Factors affecting the competitiveness of vietnamese commercial banks 2022

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING STATE BANK OF VIETNAM HOCHIMINH UNIVERSITY OF BANKING VO THI THUY LINH FACTORS AFFECTING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF VIETNAMESE COMMERCIAL BANKS BACHELOR’S DISSERTATION S.

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION STATE BANK OF VIETNAM AND TRAINING HOCHIMINH UNIVERSITY OF BANKING VO THI THUY LINH FACTORS AFFECTING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF VIETNAMESE COMMERCIAL BANKS BACHELOR’S DISSERTATION SPECIALIZATION: FINANCE – BANKING CODE: 7340201 HO CHI MINH CITY, 03/2022 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION STATE BANK OF VIETNAM AND TRAINING HOCHIMINH UNIVERSITY OF BANKING VO THI THUY LINH FACTORS AFFECTING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF VIETNAMESE COMMERCIAL BANKS BACHELOR’S DISSERTATION SPECIALIZATION: FINANCE – BANKING CODE: 7340201 INSTRUCTOR ASSOC PROF DR DANG VAN DAN HO CHI MINH CITY, 03/2022 ABSTRACT The argument stems from an urgent need to strengthen the competitiveness of joint-stock commercial banks under market economy settings, as well as the emergence of more and more commercial banks in the Vietnamese banking system Male As a result, this study used a quantitative technique with the Pooled OLS model, Fixed Effects Model (FEM), and Random Effects Model (REM) to examine the variables influencing the competitiveness of 28 joint-stock commercial banks in Vietnam during a 10-year period from 2011 to 2020 (REM) The study discovered that equity, bank size, and inflation all had a substantial and beneficial influence on the LERNER model The expense of the bank's credit risk provision has an opposite effect on the LERNER model, which depicts the bank's competitiveness The GDP component has a negative impact on banks, although the effect is not statistically significant Finally, the author proposes policy recommendations for banks based on the research findings in order to increase the competitiveness of Vietnamese commercial banks Keywords: competitiveness, commercial banks, LERNER index, Vietnam ASSURANCE LETTER I assure that the factors affecting the competitiveness of Vietnamese commercial banks’ dissertation is my own report During this research, the figures and sources of knowledge are derived clearly and honestly from the banks' audited consolidated financial statements Additionally, the tests were conducted publicly and transparently with no intervention to correct the results of regression models Author Vo Thi Thuy Linh THANK-YOU LETTER First of all, to complete this graduation dissertation, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Assoc Prof Dr Dang Van Dan, who wholeheartedly guided me throughout the writing process I would like to sincerely thank the lecturers for imparting academic knowledge and supporting me throughout my studies Because of the limited time and knowledge, the dissertation cannot avoid shortcomings, I’m looking forward to receiving comments from teachers so that the graduation dissertation can achieve better results Thank you sincerely! TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT .3 ASSURANCE LETTER THANK-YOU LETTER TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 10 LIST OF TABLES 10 LIST OF GRAPHS 11 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 12 1.1 Reasonable for research .12 1.2 Research objectives 13 1.3 Research questions 13 1.4 Research subjects and scope 14 1.5 Research methodology 14 1.6 Research empirical significance .15 1.7 Research layout 15 CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW 17 2.1 Theory of the competitiveness of commercial banks .17 2.1.1 Commercial banks 17 2.1.2 Banks’ competitiveness 17 2.1.3 The criteria to measure the competitiveness of the bank 18 2.2 Previous studies about factors affecting the competitiveness of commercial banks 19 2.2.1 External factors 20 2.2.2 Internal factors 21 CONCLUSION CHAPTER 24 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 25 3.1 Table data collection .25 3.2 Research process 27 3.3 Research models 29 3.4 Variables explanation 30 3.4.1 Dependent variable – LERNER index 31 3.4.2 Independent variables: 31 3.5 Quantitative methods .33 3.5.1 Descriptive statistics .33 3.5.2 Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (Pooled OLS) Model 33 3.5.3 Fixed Effects Model (FEM) 34 3.5.4 Random Effects Model (REM) 34 3.5.5 Lagrangian multiplier test 34 3.5.6 Hausman test 35 CONCLUSION CHAPTER 36 CHAPTER 4: ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH RESULTS .37 4.1 Descriptive statistics 37 4.2 Correlation analysis .39 4.3 Multicollinearity test .39 4.4 Estimating the regression model by Pooled OLS, FEM, and REM methods 40 4.4.1 Pooled ordinary least square (Pooled OLS) 40 4.4.2 Fixed effect model (FEM) 42 4.4.3 Random effect model (REM) 43 4.5 Selecting a regression model 45 4.5.1 Between FEM and REM 45 4.5.2 Between Pooled OLS and REM .45 4.6 Model diagnostics 46 4.6.1 Autocorrelation diagnostics 46 4.6.2 Heteroskedasticity diagnostics .47 4.7 Model fix .47 4.8 Discussing research results 48 4.8.1 Equity capital (CAP) 48 4.8.2 Bank size (SIZE) 49 4.8.3 Credit loss provision ratio (LLP) 49 4.8.4 Gross domestic product growth (GDP) 50 4.8.5 Inflation (INF) 50 CONCLUSION CHAPTER 51 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 52 5.1 Conclusion .52 5.2 Recommendations 53 5.2.1 Mobilize equity capital 53 5.2.2 Increase bank size 53 5.2.3 Cost control 54 5.2.4 Plan for avoiding and dealing with inflationary issues 54 5.3 Limitations of the study .55 CONCLUSION CHAPTER 57 REFERENCES 58 Appendix 61 Appendix – Research data .61 Appendix – Descriptive statistics 70 Appendix – Correlation analysis 70 Appendix - Multicollinearity test 70 Appendix - Pooled OLS 71 Appendix – FEM 71 Appendix – REM 72 Appendix – Hausman test 72 Appendix - Breusch and Pagan Lagrangian multiplier test 73 10 Appendix 10 – Autocorrelation diganostics 73 11 Appendix 11 – Model fix .74 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation CAP SIZE LLP INF GDP HOSE HNX UPCoM FEM REM Pooled OLS FGLS Meaning Equity Capital Bank's Size Credit Loss Provision Ratio Inflation Rate Gross Domestic Product Growth Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange Hanoi Stock Exchange Unlisted Public Company Market Fixed Effect Model Random Effect Model Pooled Ordinary Least Square Feasible Generalized Least Squares LIST OF TABLES Table Summary of previous research results 21 Table List of banks used for the research data 25 Table The dependent and independent variables of the model 30 Table Descriptive statistics results 37 Table Correlation analysis 39 Table Multicollinear result 40 Table 4 Pooled OLS output 41 Table Fixed effect model output .42 Table Random effect model output 43 Table Model choice between FEM and REM 45 Table Model choice between pooled OLS and FEM 46 Table Autocorrelation diagnostics 46 Table 10 Heteroskedasticity diagnostics 47 Table 11 Cross-sectional time-series FGLS regression .47 10 American Economic Review, Vol 80, pp 1183–1200 18 Kosmidou, K., Pasiouras, F & Tsaklanganos, A 2008 Domestic and multinational determinants of foreign bank profits: The case of Greek banks operating abroad Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 17, 1-15 19 Lerner, A.P., "Economic theory and socialist economy", The Review of Economic Studies, (1934) 1, 51-61 20 Martinez-Miera, D., and R Repullo (2010) Does competition reduce the risk of bank failure? 