Oxford Journals—AMA Manual Copyediting Style Guide

Oxford Journals—AMA Manual Copyediting Style Guide Version: December 18, 2020 Journal: Exposome For matters that are not specifically addressed here, please follow the AMA Manual of Style, Eleventh edition and Merriam Webster’s 11th Collegiate/Concise Oxford Dictionary FRONT MATTER (running heads and first page) Left running head (lrh) Style Right running head (rrh) Example Style Opening page Example Style Follow AMA 2.4 : Journal Title, year, volume and issue number Exposome, 2021, Vol No Follow AMA 2.4: Journal Title, year, volume and issue number Exposome, 2021, Vol No At top of page: Title of journal/page extent /DOI line/Advance access publication date Manuscript category/subject section variations Style for different article types Style Original Research Article Review Other substantive article types Opinion Articles/Editorials/From the Editor: Editorials Special issues/supplements Article type Article Title Style Style Style Example At bottom of page: copyright line All categories have the same first page set up Letters are run on from each other and not treated as separate articles See AMA 1.1: Articles that report original research results follow the traditional IMRAD (Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion) format Include a structured abstract and keywords See AMA 1.2: Include a structured abstract and keywords See AMA 1.3: Structured abstract and keywords See AMA 1.4: Should include author name, degree, affiliation, and “Email:” at the end of the main text, before any References Should include COI statement No abstract or keywords Follow parent style Article type is placed on first page Sentence case Microcalcifications detected at screening mammography: synthetic mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis versus digital Capitalization after colon or Em dash Capitalization after hyphen Abbreviations Years Author Name Example Placement Style Example Degrees and Titles Suffix Separators Example mammography Do not capitalize Do not capitalize AMA 2.1.5: avoid abbreviations in titles AMA 2.1.2 Numerals may be used in sentences that begin with a specific year 2006-2007 Immediately below title or subtitle one line space AMA 2.2.1; upper- and lowercase, full forename or initial followed by a period Asterisk following corresponding author Yi-Chen A Lai, MD Required NB query author if they are not supplied in the manuscript Do not include fellowship designations (eg FRCP) Degrees below masters level should only be included if they are the highest degree held Author suffixes allowed Semicolon between each author For two authors insert “and” between the names For three or more authors not insert “and” before final author Yi-Chen Lai, MD and Kimberly M Ray, MD Yi-Chen Lai, MD; Kimberly M Ray, MD; Amie Y Lee, MD; Jessica H Hayward, MD; Rita I Freimanis, MD; Iryna V Lobach, PhD; Bonnie N Joe, MD, PhD Layout Do not change the order of authors Affiliation designators Designators: superscript Arabic numbers following the author name Designated by an asterisk following the author’s name Lars J Grimm, MD, MHS*,1, Michael Enslow, MD2, Sujata V Ghate, MD2 Two co-first authors are allowed Use dagger designator and insert text on a new line after corresponding author details *Check production notes because EiC may submit special instructions about this* Immediately following author affiliations one line space below, no period Allowed Two corresponding authors may be listed if Corresponding Author Example Co-first authors Corresponding Author Placement More than corresponding author Degree US State name Country name Telephone/Fax Email Example Author Affiliation Style Placement Elements required State name (US) Country name Separators Designator Example Example Present address Deceased author Dates (Received/Editorial Acceptance/Published Online) On first page of each article below the article type Genbank Accession numbers in SciMed Articles Style Dedication Abstract Style Structured/unstructured justified Not required Not required Not required Not required Required *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Email: jcharles@louisville.edu NB no period at end of email address Division of the institution, institution name, city, state, country (USA for the United States) After the author names Department, Institution, City, State abbreviation, Country Two-letter abbreviations Write out except for UK (do not use Scotland, Wales, England) and USA Semicolon Superscript numbers Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA Department of Radiation, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; 2Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Cary, NC, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Cary, NC, USA Not given AMA 11 does not use the death dagger If it is desired to note the death of an author, this may be included in the Acknowledgments All history dates required: Received: Month XX, 2020; Revised: Month XX, 2020; Accepted: Month XX, 2020 Heading Style Any new sequences announced in the article will have their database accession number ranged right opposite the article history dates Accession numbers should include the version, if possible not allowed If structured abstract submitted, each header should be bold, followed by colon, and run in with text Unstructured abstracts should be one paragraph, no headers ABSTRACT No extra lines between sections Copyright line Key Words Abbreviations Genus