Knowledge-management-on-employees

Knowledge management on employees Introduction A study of this research is on the effects of employee motivation and job satisfaction to CIMB Bank Berhdad CIMB Bank Berhdad is a bank that CIMB Group is Malaysia's second largest financial services provider and one of Southeast Asia's leading universal banking groups Formerly known as Bumiputra-Commerce Holdings Berhad, it has been listed on the Main Board of Bursa Malaysia, the nation's stock exchange since 1987 As at20 November 2009, CIMB Group was the third largest company on Bursa Malaysia with a market capitalisation of approximately RM46.6 billion CIMB Group is also the majority shareholder of Bank CIMB Niaga in Indonesia, and the single largest shareholder of CIMB Thai in Thailand (CIMB, 2010) CIMB Group offers a full range of financial products and services, covering corporate and investment banking, consumer banking, treasury, insurance and asset management We operate our business on a dual banking basis through three main brand entities — CIMB Bank, CIMB Investment Bank and CIMB Islamic — giving customers a choice of both conventional and Islamic solutions (CIMB, 2010) As a regional universal bank, CIMB Group serves everyone from all walks of life in Malaysia and throughout the region, including large regional corporations, domestic listed companies, entrepreneurial start-ups, high net worth individuals, pensioners and children With total staff strength of 36,000, the Group reaches 58% of the ASEAN population, representing 80% of ASEAN's gross domestic product Our retail network of 1,150 branches is the largest in the Southeast Asian region (CIMB, 2010) Headquartered in Kuala Lumpur, CIMB Group's main markets are Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and Singapore, countries in which we have full universal banking capabilities Our presence in 11 countries covers South East Asia and major global financial centres, as well as countries with which our South East Asian customers have significant business and investment dealings (CIMB, 2010) In addition, we extend our regional reach and range of products and services through strategic partnerships Our partners include the Principal Financial Group, Aviva plc, Allianz Malaysia Berhad, AIA Berhad, Sun Life Financial, Mapletree Capital Management, Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Standard Bank plc, Daishin Securities, the Kanoo Group, Malaysia Airlines, International Currency Exchange, EDS, Petronas Dagangan, Proton, Pos Malaysia, 7-11, Singer Malaysia and many more (CIMB, 2010) Problem Statement This research on CIMB BANK BERHAD is will identify the factor that affects of employee motivation and job satisfaction to CIMB BANK BERHAD And to further identify the effects of these strategies Objectives of the research These objectives are paying attention to the problems and objectives that are selected to clarify the intended information and also be able to derive specific information that are not limited by the previous questions This study intended to get the suitable data to help in building the proper assessment This includes: 1.To determine methods that CIMB BANK BERHAD practice to inspire or motivate their employees 2.To determine the accomplished strategies by CIMB BANK BERHAD in giving job satisfaction to their employees 3.To create an appropriate solution for CIMB BANK BERHAD problems Scope of the Study The scope of the study is relied on the employees of CIMB BANK BERHAD This focuses on determine which factors create desirable influence to their employees towards satisfaction And to know what factors of independent variables that could have the greatest impact on employees satisfaction.-studying the factors that lead to employees loyal with CIMB BANK Significance of the Study This research was created to comprehend the significant factors of employees' fulfillment to enable efficiency, quality, service, and loyalty to CIMB BANK Definition of Terms Job Satisfaction Employee Motivation Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory Maslow's hierarchy of needs Research Hypothesis Hypothesis H1: This study shows that adequate salary or monetary income plays a major role in allowing employees to be satisfied in their jobs H0: There is no significant relationship between salary and job satisfaction Hypothesis H1: This study shows that work recognition plays a role to have a sense of importance and motivates employees to work diligently H0: There is no significant relationship between work recognition and job satisfaction Hypothesis H1: This study shows giving professional growth to employees such as trainings, seminars, etc allows employees to have mental growth which they apply to their daily duties as employees H0: There is no significant relationship between professional growth to employee's creativity and development Literary Review Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory Frederick Herzberg's two factor motivation hygiene theory categorizes incentives as being either hygiene factors or motivators Hygiene factors are potentially dissatisfiers—factors associated with the job itself but not intrinsic to it These factors such as salary, job security, administration, interpersonal relations, if not adequate could operate to dissatisfy someone but would not necessarily motivate someone when adequate On the other hand, motivator-factors are directly intrinsic to the job itself and critical in the process of doing the job, including sense of achievement and recognition by colleagues, level of felt responsibility and empowerment are keys to real motivation (Herzberg, 1959) What is essential to understanding this concept is the distinction made between a motivator and a satisfier A satisfier is that factor which, when fulfilled, is enough to get the employee to come to work at all On the upper end, a motivator is that which