORT AND EXPORT GOOD DELIVERY ACTIVITIES 1.1 Overview of forwarding 1.2 Forwarding of import and export goods by sea 12 1.3 Criteria to evaluate the results of business activities of import and export freight forwarding services 24 1.4 Service quality 27 1.5 Commonly used service quality assessment model 28 1.6 Factors affecting freight forwarding services by sea 29 CHAPTER 2: SITUATION OF TRANSPORTATION BY SEA AT BACH VIET TRANSPORT COMPANY LIMITED 33 2.1 General introduction at Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd 33 2.2 The forwarding of import and export goods by sea at Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd 40 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 2.3 Business results of freight forwarding services by sea at Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd in the period of 2018 - 2020 48 2.4 Factors affecting freight forwarding activities at Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd 55 2.5 The criteria for evaluating the results of business activities of import and export freight forwarding services 63 2.6 The service quality assessment model that customers often use 68 2.7 General evaluation 76 CHAPTER 3: SOME POWERFUL SOLUTIONS FOR TRANSPORTATION ACTIVITIES BACH VIET TRANSPORT COMPANY LIMITED 82 3.1 Objectives and development orientation of the company in the coming time 82 3.2 Analysis of the company's opportunities and challenges 83 3.3 Some solutions to develop freight forwarding services 87 CONCLUSION 93 REFERENCES 94 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF TABLE No Name Table 2.1 Proportion of revenue by business form (from 2018 to 2020) Table 2.2 Sea freight forwarding market structure Table 2.3 Sea freight commodities structure Table 2.4 The company's volume of freight forwarding for import and export by sea Table 2.5 Number of orders for freight forwarding services by sea at Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd in the period of 2018 -2020 Table 2.6 Percentage of customers using sea freight forwarding services at Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd in the period 2017-2020 Table 2.7 Quotation of charges for a shipment of electronic equipment Table 2.8 The revenue of Bach Viet Transport Company Limited Table 2.9 Costs of Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd from 2018-2020 Table 2.10 Profit of Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd in the period of 2018 2020 Table 2.11 Labor structure of Bach Viet company in 2020 Table 2.12 Capital of Bach Viet Transport Company Limited Table 2.13 Some indicators related to business performance at Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd Table 2.14 The proportion of quality goods delivered at Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd Table 2.15 Reliability statistics table Table 2.16 Statistical table of assurance Table 2.17 Tangible statistics table Table 2.18 Empathy Statistical Table Table 2.19 Response statistics table LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF FIRGUES No Name Figure 1.1 Export delivery process Figure 1.2 Import delivery process Figure 2.1 Logo of Bach Viet Transport Company Limited Figure 2.2 Organizational structure of Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd Figure 2.3 Revenue by business model of Bach Viet Figure 2.4 Import forwarding process Figure 2.5 Export forwarding process Figure 2.6 Operating expenses of Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd Figure 2.7 Bussiness Ratios Figure 2.8 Company market share Figure 2.9 Proportion of damaged and delayed goods in Bach Viet's delivery process, 2017-2020 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS No Abbreviations Explanation of abbreviations B/L Bill of Lading CFS Container Freight Station Co., Ltd Company Limited CUS Customer Support Staff D/O Delivery Order fee DEM Demurrage FCL Full Container Load ICD Inland Container Depot L/C Letter of Credit 10 LCL Less than Container Load 11 OPS Operations 12 ROA Return on Assets 13 ROE Return on Equity 14 ROS Return on Sales LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com INTRODUCTION Reason for choosing topic In the current period of international economic integration, foreign trade activities such as international transactions, international trade in goods, export and import of goods are necessary and should be further promoted In particular, it is impossible not to mention the importance of the logistics industry for import and export activities The development of import and export activities has led to the development of freight forwarding and logistics companies, acting as a bridge between import and export enterprises and logistics and increasing competition between businesses Bach Viet Transport Company Limited is one of the companies in the field of freight forwarding mainly by sea with 16 years of experiences The company is gradually affirming its reputation and service quality to meet the needs of customers in the best way, stand firm and become a leading company in Vietnam in the field of transportation, contributing to building a foreign trade of the country However, Bach Viet also encountered many difficulties in freight forwarding activities by sea such as the unfavorable customs clearance process leading to delayed clearance and delivery time and lost, broken goods Facing the above difficulties, I chose the topic " Improving sea freight service for