Electric drive project 2 Design a conveyor drive control circuit ELECTRIC POWER UNIVERCITY DEPARTMENT OF CONTROL AND AUTOMATICS Electric drive project 2 Name of topic Design a conveyor drive control c.
1 ELECTRIC POWER UNIVERCITY DEPARTMENT OF CONTROL AND AUTOMATICS Electric drive project Name of topic: Design a conveyor drive control circuit Instructors guide: TS Nguyen Duy Trung Student implementation: Dang Minh Hung - 17814101115 Class: CLC D12 CNTD HA NOI, 6/2021 Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit TABLE OF CONTENTS Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit PREFACE Our country is on the path of Industrialization - Modernization in the direction of socialism, in which industry plays a very important role Machine systems are becoming more and more popular and gradually replacing human labor To create and master such machines requires a lot of research for each of us As a student I always see the importance of the knowledge that I get from teachers Project tasks are a very important job in the learning process because it helps students grasp the basic knowledge of the subject My project is assigned to "Design a conveyor drive control circuit" With the knowledge learned and after a period of research with the help and guidance of Mr.Nguyen Duy Trung and his friends' constructive exchange contributions, we have completed the assigned project However, with limited knowledge and limited practical experience, there are few references to our project, so our project cannot avoid its shortcomings I look forward to the guidance of the teachers in the subject to make my project more complete We sincerely thank! Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit CHAPTER I OVERVIEW OF LOADS 1.1 The history of the conveyor belt The history of conveyors begins in the second half of the 17th century Since then, conveyors have been an essential part of transporting materials But it was in 1795 that the conveyor belt became a popular means of conveying bulk materials Initially it was only used to move grain sacks short distances The conveyor and working system were also quite simple in the early days The conveyor system has a flat wooden bed and a belt that goes through the wooden bed Before that, the conveyor belts were made of leather, cloth or rubber This primitive conveyor system was very popular for transporting bulky objects from one place to another In the early 20th century, the applications of the conveyor belt became wider Figure 1.1 Rubber conveyor belts Hymle Goddard was the first to receive a patent for roller conveyors in 1908 The conveyor roller conveyor businesses did not prosper A few years later, in 1919, free supply and conveyors were used in automobile production As such, the conveyor belt has become a popular tool for the transportation of heavy and Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit large cargo in factories In the 1920s it was popular, and also underwent enormous changes Conveyors are used in coal mines for coal-fired treatment for more than 8km, and were made using layers of cotton and rubber covers The longest conveyors currently in use are hundreds of kilometers long, in the western Sahara phosphate mines One of the turning points in its history was the introduction of synthetic conveyors It was introduced during World War II, mainly due to the scarcity of natural materials such as cotton, rubber, and cloth In 1957, BF Goodrich Company patented a Möbius strip conveyor, which it continues to be produced as the "Rotary Conveyor System" Incorporating a half-twist, it has an advantage over conventional straps with a longer lifespan as it can expose full surface area to be worn out Such Möbius strip belts are no longer manufactured because modern belts without twisting can be made more durable by constructing them from multiple layers of different materials In 1970, Intralox, a Louisiana-based company, filed the first patent for all types of plastic modular belts Since then, synthetic conveyors have become popular in various fields With the increasing demand in the market, many synthetic polymers and fabrics began to be used in the manufacture of conveyors Today, cotton, fabric, EPDM, leather, neoprene, nylon, polyester, polyurethane, urethane, PVC, rubber, silicone and steel are commonly used in conveyors 1.2 Structure and operation principle of the conveyor belt a Structure Figure 1.2 Conveyor structure Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit + Frame conveyor: - Shaped aluminum conveyor frame: is favored in the