actively drives the employee to go beyond the minimum standard of simply showing up Herzberg promoted such concepts as Job Enrichment, Job Enlargement, and Job Rotation as potential motivators that worked well for those operating at the higher levels of Maslow's need hierarchy It is important to keep in mind that once an individual has thoroughly pursued a motivator, it is likely to become a hygiene factor, and the search for motivating factors continues (Herzberg, 1959) Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory According to Herzberg, factors causing work satisfaction (motivators) are rather in connection with the content ofwork, while those causing dissatisfaction (hygiene) are in connection with work environment Good examples of the first factors are taking responsibility, career advancement, recognition and the possibility to develop (achievement), while salary, status, inter-personal relations, company policy and administration as well as work conditions are examples of factors of dissatisfaction Hull and Read confirm that quality relationships, that key factor in excellence, are dependent on high levels of trust Yet building trust is a major challenge for many Australian organisations Research suggests that a 'trust deficit' has emerged A loss of trust can be devastating to organisational performance When people no longer have confidence in management, productivity falls, turnover rises, gossip spreads, cynicism sets in, and initiative evaporates But trust is a long term proposition, the result of countless management decisions made over a long period that help employees feel secure about their own and the organisation's future Like confidence in the quality of our graduates it can be lost in an instant yet take years to regain Hull and Read suggest that workplace trust has two dimensions - our views of ourselves (self worth) and our views of others Mapping these on two axes results in four behavioural styles at work Hull and Read believe these were sustained in their research Hull and Read interviewed hundreds of employees at all levels of the selected organisations From these one central factor emerged - the quality of relationships at work: how people relate to each other as friends, colleagues, and co-workers; how they support each other, and help to get the job done They note that "in all our excellent workplaces the atmosphere of mutual trust and respect was overwhelming" But building and maintaining good working relationships is not easy, requiring "constant renewal and reaffirmation by all parties a permanent connection between the manager and the team and between the team members" Indeed, a single word that describes both process and outcome is trust In examining research from the Australian Quality Agency the authors noted that Australian workplace cultures, in their focus on people, differed from other cultures In Germany, the dominant element of Quality is an obsession with Standards In Japan, Quality is the pursuit of Perfection In France, Quality is viewed as Luxury In the United States, Quality means "it works" And in Australia, Quality implies Quality of Relationship First High quality workplace relationships were, in turn, supported by a number of other factors Four factors were particularly important The first was the quality of leadership In excellent workplaces leaders "at all levels were aware of the impact that their behaviour has on the way people feel about the workplace and their job." They recognise that their behaviour sets the example Leaders who behaved as a captain/coach were particularly valued These leaders were available providing support when needed but 'not getting in the way' when they were not Good leaders choose their approach to suit the different needs of their staff, helping out when there was a crisis and allowing trial and learning when there was not In keeping with Australia's egalitarian ethos "supervisors in excellent workplaces often choose not to display the trappings of their position." Most importantly they inspired trust The research demonstrated, too, that essential to quality leadership is the communication of clear values that become intrinsic to the way business is done They "influenced the way people related to each other thereby in turn helping to generate the quality working relationships" In this environment the inevitable dilemmas, conflicts and competing priorities can be immediately and openly discussed In excellent workplaces managers "really practice what they preach" And building this environment of shared values and trust starts with comprehensive induction Excellent workplaces, too, are marked by a sense of common goals and objectives where workers support each other and show respect for one another People have the skills to their jobs and seek to develop these skills further They have the confidence to have a say about how the work is done They are encouraged by a management style that is open to new and different ways of working and values diversity This is not seen as a way to exercise power but rather to 'add value' People are encouraged to operate with some autonomy Of course some managers feel uncomfortable with giving their employees a high degree of independence but it is a feature of excellent workplaces Excellent workplaces are also safe workplaces, where people care for the well being of their colleagues and are committed to safe practices - not just formal policies and manuals In such environments a culture of safety, including the psychological safety of a respectful workplace, develops that all staff are able to share None of these factors operates in isolation Together they build a culture that further enhances the quality of working relationships The research suggests that excellent workplaces must have all fifteen 'drivers' present although they combine in unique ways There is a form of hierarchy with one set of