import and export at Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd " for the thesis topic Purpose and tasks of the research topic • Systematize the theoretical basis of freight forwarding services for import and export by sea • Find out the business situation of freight forwarding by sea at Bach Viet Co., Ltd • Evaluate the operation situation at the company, identify the areas that are achieved, the areas that are still limited • Offering solutions to develop import and export freight forwarding services by sea at Bach Viet Co., Ltd LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Subjects and scope of the research 3.1 Subjects The problems in freight forwarding services for import and export by sea in Vietnam in general and Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd in particular, then find solutions to develop forwarding services at the Company 3.2 Scope of the research - About space: at Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd - About time: learn about import and export goods forwarding by sea at Bach Viet Co., Ltd in the period of 2018 - 2020 Research Methods - Data processing method: the thesis primarily employs statistical methods, analyzing data after it has been synthesized from information provided by company employees, as well as previous studies - Qualitative method: case study (analyzing the current situation at a logistics service company), face-to-face meetings with employees from other departments to extract information relevant to the research content - Comparative method: a method of comparing quantified economic indicators and phenomena with similar content and properties in order to identify trends and volatility levels of indicators Thesis structure In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the main content of the graduation thesis is divided into chapters: Chapter 1: Theoretical basis of import and export goods forwarding activities Chapter 2: Actual situation of freight forwarding by sea at Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd in the period of 2018-2020 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Chapter 3: Solutions to promote freight forwarding by sea at Bach Viet Transport Co., Ltd until 2030 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BASIS OF IMPORT AND EXPORT GOOD DELIVERY ACTIVITIES 1.1 Overview of of forwarding 1.1.1 The definition forwarding According to the model rules of the International Federation of Forwarding Associations (FIATA)1: “Freight Forwarding service is any type of service related to the transportation, consolidation, storage, loading and unloading of goods packaging or distribution of goods and services or in connection with such services including customs, financial, insurance, payment, collection of documents relating to the goods” According to the Commercial Law of Vietnam, Article 163: “The freight forwarding service is a commercial act whereby the person providing the freight forwarding service receives the goods from the sender, organizes the transportation, storage, warehousing, doing paperwork and other related services to deliver the goods to the consignee under the entrustment of the goods owner, the carrier or other forwarding service provider (collectively, the customer)” Thus, in summary: "Freight forwarding is a collection of jobs related to the transportation process in order to move goods from the place of dispatch (shipper) to the place of receipt (consignee) 1.1.2 Characteristics Firstly, because the products of the delivery service are intangible goods, so there is no uniform quality assessment standard, it is impossible to store and store, production and consumption take place at the same time and the recipient is not satisfied service will feel and appreciate the best quality of service Secondly, the delivery service does not create a physical product, it only changes the location of the object in space, but does not technically change the object https://fiata.com/faq.html LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com time, customers changing their plans urgently, making the company not have much time to supplement and repair the set of documents, many customers have debts tax, the company that wants to clear the goods must wait for the Bank's notification that the enterprise has completed its tax payment 81 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CHAPTER 3: SOME POWERFUL SOLUTIONS FOR TRANSPORTATION ACTIVITIES BACH VIET TRANSPORT COMPANY LIMITED 3.1 Objectives and development orientation of the company in the coming time In order to have better development steps in the future and flexibly adapt to the fluctuations of the economy, Bach Viet's board of directors always sets out appropriate strategies and policies in a timely manner The first orientation is focusing on promoting the business of freight forwarding via sea, building a professional process, perfecting and improving the quality of some stages in the process There is close supervision of the following stages right from the beginning of receiving goods from customers and transporting, while preparing documents to customs declaration and storage if necessary These are important stages, there must be a thorough update of information, smooth coordination with each other to avoid unfortunate mistakes that have to be exchanged for money, affecting business performance The second one is that the company will expand the