industry of manufacturing and assembling electronics, computers with light and medium loads in recent years because of its advantages of beauty, lightness, high flexibility, easy to change structures according to production requirements Stainless steel conveyor frame: Usually used in environments subject to dust and chemicals such as food processing, aerospace, pharmaceutical, chemical industries, bottling and canning Conveyor frame Galvanized steel and powder coated steel: economic advantages and withstand all different loads Commonly used in the automotive and motorcycle industries, printing finishing and packaging + Frame conveyor: - Shaped aluminum conveyor frame: is favored in the industry of manufacturing and assembling electronics, computers with light and medium loads in recent years because of its advantages of beauty, lightness, high flexibility, easy to change structures according to production requirements Stainless steel conveyor frame: Usually used in environments subject to dust and chemicals such as food processing, aerospace, pharmaceutical, chemical industries, bottling and canning Conveyor frame Galvanized steel and powder coated steel: economic advantages and withstand all different loads Commonly used in the automotive and motorcycle industries, printing finishing and packaging Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit Figure 1.3 Conveyor frame + Belt conveyor: Depending on the load and product requirements, we usually use PVC tape or PU tape with 1- 5mm thick thickness For heavy load conveyors we use rubber conveyor belts Figure 1.4 Rubber belt conveyor + Rollers pull tape in stainless steel, galvanized steel or aluminum There are diameters Standard: Ø50, Ø60, Ø70, Ø89, Ø102, Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit + Roller support for upper and lower sides of stainless steel or galvanized steel, with diameters: Ø25, Ø32 and Ø38 Figure 1.5 Roller conveyors + Drive from engine to working shaft by chain transmission and belt Current conveyor motors often use two popular types: Geared-box motors with power ranges from 25W to 200W - Separate motor and gearbox, power range is usually from 0.37KW to 2.5KW Speed controller: Inverter, sensor, timer, sensor, PLC + Support belt: Usually made of stainless steel, galvanized steel or aluminum plate trauma + The roller support ball bearings Advantages of the conveyor drive system: The conveyor belt has a simple, durable structure, capable of transporting materials in the horizontal, inclined direction (or a combination of both) with large distances, smooth work, and productivity Consumption is not great Disadvantages of conveyor drive system: + There is a loss of transporting materials due to spillage on the transportation route, causing pollution and environmental pollution + When transporting over long and not straight distances, expensive transfer stations are required Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit + Transport speed is not high, conveyor inclination is small (> Tu - electromagnetic time constant of armature circuit) Then we have the block diagram of the current loop circuit as follows: Figure 1.25 Structure diagram of the current loop circuit 3.2.2 Synthesis of speed loop The system has a step-by-step form: an internal current loop and an external speed loop, which is used when: The system is not capable of overcurrent or has high requirements for acceleration control or falls into armature discontinuity The number of current loops is usually one for non-reversing systems, and two for reversible systems To change the direction of rotation of the system, the sign of the set signal must be changed It is necessary to install a current limiter after the speed controller to reduce the signal applied to the current loop 33 Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit Block diagram of speed regulation loop with current loop: Figure 1.26 Structure diagram of speed loop 34 Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit CHAPTER IV CALCULATION AND SIMULATION PN SIMULINK 4.1 Select parameters for the simulation process Select the parameters for the DC motor: - Rated power: Pdm = 10(kW) - Rated voltage: Udm = 230 (V) - Rated speed ndm = 900 (v/min) - Rated efficiency: ηdm = 90% - Armature inductance: L = 0.2(H) - Moment of inertia: J = 1.5 (kg.m)2 - Slope of magnetization characteristics and loading moment: Kk = B=1 KI0 = KωB = 10 Select parameters of converters, current sensors and generators: - Time constant of current sensor: Ti = 0.002(s) - Time constant of switching rectifier: Tv = 0.001(s) - Rectifier control circuit: Tdk = 0.001(s) - Accelerator: Tω = 0.002(s) From the selected parameters, we can calculate other parameters according to the following formulas: Ω dm = 2π ndm 2π 900 = = 94, 25 ( rad / s ) 60 60 M dm = Pdm 1 0000 = = 106,1( N m ) ωdm 94, 25 35 Electric drive project Pdm 10000 = = 43, 48( A) U dm 230 I dm = M dm KΦ = 94, 25 = = 2,168 43, 48 I dm RΏ u = 0,5.