factors building upon Frederick Herzberg's two factor motivation hygiene theory categorizes incentives as being either hygiene factors or motivators Hygiene factors are potentially dissatisfiers—factors associated with the job itself but not intrinsic to it These factors such as salary, job security, administration, interpersonal relations, if not adequate could operate to dissatisfy someone but would not necessarily motivate someone when adequate On the other hand, motivator-factors are directly intrinsic to the job itself and critical in the process of doing the job, including sense of achievement and recognition by colleagues, level of felt responsibility and empowerment are keys to real motivation (Herzberg, 1959) What is essential to understanding this concept is the distinction made between a motivator and a satisfier A satisfier is that factor which, when fulfilled, is enough to get the employee to come to work at all On the upper end, a motivator is that which actively drives the employee to go beyond the minimum standard of simply showing up Herzberg promoted such concepts as Job Enrichment, Job Enlargement, and Job Rotation as potential motivators that worked well for those operating at the higher levels of Maslow's need hierarchy It is important to keep in mind that once an individual has thoroughly pursued a motivator, it is likely to become a hygiene factor, and the search for motivating factors continues (Herzberg, 1959) Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory According to Herzberg, factors causing work satisfaction (motivators) are rather in connection with the content ofwork, while those causing dissatisfaction (hygiene) are in connection with work environment Good examples of the first factors are taking responsibility, career advancement, recognition and the possibility to develop (achievement), while salary, status, interpersonal relations, company policy and administration as well as work conditions are examples of factors of dissatisfaction Hull and Read confirm that quality relationships, that key factor in excellence, are dependent on high levels of trust Yet building trust is a major challenge for many Australian organisations Research suggests that a 'trust deficit' has emerged A loss of trust can be devastating to organisational performance When people no longer have confidence in management, productivity falls, turnover rises, gossip spreads, cynicism sets in, and initiative evaporates But trust is a long term proposition, the result of countless management decisions made over a long period that help employees feel secure about their own and the organisation's future Like confidence in the quality of our graduates it can be lost in an instant yet take years to regain Hull and Read suggest that workplace trust has two dimensions - our views of ourselves (self worth) and our views of others Mapping these on two axes results in four behavioural styles at work Hull and Read believe these were sustained in their research Hull and Read interviewed hundreds of employees at all levels of the selected organisations From these one central factor emerged - the quality of relationships at work: how people relate to each other as friends, colleagues, and co-workers; how they support each other, and help to get the job done They note that "in all our excellent workplaces the atmosphere of mutual trust and respect was overwhelming" But building and maintaining good working relationships is not easy, requiring "constant renewal and reaffirmation by all parties a permanent connection between the manager and the team and between the team members" Indeed, a single word that describes both process and outcome is trust In examining research from the Australian Quality Agency the authors noted that Australian workplace cultures, in their focus on people, differed from other cultures In Germany, the dominant element of Quality is an obsession with Standards In Japan, Quality is the pursuit of Perfection In France, Quality is viewed as Luxury In the United States, Quality means "it works" And in Australia, Quality implies Quality of Relationship First High quality workplace relationships were, in turn, supported by a number of other factors Four factors were particularly important The first was the quality of leadership In excellent workplaces leaders "at all levels were aware of the impact that their behaviour has on the way people feel about the workplace and their job." They recognise that their behaviour sets the example Leaders who behaved as a captain/coach were particularly valued These leaders were available providing support when needed but 'not getting in the way' when they were not Good leaders choose their approach to suit the different needs of their staff, helping out when there was a crisis and allowing trial and learning when there was not In keeping with Australia's egalitarian ethos "supervisors in excellent workplaces often choose not to display the trappings of their position." Most importantly they inspired trust The research demonstrated, too, that essential to quality leadership is the communication of clear values that become intrinsic to the way business is done They "influenced the way people related to each other thereby in turn helping to generate the quality working relationships" In this environment the inevitable dilemmas, conflicts and competing priorities can be immediately and openly discussed In excellent workplaces managers "really practice what they preach" And building this environment of shared values and trust starts with comprehensive induction Excellent workplaces, too, are marked by a sense of common goals and objectives where workers support each other and show respect for one another People have the skills to their jobs and seek to develop these skills further They have the confidence to have a say about how the work is done They are encouraged by a