delivery service of a number of high-value goods, special goods that are not yet its strengths, but items that need inspection certificates, export permits (especially medical goods, etc.) economic, technical), classification analysis… These items cannot be handled by all businesses Therefore, delivering more of the above items will help the company attract and retain customers longer, boosting revenue The third one is that continuing to maintain long-term friends in the country, with China and in the ASEAN region Expanding the forwarding market, promoting marketing, especially focusing on the European and American markets, looking for the possibility of expanding the industry For domestic customers, continue to maintain old partners and look for new partners The fourth one is that developing and implementing the business management mechanism, price and commission mechanism, create leverage to promote business, strengthen management to save costs, improve service quality and competitiveness in the market to attract new customers, maintain good relationship with old customers And then train employees to be proficient in foreign trade and soft skills in handling unexpected situations that arise unpredictably at work, regularly have testing sessions for employees to grasp their strengths, their weaknesses to improve, perform better at work Create a 82 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com close coordination relationship between departments in the company's office, between the office and the branch and between the branches together for the common benefit of the whole company 3.2 Analysis of the company's opportunities and challenges 3.2.1 Strengths Simple personnel organization: Currently, Bach Viet's personnel structure includes director, deputy director and departments This single-person organization shows how a dynamic structure can quickly capitalize on market opportunities The structure with few intermediate layers allows for direct and fast communication Therefore, new strategies can be implemented quickly The simplicity of the structure allows to eliminate the troubles in cooperation between departments and individuals that often occur in complex organizations The company's reputation in the shipping industry is because Bach Viet always focuses on improving the quality of services as well as professional services such as customs consulting, import and export entrustment, receipt and delivery of documents Article This helps Bach Viet always provide the best service to customers The company recognized company image Through 16 years of establishment and development of logistics activities, the company has created a continuous value-added chain for customers The company provides logistics solutions including sea and air transportation, supply chain management services, warehousing, cargo clearance, road transport Thanks to that, with strong operations Here, the company has proved its position in the market The ability to capture information: Along with the outstanding development of information technology, technology affirms the important role of information With a young, dynamic workforce, capable of quickly grasping information on import and export markets as well as customer needs and competitive prices of rival companies, Bach Viet quickly dominates the market market in terms of price and service quality 83 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com The company's technology level is quite good, there is wifi covering the whole company Everyone works on the company's system website, easily managing their own customer system, closely linked with other departments Customers always know where their goods are, when the goods leave the port of departure, there will be a notice to leave the port and when the goods arrive at the port of destination, there will be a notice of arrival, in addition, customers can go to Bach Viet's website to follow up REF number or container number There are great resources for suppliers: With a large volume of import and export goods each month, the company springs up with very good contracts with shipping lines such as Maersk, One, COSCO , with better prices than the market The diversity of suppliers helps Bach Viet diversify prices and services, promote the uniqueness of products, thereby easily meeting the needs of customers 3.2.2 Weaknesses Besides the advantages, Bach Viet still has disadvantages in delivery and receive import and export goods that need improvement Firstly, the application of science and technology in many forwarding procedures is still slow, especially in electronic customs declarations, sometimes with errors in tax codes, declaration data Secondly, in the process of checking and preparing documents is sometimes a bit difficult because there are many types of documents, especially for large and complicated orders: contracts, commercial invoices, customs declarations customs, packing slip, certificate of origin, or wrong, invalid, conflicting documents with the goods, sometimes leading to delays in completing customs clearance Thirdly, although the company has a large, dynamic and high-pressure workforce… But most of them are young, not have experience and expertise in solving the difficulties encountered, need a lot of time and effort to practice Fourthly, the company's import entrustment service often encounters many difficulties Every year, the company always renews