(1 − η dm ) Tu = Design a conveyor drive control circuit U dm 230 = 0,5 ( − 0,9 ) = 0, 26( ) I dm 43, 48 Lu 0,3 = = 0, 77( s) Ru 0, 24 Tsi = Tdk + Tv + Ti = 0, 001 + 0, 001 + 0, 002 = 0.004 ( s ) I have: Udm = Kcl.Udk Uid = Ki.Idm Chọn Udk = Uid = 10 (V), suy ra: Kcl = Ki = Tc = U dm 230 = = 23 U dk 10 U id 1 0 = = 0.23 I dm 43, 48 Ru.J ( KΦ) = 0, 26.1,5 ( 2,168 ) = 0, 08( s) Tsω = 2.Tsi + Tω = 2.0, 004 + 0, 002 = 0, 01 ( s ) Ru 0, 26 = = 19,34 K Φ.Tc 2,168.0, 08 U = ω.K U = 10 (V) 36 Electric drive project K ω = Design a conveyor drive control circuit U ωd 10 = = 0,106 ω 94, 25 From this we deduce the transfer function of the current and speed controller has the form: Ru.Tu 0, 246.0, 77 29, Ri = 1 + = + = 22,9 + ÷ ÷ 2.Kcl.Ki.Tsi p.Tu 2.23.0, 23.0, 004 0, 77 p p Rω = Ki.K Φ.Tc 0, 23.2,168.0, 08 = = 47, 2.K ω.Ru.Tsω 2.0,106.0, 26.0, 01 4.2 Simulate specific engine cases using Simulink 4.2.1 Simulation of a DC motor in the case of constant Uu (∆Up = 0) Simulink simulation diagram as: Figure 1.27 Simulation diagram when armature voltage is constant -Current characteristics: 37 Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit 38 Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit - Speed characteristics: - Magnetic properties: 39 Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit - Feedback voltage: 4.2.2 Current loop circuit of a DC motor in Simulink Simulink simulation diagram as shown: Figure 1.28 Motor current regulation loop circuit in Simulink With voltage as step, simulation results in the form of output current and feedback voltage of the form: 40 Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit - Current signal: - Feedback voltage signal: 41 Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit 4.2.3 Loop circuit adjusts the speed when there is a current limiter after the speed controller Figure 1.29 Speed regulation loop - Current signal: -Speed signal: 42 Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit - Feedback voltage signal: 4.3 Comment on simulation results In the case of constant armature voltage, we see that the transient time of the current, the feedback voltage, and the speed in the case of constant armature voltage are larger (due to Tk>>Tu), but the transient smaller adjustment When there are more current regulators and speed regulators, the feedback voltage follows the applied voltage more The current limiting step installed after the speed regulator has the effect of reducing the signal set for the current loop 43 Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit CONCLUDE After researching and implementing the topic with the dedicated guidance of teachers in the field of automation and measurement, especially Mr Nguyen Duy Trung, along with my own efforts, I came here to find Complete understanding of conveyors in industrial systems During the process of working on the topic, I have accumulated some knowledge to be able to improve my level more firmly However, with limited time, the research topic has many limitations During this time , although we have tried our best , it is inevitable that there will be shortcomings I look forward to receiving constructive comments from teachers to improve my project Once again, I would like to thank my mentors and teachers for helping me to successfully complete my graduation project 44 Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit References Automatic adjustment of electric drive (Bùi Quốc Khánh - Nguyễn Văn Liễn Phạm Quốc Hải - Dương Văn Nghi) Matlap and Simulink for automation engineers (Nguyễn Phùng Quang) 45 ... 0, 24 6.0, 77 29 , Ri = 1 + = + = 22 ,9 + ÷ ÷ 2. Kcl.Ki.Tsi p.Tu 2. 23.0, 23 .0, 004 0, 77 p p Rω = Ki.K Φ.Tc 0, 23 .2, 168.0, 08 = = 47, 2. K ω.Ru.Tsω 2. 0,106.0, 26 .0, 01 4 .2 Simulate... to the current 26 Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit interrupt 27 Electric drive project Design a conveyor drive control circuit Figure 1 .21 Main motor drive control... Ω dm = 2? ? ndm ? ?2? ? 900 = = 94, 25 ( rad / s ) 60 60 M dm = Pdm 1 0000 = = 106,1( N m ) ωdm 94, 25 35 Electric drive project Pdm 10000 = = 43, 48( A) U dm 23 0 I dm = M dm KΦ = 94, 25 = = 2, 168