management style that is open to new and different ways of working and values diversity This is not seen as a way to exercise power but rather to 'add value' People are encouraged to operate with some autonomy Of course some managers feel uncomfortable with giving their employees a high degree of independence but it is a feature of excellent workplaces Excellent workplaces are also safe workplaces, where people care for the well being of their colleagues and are committed to safe practices - not just formal policies and manuals In such environments a culture of safety, including the psychological safety of a respectful workplace, develops that all staff are able to share None of these factors operates in isolation Together they build a culture that further enhances the quality of working relationships The research suggests that excellent workplaces must have all fifteen 'drivers' present although they combine in unique ways There is a form of hierarchy with one set of factors building upon Adult learners are often characterized as learning-oriented and goal-oriented Based on the results of this study, these characteristics seemed to be related to the satisfactiondissatisfaction profiles of e-learners The most frequently stated satisfying factors were learning-oriented factors such as interesting and relevant learning content, effective teaching methods, instructor's expertise, and effective learning activities; and the most frequently stated dissatisfying factors were goal-related factors such as unclear directions or expectations that caused confusion or frustration while trying to accomplish their goals Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Current risk organization theory and standards have the same opinion that not all risk is bad Most of these include opportunity alongside threats within the meaning of risk, and they wait for the risk process to speak to both opportunity and threats justifiably, proactively and efficiently However current risk management rehearsal still focuses on intimidation Managing chance through the risk procedure is often seen either as an not obligatory extra, or as only for advanced practitioners, or as just plain wrong Why is this? This paper draws on human motivation theory (Maslow) and the latest ideas in information science (memetics) to explain the discrepancy It also proposes practical solutions to promote management of opportunity within the risk process Maslow's "hierarchy of needs" seeks to explain human motivation, and proposes a layered series of motivators ranging from survival to self-actualisation Applying this framework to risk management reveals why individuals and organisations think first about threats, and why they see opportunities as optional extras to be addressed later if at all Memetics suggests that ideas (or "memes") can be seen as packets of information which self-replicate like genes According to this theory, the "risk is bad" meme appears to be better adapted to the current environment maslow's hierarchy of needs diagramthan the "risk includes both threat and opportunity" meme The paper describes how to motivate project teams and organisations to address opportunity based on Maslow's theory, and how to enhance the competitiveness of the threat-plus-opportunity meme through memetic engineering Applying these solutions will strengthen the ability to address opportunities through the risk process, bringing practice into line with theory Despite these different means of gratification, our common desire for love makes us brothers or sisters under Over ten years ago, a debate arose within the project risk management community concerning the nature of the types of risk to be managed within the scope of the project risk management process (summarised in Hulett et al, 2002) Until then project risk had been seen as exclusively negative, defined in terms of uncertain events which could result in loss, harm, delay, additional cost etc, with "risk" being synonymous with "threat" This definition reflected the secular definitions found in non-technical dictionaries (for example Collins, 1979) From the late 1990's project management professionals began to realise that there were other types of uncertainty that mattered Sometimes good things might occur on a project which would result in saved time or reduced cost, or which would enhance productivity or performance Such "opportunities" could be brought under the existing definition of risk by simply expanding the types of impact to include positive as well as negative effects This resulted in a change in approach by a number of organisations, including the Project Management Institute (PMI®) The Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBoK® Guide, 2000 Edition) adopted a definition of project risk as "an uncertain event or condition that, if it occurs, has a positive or negative effect on a project objective." (Project Management Institute, 2000) This broader definition has been retained in the current PMBoK Guide and PMI's Combined Standards Glossary (Project Management Institute, 2004, 2005) It is also reflected in a number of other leading standards, both in the project management area (for example Association for Project Management, 2004, 2006) as well as in more general risk standards (Australian/New Zealand Standard, 2004; Institution of Civil Engineers et al, 2005; Institute of Risk Management et al, 2002; Office of Government Commerce, 2007) The forthcoming ISO risk management standard is also expected to adopt a similar position The use of the project risk process to manage both upside and downside risk is not only embodied in a wide range of standards, but it has been described in textbooks as "good practice" (for example Chapman & Ward, 2003; Hillson, 2004; Cooper et al., 2004; Hillson & Simon, 2007) There are a number of benefits available to those who include opportunities in the risk process (see figure 1) The first potential explanatory framework for why organisations might find it hard to address opportunities as part of their risk management process comes from the work of Abraham Maslow on human motivation, as encapsulated in his "hierarchy of needs" (Maslow, 1943, 1987) He postulated that humans are motivated by the drive to satisfy needs, of which there are a variety of different types However not all needs are equal, and Maslow arranged the various needs in order of their "pre-potence" or influence over people This ordering is usually represented as a pyramid, with the "higher needs" at the top and "base needs" at the bottom There are several alternative versions of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, one of which is shown in figure1 A key feature of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is his contention that people are driven to satisfy lower needs before higher needs exert any influence So for example, the most basic needs of air, water, sleep and food must be met first, and are the over-riding concern of each individual, even more important than being safe or feeling self-esteem Once these are satisfied a person is free to be concerned about other things As each level of "hunger" is met (with literal physical hunger at the lowest level), higher needs emerge which require satisfying Maslow divided his hierarchy of needs into two groups, with "deficiency needs" towards the base, and "growth needs" (or "being needs") at the top Deficiency needs are those which must be satisfied, and without which a person might be said to be deficient or "needy" The individual does not necessarily feel anything positive if these needs are met, but feels anxious if they are not When these needs are met, they are removed as active drivers of behaviour Deficiency needs are mostly physical and emotional Growth needs by contrast are those which add to a person, which are not necessarily required for a healthy existence, but which make a person more fully rounded and complete This type of need is psychological and spiritual, and they form more enduring and permanent motivators How is this relevant to the question of why individuals and organisations might find it difficult to implement opportunity management as part of an integrated risk process? Assuming that Maslow's hierarchy of needs is as valid for organisational motivation as it is for individuals, this framework would predict a strong preference for actions which satisfy "deficiency needs", and that these would take precedence over actions which target "growth needs" Translating this to the risk domain requires an understanding of which risks relate to the different types of needs Deficiency needs are about survival, ensuring that the essentials are available to maintain life In the organisational risk context, this naturally leads to a focus on threats A threat is any uncertain event or condition that, if it occurs, will have an effect on objectives which is negative, unwelcome, harmful, adverse etc According to Maslow, both individuals and organisations will be motivated to address these risks as the highest priority For individuals, the concern is to avoid problems, save face, protect one's reputation etc At the organisational level, this is the realm of business continuity and disaster recovery, which aim to protect the business and ensure corporate survival Deficiency needs are also addressed by operational risk management and health & safety, since these are also about feeding and protecting the corporate organism At project and tactical levels, the need to tackle deficiency needs is also likely to be strongly influential, with a focus on dealing with threats to achievement of project objectives By contrast, opportunities would appear in Maslow's hierarchy as growth needs, being those uncertainties that, if they occurred, would have a positive, welcome, helpful effect on achievement of objectives Such growth needs exist in such areas as marketing and business development, as well as strategic decision-making, and they also exist at project level in the form of project opportunities While these are undoubtedly good things, and in themselves they are clearly worth pursuing, Maslow's hierarchy of needs predicts that there is likely to be less motivation to satisfy these higher needs than there is to address more basic deficiencies In other words, given a limited amount of time, effort or resources (which is the normal situation in most projects), an organisation will be driven to address threats before opportunities If the environment is perceived as threatening, then the need to remove or minimise threats will always take precedence over the option of exploiting opportunities, since the drive to survive is stronger than the attraction of growth Maslow's hierarchy of needs seems to explain why both individuals and organisations are motivated to deal with threats before opportunities, since threats operate at the lower levels of the hierarchy and threaten deficiency needs, whereas opportunities exist at the higher levels and are seen as lower priority A second useful framework for understanding the current reluctance to adopt an inclusive approach to risk management is the recently-developed hypothesis of memetics (Brodie, 1996; Blackmore, 2000) This wasintroduced by Richard Dawkins as a development of the "selfish gene" approach to biology (Dawkins, 1989) Dawkins proposed an extension of this idea, applying it to information theory, postulating the existence of a hypothetical "meme" as a self-replicating unit of information, analogous to a gene, which drives human behaviour and culture From this initial innovation, the ideas of memetics mirror genetics, with such principles as survival of the fittest, competitive adaptation, mutation, replication, propagation etc Whitty has applied the memetic approach to project management