the source of imported goods The constant innovation makes the company unable to clearly grasp each commodity market, failing to create a high reputation in the international trade market 3.2.3 Opportunity 84 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com In the context of the growing economy, under Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc, the logistics industry in general and freight forwarding by sea in particular are being focused and promoted In particular, the bright spots when participating in the CPTPP Agreement (Full name: Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership) took effect from January 14, 2019 Vietnam is fortunate to be one of 11 countries participating in this agreement, opening up many new opportunities for international business enterprises In addition, with the Vietnam - Europe Trade Agreement (EVFTA) after a period of consideration, it will officially come into effect in 2020, which is a "bump" for the import-export sector and Logistics in our country Summary of the agreement, the EU will apply 0% import-export tax incentives for more than 90% of goods originating from Vietnam And Europe is one of the company's key markets (after China and Asia) and brings great profits Therefore, the industry's development potential is huge, and the Government creates favorable conditions for development, so this is a good opportunity for businesses to break through in the domestic and international markets In fact, most Vietnamese enterprises today have not completed transportation and forwarding services in the true sense, most of them only take on the role of satellites for foreign countries, performing single operations such as carrying out procedures customs or leasing means of transport, etc Therefore, with the company's resources, Bach Viet completely holds the right to decide its own future destiny Human resources of Bach Viet company compared to competitors, although not rich in expertise, have gained a lot of valuable experience However, when the market explodes, the attraction of good human resources also increases, with the scale and professional training process of Bach Viet, this will be an advantage of the business compared to competitors compete 3.2.4 Challenges Low freight rates are always a request from customers, but at the same time, constantly improving the quality of delivery services is always a headache that the management has to solve In general, this is not a problem that Bach Viet alone 85 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com encounters, but also a pressure that any Logistics business must face Therefore, the company needs to take measures to harmonize the interests between the business and the customer, satisfy the customer but still have to ensure the profit to be able to maintain the company's business ability company And of course, in practice, these two things are very difficult to apply in parallel Challenges on management mechanisms and policies and infrastructure: the management of agencies and sectors is still overlapping and inconsistent, so it sometimes causes difficulties for businesses For example, at the time of customs declaration for retail goods, the customs authority requires the goods to arrive at the port to enter the warehouse before making the declaration, but the warehouse side requires a new declaration for the goods to enter the warehouse Logistics market is more and more exciting with many new names appearing, bringing more intense competitive pressure In the situation that the market is heating up, if businesses not keep up with the trend and constantly improve the quality of their services, it will be very easy to be put down by new names and fall behind The serious shortage of logistics personnel is also one of the challenges of Bach Viet in particular and enterprises in the industry in general The Vietnam Logistics Business Association forecasts that it may take about 250,000 highly qualified and qualified workers to meet the upcoming demand However, due to the lack of investment in specialized education in Logistics, the number of people working in the logistics industry and knowledgeable about the law as well as specialized knowledge is still quite small, mainly still doing the wrongdoers industry, not properly trained The US-China trade war offers an opportunity for Vietnam to dominate the export market share to the US, but it also causes some disadvantages to the import-export market of Vietnam There are concerns about China's ability to assemble products and label them "Made in Vietnam" to avoid US tariffs If Vietnam does not strictly control this issue, it is likely that the US will apply similar sanctions as against China or may have stricter 86 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com inspection regulations for Vietnamese goods , causing difficulties for import and export enterprises and affecting logistics service enterprises 3.3 Some solutions to develop freight forwarding services 3.3.1 Solution 1: Expanding the market Market expansion goals With today's fiercely competitive forwarding market, in order to survive and thrive, the company needs to expand the forwarding market This is one of the effective measures for the company to achieve its profit goals and strengthen its position Market expansion plan At the present time, the company reaches out to many international markets, operating mainly in the