species Reference or url citation in abstract Issue format PAP format Spell out at first mention Spell out at first mention Not allowed Style Used; follow author’s order; semicolon separator, period at end key words required; none may be a word used in title Placed at the end of the abstract (or below corresponding author line if there is no abstract) Key words: word; word; word Placement Example insert example here insert example here FOOTNOTES Footnotes Text Other footnotes HEADINGS Style Endnotes Headings for research articles Headings for other articles 1st level Example 2nd level Example 3rd level Example 4th level Example Numbered headings GENERAL STYLE Spelling Editing level required Hyphenation US Not used Should be avoided Insert into text as parenthetical statement Not allowed Follow AMA 2.8–2.8.3: Avoid using a single abbreviation as a heading Avoid expanding abbreviations for the first time in a heading Avoid citing references, figures or tables in headings Research articles have specific wording and appear in a specific order: Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Supplementary data, Acknowledgments, Conflict of interest, Funding, References Other types of article can have any wording in the level headings Bold, Roman, sentence case, not run on Methods Bold, Roman, sentence case, not run on Eubacterium eligens proteins expressed during growth Bold, italic, sentence case, not run on Effects of phage resistance not allowed Merriam-Webster’s 11th Collegiate Dictionary Level Follow AMA 8.3.1: hyphens should be used Dashes En dash Examples only to aid the reader’s understanding and avoid ambiguity Use 2D rather than 2-D and 3D instead of 3-D Do not hyphenate most prefixes (see AMA) Follow AMA 8.3.2: The en dash shows relational distinction in a hyphenated or compound modifier, element of which consists of words or a hyphenated word, or when the word being modified is a compound post–World War 1, decision tree– based analysis, non–small cell carcinoma, reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction Em dash Example Commas Capitalization Italicization After colon Variables Experiment, Day, etc Others Emphasis Variables and Statistical terms Genus and Species names Language Quotation marks Quotations/Extracts in text Latin terms Style Follow AMA 8.3.2: Em dashes are used to indicate a marked or pronounced interruption or break in thought A em dash may be used to separate a referent from a pronoun that is the subject of a ending clause he was—so he said—a man Follow AMA 8.2.1:Use a comma to separate groups of words, setting off ie, eg, and viz, separating clauses joined by conjunctions, separating parenthetical expressions, and degrees and titles Serial comma The physician, the nurse, and the family AMA 10.0 Capitalize after colon Follow author and make consistent Do not capitalize N/A Follow AMA 21.9.4 (use sparingly) Follow AMA 21.9 and 20.7 In general, variables, unknown quantities and constants are set in italics Follow AMA 14.14 Biological Nomenclature: capitalize genus, lowercase species, set italic Expand in full at first use in abstract and again in text; may abbreviate genus thereafter Follow AMA 11.0 for correct and preferred usage Follow AMA 8.6: Double inverted commas; single quote marks for quotations within quotations (US style) Follow AMA 8.6 Follow AMA 9.4, 12.1.1; follow latest edition of Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary Abbreviations Parentheses Brackets Slash (forward) Lists Display In-text Example Example Example Geography Do not italicize Latin terms that are in general use (if they appear in dictionary not ital; for instance: in vivo, in votro, en bloc) Follow AMA chapter 14.14, (style for abbreviations applied to all scientific names of animals, plants, and bacteria should be consistent) Follow AMA 8.5.1: (Parentheses) Used to indicate supplementary explanations, identification, direction to the reader, or translation Use brackets within parentheses Follow AMA 8.5.2: [Brackets] Used to indicate editorial interpolation within a quotation to enclose corrections, explanations, or comments in material that is quoted Follow AMA 8.4 The forward slash (solidus) is used to represent per, and, or or and to divide material Follow AMA 18.5 (see below) Follow AMA 18.5 (see below) Short series: (1), (2), and (3) Long series: Bullet points (AMA 18.5; use when specific order is not necessary) If items are not complete sentences, no punctuation is needed, and use of a capital or lowercase letter on the first word of each item is a matter of judgment based on the length of the item, with consistency in a single list) US, UK, and Canada AMA 13.5 Abbreviations such as “US” and “UK” may be used as modifiers (ie, only when they directly precede the word they modify) but should be expanded in all other contexts Example The US senator ate lunch with the UK attache I live in the United States The United Kingdom is lovely in late spring US States Time and dates Date Example AMA 13.5: Use 2-letter abbreviations (postal abbreviations) for US states AMA 8.2, 13.3, 18.1.4 Dates should be given as month, day and year Time should be given as 12 hour clock with AM/PM (small caps) January 3, 2019 11:45 PM SOURCES OF MATERIALS Style Supplier name Supplier location Others Trademark Trademark symbol Follow author Allowed; not query if not present Not required; not query if not present Equipment should be cited as generic followed by (model, manufacturer) as in: Mammograms were performed on one of three identical machines (3D Dimensions; Hologic, Inc.) not allowed ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation Title In Headings At the beginning of sentence In Figures In Table Commonly used abbreviations Follow AMA 2.1.5 Abbreviations are generally not allowed in titles Query author if present Follow AMA 2.8.3 Do not introduce an abbreviation for the first time in a heading, but abbreviations previously introduced may be used Follow AMA 13.11: expand abbreviations at the beginning of a sentence Follow AMA 4.2.7 Abbreviations in figures should be consistent with those in the text and defined in the title or legend or in a key Follow AMA 4.1.7 Abbreviations or acronyms should be explained in a footnote Follow AMA 13.11: Abbreviations that can be used without expansion: AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome CEDEX Courrier d’Entreprise Distribution EXceptionnelle (special business mail) cf compare (from the Latin confer, to compare) CI confidence interval CME continuing medical education DDT dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (chlorophenothane) DNA deoxyribonucleic acid dpi dots per inch EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid eg for example etc et cetera (and so forth) GMT Greenwich mean time HIV human immunodeficiency virus ie that is Ig immunoglobulin (abbreviate only with specification of class, eg, IgA, IgG, IgM; see 14.8.6, Immunoglobulins) IQ intelligence quotient ISBN International Standard Book Number ISSN International Standard Serial Number logMAR logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution OD oculus dexter (right eye) OMIM Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man OS oculus sinister (left eye) OU oculus unitas (both eyes) or oculus uterque (each eye) (abbreviate only with a number) PaCO2 partial pressure of carbon dioxide, arterial PaO2 partial pressure of oxygen, arterial PCO2 partial pressure of carbon dioxide PDF portable document format pH negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration PMID PubMed identifier PO2 partial pressure of oxygen Rh rhesus (of, related to, or being an Rh antibody, blood group, or factor) RNA ribonucleic acid ROM read-only memory SAS Statistical Analysis System SD standard deviation SE standard error SEM standard error of the mean SGML standardized general markup language SPSS Statistical Product and Service Solutions SSPE sodium chloride, sodium phosphate, EDTA [buffer] TNM tumor, node, metastasis URI uniform resource identifier URL uniform resource locator URN uniform resource name UV ultraviolet UV-A ultraviolet A UV-B ultraviolet B UV-C ultraviolet C VDRL Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (add test) vs versus (use v for legal references; see 3.16, US Legal References) XML extensible markup language zip Zone Improvement Plan (do not expand: zip code) Latin abbreviations Chemical compounds Concentrations Plurals Author names (one of us) Example Names (other than the authors) Use ‘eg,’ (for example) and ‘ie,’ (that is) with care and only in parenthesis; follow AMA 11.1 Follow AMA 13.13: Expanded at first mention Follow author Follow AMA 9.6: Plural is formed by adding ‘s’ eg, CDs, ICUs Follow AMA 13.6: (closed up, periods) Y.C.L disclosed no relevant relationships Follow author Journal-specific abbreviations TECHNICAL STYLE Number style Ordinals Follow AMA 18 Numerals are used to express numbers in most circumstances AMA 18.2.4: Spell out ‘first’ to ‘ninth’, use numerals for other ordinals except at the beginning of a sentence The suffix should not be superscripted Thousand separator Roman numerals -fold words Units of measure SI Units Non SI Units Temperature Percentage Volume Concentration Weight Mass Range Thin space: 10 000 Follow AMA 18.7.5: Follow AMA 18.1: Use numerals, eg, 2-fold increase Follow AMA Chapter 17 and 18.1.3–18.1.5 (see below) Use SI units wherever possible Query author to provide (eg, g not rpm) If non-SI units must be used, the author should be queried to add the SI equivalent The Dalton (Da) or more conveniently the kDa is a permitted non-SI unit for molecular mass or mass of a particular band in a separating gel °C 5%, 5%-10% mL (insert space before unit) For units of volume, expressions based on the cubic meter (eg, × 10–9 m3, × 10–6 m3 or × 10–3 m3) or the liter (eg, μL, mL, L) are acceptable, but one of these methods should be used consistently throughout the manuscript Note the use of L for liter (and in mL etc.) and not l mmol m–3, μM (for μmol L–1), or 25 mg L–1 Note small cap for M in μM g, kg (insert space before unit) Dalton (Da) or kDa is permitted for molecular mass or mass of a particular band in a separating gel If the unit of measure for the quantity is set closed up with the number, the unit should be repeated for each number (5%-8%) but (10- 60 mm Hg) Note that hyphens are used for ranges per AMA Use of slashes, product dots etc Use the virgule construction for rates when placed in parentheses (eg, 1/2) but never in running text Centrifuge Magnification Should be g – query author if given as rpm Times symbol closed up to numeral Follow author See AMA 19.5 for a glossary of statistical terms P (upper case, italics) Use asterisks to represent statistical significance of P values in figures, tables and their legends and footnotes, e.g *P ≤ 05, **P ≤ 01, ***P ≤ 001 (Use standard decimal) Symbols and their qualifying values are closed up, i.e ‘All Pvalues were