and found it to be a useful paradigm to generate new insights (Whitty, 2005) A meme is defined as a package of informational content, approximating to an idea or concept, which exists in the human brain or mind, and which seeks to replicate by transfer to other brains or minds It is the basic unit of cultural transmission, and culture can be seen as the sum total of all memes Clearly there are very many memes currently in existence, all of which are competing for the limited resources of human attention and absorption into current culture The most successful memes are those which are best adapted to the environment in which they operate, which leads them to replicate and become dominant Dawkins argues that dominant memes are not necessarily beneficial to human individuals or society, and that harmful memes can take root in the same way that viruses can cause pandemics The important feature which determines the persistence of a particular memeis its competitive advantage when compared to the other memes against which it competes Having created this hypothetical framework, it is possible to develop an approach called "memetics", analogous to genetics, to describe how memes operate The term "memetic engineering" can be used to describe attempts to manipulate memes in order to produce a desired outcome While the basis for memetics is challenged by many as entirely hypothetical and unproven, the memetic paradigm offers useful insights into many aspects of human behaviour and culture, including management of risk Solutions from Maslow Taking Maslow's model first, there are three ways in which an organisation might proceed if it wishes to adopt the broader risk approach including management of opportunities equally alongside threats 1.Ensure effective threat management The first is simply to make sure that all the lower-level motivators are fully satisfied all the time, allowing the organisation to move on to the higher levels In other words, a risk process which deals effectively with threats will result in an organisation which is confident and relaxed, and which feels secure in its ability to handle both foreseen and emergent negative events and circumstances Once these more basic deficiency needs are met, the organisation will feel free to release energy and resources to address the growth needs represented by opportunities 2.Develop conscious opportunity management A positive focus within the organisational culture on the benefits available from proactive management of opportunities will create a motivational force to counter that of the lower-level need to deal with threats If management express a requirement for projects to identify and capture opportunities, and reward such behaviour visibly, then teams will respond appropriately Making management of opportunities both explicit and required will maximise the chances of this approach being adopted By emphasising the value of the higher growth needs, their motivational value can be increased, even if the lower-level deficiency needs are not all met 3.Practice emotional literacy Maslow's hierarchy of needs is not universally accepted, and some researchers and practitioners believe the linear hierarchy oversimplifies human motivation (for example Wahba & Bridgewell, 1976) The reality of human motivation is like to be much more complex Studies of disadvantaged communities where deficiency needs are clearly unmet often find unexpectedly high levels of contentment and fulfilment, indicative of the higher needs being met For example the Kingdom of Bhutan is renowned for its high Gross National Happiness (GNH), introduced as a key national measure by King Jigme Singye Wangchuck in 1972 (Kinga et al., 1999), despite its low development status Maslow's hierarchy of needs seems to explain why both individuals and organisations are motivated to deal with threats before opportunities, since threats operate at the lower levels of the hierarchy and threaten deficiency needs, whereas opportunities exist at the higher levels and are seen as lower priority A second useful framework for understanding the current reluctance to adopt an inclusive approach to risk management is the recently-developed hypothesis of memetics (Brodie, 1996; Blackmore, 2000) This wasintroduced by Richard Dawkins as a development of the "selfish gene" approach to biology (Dawkins, 1989) Dawkins proposed an extension of this idea, applying it to information theory, postulating the existence of a hypothetical "meme" as a self-replicating unit of information, analogous to a gene, which drives human behaviour and culture From this initial innovation, the ideas of memetics mirror genetics, with such principles as survival of the fittest, competitive adaptation, mutation, replication, propagation etc Whitty has applied the memetic approach to project management and found it to be a useful paradigm to generate new insights (Whitty, 2005) A meme is defined as a package of informational content, approximating to an idea or concept, which exists in the human brain or mind, and which seeks to replicate by transfer to other brains or minds It is the basic unit of cultural transmission, and culture can be seen as the sum total of all memes Clearly there are very many memes currently in existence, all of which are competing for the limited resources of human attention and absorption into current culture The most successful memes are those which are best adapted to the environment in which they operate, which leads them to replicate and become dominant Dawkins argues that dominant memes are not necessarily beneficial to human individuals or society, and that harmful memes can take root in the same way that viruses can cause pandemics The important feature which determines the persistence of a particular memeis its competitive advantage when compared to the other memes against which it competes Having created this