Chinese market (which is a large market, quite similar in culture and habits to Vietnam, the region in Southeast Asia) However, there are still a number of potential markets that the company has not fully explored such as the Americas, Europe, Africa, South America (such as Mexico, ) Market expansion is a rather complicated job because each market has different characteristics in terms of economy, politics, culture - society, law, customs and traditions This has a great impact on the business environment, social consumer psychology, and greatly affects the company's market penetration and expansion Therefore, in order to expand the market, the company must carry out the following tasks: Strengthen market research: • First of all, the company needs to learn about the customs and laws in that market, what is different from the markets in which the company has been operating Do these differences cause difficulties or obstacles for the work of entering the market and performing freight forwarding work there For example, the US market - the market that the company is strategically expanding in the coming years This is a very demanding market, not only about the needs of the people but especially the provisions of US law It can be said that the US 87 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com legal system is very complex and strict Moreover, each state has its own regulations that are different, so even if you succeed in one contract, you cannot apply those experiences to the next contracts • Besides, it is very important to study the forwarding demand of that market To know if it is a promising market for long-term development, the company must find out what the demand and quantity demanded of the company's services in that market are at, and how it can develop Because maybe a market is in the form of potential but in the future promises to be very developed, if discovered early to penetrate to create a firm foothold, the company will gain a lot of profits Currently, China is an important market of the company, the volume of goods delivered in this market accounts for a large proportion The company is still continuing and digging deeper in this market As for the US and European markets, which are considered to be very promising markets, the company has been gradually establishing relationships to create a solid basis for future business activities • When entering a new market, it is also necessary to research who the company's competitors are Find out how competitive the market is, what strengths and weaknesses your competitors have From there, the company comes up with appropriate strategies to be able to compete in the new market When the above information is complete and accurate, the company can penetrate the market with low cost and high efficiency In addition, with traditional markets, the company must grasp the current needs and the ability to grow in the coming years To what extent can the company meet that need now and how likely will it be to meet that need in the future The services that the company provides in the market have met the needs of customers, should the company expand the range of services, if so, in what direction to maximize the market demand as well as the ability responsiveness of the company In order to obtain the above information, the company should have qualified staff to study and exchange experiences with other domestic and foreign companies, participate in professional training courses 88 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Market penetration • Self penetration The company conducts itself to find and expand its customers on the basis of certain understanding of the customer situation and the market The company's sales department staff will have to visit customers, convince them to use the company's services, and leaders must regularly attend seminars, meetings, and meetings enterprises, thereby creating good relationships with foreign companies, thereby signing forwarding and entrustment contracts To so requires the leadership apparatus to plan the right penetration strategy, the company's staff must have high professional expertise, marketing knowledge, communication and persuasion art customer When entering the market on its own, the company retains the maximum initiative but also has to accept risks because the efforts spent may not immediately yield results • Penetration through intermediaries The most common form of joint venture is with foreign companies, which are already familiar with the markets the company is trying to penetrate When conducting joint ventures and associates, although the company will have to share profits and be in a weaker position, the company can take advantage of the capital and relationships of partners The company will not have to spend time researching the market, groping step by step, but can immediately increase market share while minimizing risks 3.3.2 Solution 2: Improve service quality For import and export freight forwarding by sea, the services that the company is providing are transportation of bulk cargo, full container cargo, consolidation service, delivery from warehouse to warehouse door The company needs to pay more attention to the consolidation service because this is a type of service that brings benefits to many parties: the carrier benefits by saving time in delivery and distribution of odd shipments, without fear of loss collect freight from retail owners because there is a forwarder to take care of it, shippers save costs because they don't have to rent a whole container, forwarders get a lot of revenue because the freight for retail goods is usually larger than 89 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com the freight full container goods Performing this service for a forwarding company is very easy and convenient, as long as the company sets up delivery and packing stations, and is careful and responsible in delivery The company must establish relationships and sign contracts with domestic and foreign shipping lines, airlines, and railway lines to take the initiative in means and seats during the season, closely coordinate transshipment points, branch agents must monitor and promptly notify the schedule and departure time of means of transport, select the appropriate carrier so that when the goods arrive at the transshipment point, they can be timely connected, save seats, keep the space so that the goods not drop In addition, the company should also focus on the expertise and experience of professional staff to build a reputation in the market because we know that to develop this service, the reputation of the company is extremely important important In the process of contract performance, employees of all departments must coordinate skillfully to bring goods to customers quickly, conveniently and at the cheapest cost In particular, field staff should be assigned as soon as the sale closes the booking with the customer, not until the goods arrive, like the current process to help customers check that with this type of goods, the following procedures are needed What documents are required, whether the documents are prepared or not, to reduce the case that it is not until customs are discovered that mistakes are made, which will incur a lot of time and processing costs Sales staff regularly check to see if the customer has signed and sent the contract, has prepared the necessary documents for customs clearance when the goods arrive to avoid customers forgetting This is also a way to make customers feel safe and secure when delivering their shipments to Bach Viet Sales staff often care about the needs of customers, from which they can offer the most optimal implementation plans for customers Having preferential policies with loyal customers, always looking for new customers, periodically organizing seminars between the company and customers with the purpose of promoting new brands and services to customers, sharing Share and listen to customer opinions After-sales customer care: regularly chat and share about life, work, difficulties and joys with customers This is the 90 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com best form of service advertising and the most cost-effective, from which customers can spread the word about the company's services 3.3.3 Solution 3: Improve the quality of human resources Firstly, Bach Viet must regularly create opportunities for employees to participate in foreign trade training courses organized by Customs In addition, the old employee has a lot of experience, so he/she should give enthusiastic instructions to the new employee so that the new employee can quickly adapt to the company, grasp the process and characteristics of the company Secondly, recruiting the right employees for the right jobs, limiting the cost and time spent on training new employees Employees need to recruit more experienced personnel in the after-sales department (Pricing, Cus, Operation), especially customer care because currently the number of hard workers in these departments is only to people per department, not enough to meet the needs that the sales department requires In addition, additional personnel for the accounting department is also needed The company is constantly being urged by customers because the accounting staff is constantly issuing invoices slowly due to too much processing work IT staff also need to be recruited because currently only one person is in charge of this Thirdly, due to the seasonality of logistics activities, in the peak period, the company can recruit more part-time employees to support the main staff to handle the outstanding work, especially the after-sales department row For example, it is possible to recruit more personnel in the customer service department to make contracts, check bills of lading…., the accounting department to assist in checking expenses, making debentures, issuing invoices, etc Ops department at the offices to take orders, process documents… 3.3.4 Solution 4: Reduce costs and increase capital Firstly, Bach Viet needs to find a way to reduce business costs first Currently, the company's service price is made up of many parts such as shipping costs, packing fees, palletizing fees, warehouse rental, customs fees, and many other fees There are also 91 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com many unreasonable fees that need to be adjusted Because the company currently does not have its own warehouse, it has to rent a warehouse, so Bach Viet needs to negotiate with the warehouse to reduce the closing fee Besides, customs expenditure is an indispensable part, so it is necessary to limit it to a minimum The costs incurred higher than normal is due to the wrongdoing by the document staff in preparing documents and customs declaration, which makes it difficult for the forwarder to carry