hypothetical framework, it is possible to develop an approach called "memetics", analogous to genetics, to describe how memes operate The term "memetic engineering" can be used to describe attempts to manipulate memes in order to produce a desired outcome While the basis for memetics is challenged by many as entirely hypothetical and unproven, the memetic paradigm offers useful insights into many aspects of human behaviour and culture, including management of risk Solutions from Maslow Theoretical framework, population & sample, data collection, data analysis The researcher visited the different libraries for journals, articles and studies needed for the research The researchers gathered time-series data from different Banking institutions to assure of its validity and consistency The researchers would also gathered different news and articles regarding the past events that involves or has consistent customer interaction as its main issue It would tackle evidences of how proper services, awareness serves as the means affect the profit and increase the margin for more clients The researcher has also researched data of the banks that have similar situations with CIMD The researcher would gather data from 2007-2009 to be able to assure consistency and reliability This study will took place within CIMB BANK BERHAD in Malaysia Participants will be selected according to their desire to participate in this study Narrative data will be generated from all researched studies such as journals, articles, academic references, etc The data analysis will Quantitative research enables the researcher to generate new theories from gathering descriptive data about the research topic Quantitative research process involves the result of a certain procedure The type of qualitative research studies undertaken are ethnographical, which refers to the description of a phenomenon from a cultural group or society, grounded theory, which focuses on real life settings and phenomenological which describes different experiences Quantitative research is used to identify the specific effect which leads to using statistical evidence and appropriate statistical tools It is also used for intervention studies and randomized control trials, which is the gold standard, observational and cohort studies The quantitative approach is applicable to smaller sample group to generate rich data Hopkins (2008) defined quantitative research method in the following words, "In quantitative research your aspire is to settle on the relationship flanked by one thing (an independent variable) and another (a dependent result variable) in a population Isolated research design is either evocative (subjects usually measured once) or new (subject for assessment before and after a treatment) A evocative study establish only relations between variables."Hopkins (2008) defined quantitative research method in the following words, "In quantitative research your aspire is to settle on the relationship flanked by one thing (an independent variable) different (a dependent or outcome variable) in a population Quantitative research design are either evocative (subjects usually measured once) or new evocative study establish only relations between variables." Research methodology The agreed consumers of CIMB BANK BERHAD to answer the semi-interviews are two medical practitioners, general managers, homemakers, and two college students They were chosen purposively for the reason of this study A designed questionnaire for semiinterview was utilized for collection of data from the participants Below are the selected questions asked during the interview: •How long have you been patronizing CIMB SDN BHDMALAYSIA's services? •Do you have any plans changing banks? •Are you happy with the services provided by CIMB SDN BHD-MALAYSIA? The questions consisted of the following broad sections; and approach through the services proved by CIMB BANK BERHAD and information and insight about dissimilar aspect of their services These selected interview questions were created to identify how CIMB BANK BERHAD conduct their sevice and how much they aim to satisfy their financial needs Since they interact with such with the representatives of CIMB BANK BERHAD first had, they are the most suitable subjects for this study I have incorporated their family's views on this and how they respond to the participant views Their family's wer3e included since they are also consumer body These participants were invited through the accumulated list of consumers that participant in their Customer Satisfaction Survey (CSAT) 30 participants were invited however, only eight responded Each participant went through semi-interview for 30 minutes A previous meeting was made with the participants Accordingly the participants were briefed and were given a schedule as to when the official interview will occur Both Doctors, in this study, have the same qualifications below: •More than a year as customers of CIMB SDN BHDMALAYSIA •Above 25 years old •Has active profession Both homemakers have the same qualifications: •More than a year as customers of CIMB SDN BHDMALAYSIA •Above 18 years old •No source of income except their spouse Both Students have the same qualifications: •Dependent on their parents regarding financial needs •Above 18 years old Both general managers have the same qualifications •Has control and jurisdictions on the profit of their industry •Above 25 years of age Apart from the consumers of CIMB, this study has interviewed employees, upper management to discuss several questions in regard to the services they render During the interviews the doctors, general managers, and homemakers were willing to answer the questions The students, in the other hand, were at times reluctant to answer some of the questions The students must have thought their answers weren't accurate Limitation and scope of the study A form from HR department had to be filled detailing the research project and once approved by Human Resource manager, it will be forwarded back to the researchers' university for approval Once approved, further permission would have to be sought for the research project by filling out forms from the Ethics committee Also the researcher will require the permission from the CIMB BANK BERHAD board The limitations of this project would be of financial assistance and the participation of the patients Participants may not be willing to participate and share their information While financial assistance may have denied assistance The participant are initially invited verbally If willing, the patient signed a waiver that he/she approved the participation of this program The participant will have the option not to disclose certain information if requested Participants who present with acute right lower abdominal pain, over the age of 10 years, referred from Human resource and Operations management Finding & discussion The wide purpose of the study was to recognize the manner of the participants towards CIMB BANK BERHAD clients and their information and awareness about dissimilar aspects of their service The result revealed that all are satisfied with the services that they have been receiving from CIMB BANK BERHAD Below are the statements argued by the participants: 'I don't to change banks since they are very much in tuned with what I need' 'A lot of people are deprived of basic assistance; Here, I feel that customer service is their priority and they make sure that I get something from my investments' All of them affirmed that they may meet battle from other banks and hey have been invited several times to change bank Two of the articipants, have tried venturing to other banks However, they only did those as supporting banks, their priority Banks is and will always be CIMB SDN BHD-MALAYSIA Summary & conclusion Herzberg (1968) Industrial countries gradually changed from industrialized economies to information or knowledge based economies, where human beings become the most valuable asset due to the tacit knowledge embedded which is difficult to access (Gwin , 2003) Therefore, we have knowledge management system which developed to discover, capture, apply and share the knowledge The knowledge management is actually rather new in banking industry of Malaysia All the while, there are a lot of hidden knowledge or inside knowledge that have not been explored In conclusion, knowledge management is an effective way for Malaysian banks to build up the competence in the market not only to compete with foreign banking institutions but also gaining reputation in the eyes of world As seen in the report, all of the interviewed parties are very much satisfied with the services that they acquire from CIMB SDN BHD-MALAYSIA Recommendation Ackoff, R L., "From Data to Wisdom", Journal of Applies Systems Analysis, Volume 16, 1989 p 3-9 A J Cañas, J D Novak, F M González, Eds 2004, The Value of Concept Maps for Knowledge Management in The Banking and Insurance Industry: A German Case Study, Pamplona, Spain Bank Negara Malaysia 2005, Laporan Tahunan 2005, Kuala Lumpur: Printelligence Sdn Bhd Daniel Moonkee Min., Jong Ryul Kim., Won Chul Kim., Daihwan Min., Steve Ku 1996, "IBRS: Intelligent Bank Reengineering System, "Decision Support System 18, pp 97-105 Foskett, A.C., The subject approach to information, Linnet Books, The Shoe String Press, Inc., Hamden, Connecticut, 1982, p Gwin , C 2003, Sharing Knowledge- Innovations and Remaining Challenges, The World Bank, Washington, D.C Hafiza Muhamad Ali, Nor Hayati Ahmad September 2006, Knowledge Managment in Malaysian Banks, A NewParadigm, Journal of Knowledge Management Practice, Vol 7, No Hafizi Muhamad Ali, Zawiyah M Yusof 2004, Knowledge Management in Malaysian Banks: A Study of Causes and Effects, SAGE Publication, Vol 20, pp 161-168 Knowledge Management in Malaysia - Why Slow Adoption?[online] 2006, available from: http://www.knowledgeboard.com/item/2643/23/5/3 Knowledge Repositories: Organizational Learning and Organizational Memories, available from: http://www-sers.cs.york.ac.uk/~kimble/teaching/mis/Knowledge_Repositories.html Pete Loshin 22nd October 2001, Knowledge Management [online], ComputerWorld, available from: http://www.computerworld.com/databasetopics/data/story/0,10801,64911,00.html "The Bank of Tokyo- Mitsubishi, Ltd.", Accelerating Customer-Oriented Banking with Knowledge Management [online], available from: http://www.realcom.co.jp/en/doc/case_BTM.pdf WenCang Zhou 2006, The International Journal of Knowledge Culture & Change Management, The Knowledge Management in China Banks, vol 6, no 5, pp 91-97 Wettayaprasit W., Wongshuay T., Sahatpatan K., Chamtitigul N., Jirasontikul R., Sriraksa R., Benjapolpithak P 2005, Knowledge Management for Information Technology Section of Government Saving Bank(GSB) in Southern Thailand Wikipedia, Knowledge [online], available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge Ackoff, R L., "From Data to Wisdom", Journal of Applies Systems Analysis, Volume 16, 1989 p 3-9 A J Cañas, J D Novak, F M González, Eds 2004, The Value of Concept Maps for Knowledge Management in The Banking and Insurance Industry: A German Case Study, Pamplona, Spain Bank Negara Malaysia 2005, Laporan Tahunan 2005, Kuala Lumpur: Printelligence Sdn Bhd Catherine Gwin 2003, Sharing Knowledge- Innovations and Remaining Challenges, The World Bank, Washington, D.C Daniel Moonkee Min., Jong Ryul Kim., Won Chul Kim., Daihwan Min., Steve Ku 1996, "IBRS: Intelligent Bank Reengineering System, "Decision Support System 18, pp 97-105 Foskett, A.C., The subject approach to information, Linnet Books, The Shoe String Press, Inc., Hamden, Connecticut, 1982, p Hafiza Muhamad Ali, Nor Hayati Ahmad September 2006, Knowledge Managment in Malaysian Banks, A New 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