out the delivery Therefore, the preparation of documents must be careful and not cause errors Because when making customs declarations for items such as construction materials are heavy and dangerous goods, project goods need to be on schedule, so it is necessary to prepare a good set of documents Secondly, strengthen the management and control of debt, not let too long limit capital For a principle contract, it is always necessary to provide strict terms on the payment term, debt limit and if there is a breach of the contract, what is the penalty The company should carefully learn about customers (their business and ability to pay), classify customers before deciding how many days to owe them For each type of customer, the company should apply different debt policies For example, it can be divided into customer groups: with reputable and long-term customers, the company can extend more debts and limits, this is also a way to retain customers with the company For small and new customers, the company should apply an advance of about 80% of the amount customers need to pay to avoid the risk of customers breaking, not paying or having long debts, affecting the company's capital company For customers who have a history of slow payment or have a large amount of overdue debt, the company should reduce the debt limit and debt term, regularly urging Although the company has an automatic debt management feature on the system that is very quick and smart, it still needs personnel (it may be the sales staff in charge of that customer combined with the debt accountant) according to closely monitor customer debts, urge them to pay on time The above measures help the company to closely control debts, reduce risks and arising of bad debts, and use capital for other business activities to boost the company's revenue 92 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CONCLUSION Vietnam Logistics market is currently a thriving market with fierce competition in Vietnam Bach Viet Co., Ltd is quite successful in the field of freight forwarding, in which sea transportation is the main activity of the company Over the course of 16 years of establishment so far the company has achieved a lot of success as well as experience many failures Since then, the company has gathered valuable experiences and learned valuable lessons for the company to develop into what it is today When competition in the industry is becoming more and more fierce and intense, it is required that domestic forwarding companies in general and Bach Viet in particular have plans to deal with this Recognizing this, Bach Viet company is also trying to transform, change the quality of service to bring the most satisfaction to customers Especially in freight forwarding for import and export by sea is the strength of the company Import and export revenue by sea has increased steadily over the years and has a high growth rate However, besides that, Bach Viet still faces many difficulties in delivery, especially in terms of customs declaration as well as maintaining internal stability because new employees are often not attached to the company With the knowledge that was equipped at the University along with some knowledge that I have learned during my internship and working time at Bach Viet company, I have delved into the research of ocean freight forwarding activities of the company, but boldly offered some solutions with the desire to contribute to promoting international freight forwarding activities by sea at the company But due to my limited knowledge and experience, this article of mine certainly has many shortcomings I hope to have the guidance and help, suggestions of teachers to help improve this article 93 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com REFERENCES Bộ Công thương, 2019, Báo cáo Logistics Việt Nam 2019 Báo cáo tài cơng ty TNHH Vận Tải Bách Việt 2018, 2019, 2020 Đoàn Thị Hồng Vân (2013), “Quản trị xuất nhập khẩu”, NXB tổng hợp thành phố Hồ Chí Minh “Giao nhận vận tải gì?” https://www.container-transportation.com/giao-nhan-vantai.html Micheal Hugos, 2010 Tinh hoa quản trị chuỗi cung ứng NXB Tổng hợp thành phố Hồ Chí Minh Nguyễn Văn Tiến, 2010 Giáo trình tốn quốc tế tài trợ ngoại thương NXB Thống kê Phạm Mạnh Hiền (2012), “Nghiệp vụ giao nhận vận tải bảo hiểm ngoại thương”, NXB Lao động – xã hội TS Nguyễn Đình Phan (2017), “Giáo trình quản trị chất lượng” , NXB Đại học Kinh tế Quốc dân Quốc Hội (2005), Luật Thương Mại 10 Website Tổng cục thống kê http://www.moit.gov.vn 10 Website Liên đoàn Hiệp hội Giao nhận Vận tải Quốc tế https://fiata.com/ 11 Website Trung Tâm WTO Hội Nhập https://trungtamwto.vn/ 12 Website Công ty TNHH Bách Viêt http://www.bachvietshipping.vn/web/home.aspx 94 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 95 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ... TRANSPORTATION BY SEA AT BACH VIET TRANSPORT COMPANY LIMITED 33 2.1 General introduction at Bach Viet Transport Co. , Ltd 33 2.2 The forwarding of import and export goods by sea at Bach. .. orders for freight forwarding services by sea at Bach Viet Transport Co. , Ltd in the period of 2018 -2020 Table 2.6 Percentage of customers using sea freight forwarding services at Bach Viet Transport. .. clearance and delivery time and lost, broken goods Facing the above difficulties, I chose the topic " Improving sea freight service for import and export at Bach Viet Transport Co. , Ltd " for the