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Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 32, 38-71 22 Rakshit, B., Bardhan, S., 2019 Bank competition and its determinants: Evidence from Indian banking International Journal of the Economics of Business, 26(2), 283-313 23 Schaeck, K., & Cihák, M (2014) Competition, efficiency, and stability in banking Financial management, 43(1), 215-241 24 Wagner, W (2010) Loan market competition and bank risk-taking Journal of Financial Services Research, Vol 37, pp 71-81 60 Appendix Appendix – Research data ank year lerner cap size llp gdp inf ABB 2011 0.2159 0.1137 5.2263 0.0137 0.062 0.092 ABB 2012 0.2032 0.1065 5.2433 0.0037 0.052 0.066 ABB 2013 0.0530 0.0997 5.2808 0.0059 0.054 0.048 ABB 2014 0.0125 0.0847 5.3071 0.0064 0.06 0.006 ABB 2015 -0.0236 0.0899 5.2993 0.0103 0.067 0.019 ABB 2016 -0.0076 0.0788 5.3229 0.0089 0.062 0.035 ABB 2017 0.0325 0.0724 5.3446 0.0058 0.068 0.028 ABB 2018 0.0230 0.0763 5.3551 0.0035 0.071 0.069 ABB 2019 0.0311 0.0765 5.3769 0.0048 0.07 0.092 ABB 2020 0.0086 0.0766 5.3980 0.0044 0.029 0.032 ACB 2011 0.1556 0.0426 5.5449 0.0011 0.062 0.092 ACB 2012 0.1139 0.0716 5.4672 0.0030 0.052 0.066 ACB 2013 0.0268 0.0751 5.4578 0.0051 0.054 0.048 ACB 2014 0.0289 0.0690 5.4703 0.0054 0.06 0.006 ACB 2015 0.1104 0.0635 5.4894 0.0044 0.067 0.019 ACB 2016 0.1058 0.0602 5.5142 0.0052 0.062 0.035 ACB 2017 0.0305 0.0564 5.5469 0.0090 0.068 0.028 ACB 2018 0.1711 0.0638 5.5713 0.0028 0.071 0.069 ACB 2019 0.1672 0.0724 5.5967 0.0007 0.07 0.092 ACB 2020 0.1670 0.0797 5.6213 0.0021 0.029 0.032 BAB 2011 0.0609 0.1261 5.1465 0.0014 0.062 0.092 BAB 2012 0.0048 0.0933 5.1916 0.0036 0.052 0.066 BAB 2013 0.0309 0.0658 5.2582 0.0073 0.054 0.048 BAB 2014 0.0523 0.0719 5.2795 0.0045 0.06 0.006 BAB 2015 0.0681 0.0790 5.2969 0.0027 0.067 0.019 BAB 2016 0.0839 0.0765 5.3268 0.0008 0.062 0.035 BAB 2017 0.0824 0.0695 5.3584 0.0032 0.068 0.028 61 BAB 2018 0.0737 0.0730 5.3677 0.0028 0.071 0.069 BAB 2019 0.0757 0.0724 5.3854 0.0014 0.07 0.092 BAB 2020 0.0517 0.0714 5.3991 0.0022 0.029 0.032 BID 2011 0.0567 0.0601 5.6061 0.0124 0.062 0.092 BID 2012 0.0682 0.0547 5.6358 0.0073 0.052 0.066 BID 2013 0.0517 0.0584 5.6563 0.0118 0.054 0.048 BID 2014 0.0762 0.0512 5.6848 0.0107 0.06 0.006 BID 2015 0.1077 0.0498 5.7295 0.0067 0.067 0.019 BID 2016 0.0671 0.0439 5.7575 0.0091 0.062 0.035 BID 2017 0.0156 0.0406 5.7872 0.0123 0.068 0.028 BID 2018 0.0549 0.0415 5.8019 0.0144 0.071 0.069 BID 2019 0.0542 0.0521 5.8229 0.0135 0.07 0.092 BID 2020 0.0298 0.0525 5.8259 0.0154 0.029 0.032 BVB 2011 0.1741 0.1945 5.0771 0.0006 0.062 0.092 BVB 2012 0.0684 0.1580 5.1100 0.0020 0.052 0.066 BVB 2013 0.0249 0.1394 5.1282 0.0024 0.054 0.048 BVB 2014 0.0155 0.1285 5.1468 0.0015 0.06 0.006 BVB 2015 -0.0382 0.1142 5.1665 0.0019 0.067 0.019 BVB 2016 -0.0316 0.1022 5.1848 0.0022 0.062 0.035 BVB 2017 -0.0179 0.0838 5.2196 0.0022 0.068 0.028 BVB 2018 0.0055 0.0739 5.2453 0.0027 0.071 0.069 BVB 2019 -0.0006 0.0721 5.2631 0.0031 0.07 0.092 BVB 2020 -0.0089 0.0637 5.2906 0.0057 0.029 0.032 CTG 2011 0.1076 0.0619 5.6272 0.0289 0.062 0.092 CTG 2012 0.0955 0.0668 5.6421 0.0087 0.052 0.066 CTG 2013 0.1124 0.0938 5.6646 0.0072 0.054 0.048 CTG 2014 0.1119 0.0832 5.6875 0.0059 0.06 0.006 CTG 2015 0.1119 0.0720 5.7149 0.0060 0.067 0.019 CTG 2016 0.1002 0.0637 5.7477 0.0053 0.062 0.035 CTG 2017 0.0883 0.0582 5.7716 0.0076 0.068 0.028 CTG 2018 0.0506 0.0579 5.7818 0.0067 0.071 0.069 62 CTG 2019 0.0891 0.0623 5.7924 0.0105 0.07 0.092 CTG 2020 0.1133 0.0637 5.8054 0.0091 0.029 0.032 EIB 2011 0.1669 0.0888 5.4739 0.0015 0.062 0.092 EIB 2012 0.1346 0.0929 5.4613 0.0014 0.052 0.066 EIB 2013 0.0655 0.0864 5.4610 0.0018 0.054 0.048 EIB 2014 -0.0123 0.0873 5.4522 0.0051 0.06 0.006 EIB 2015 0.0012 0.1053 5.4097 0.0115 0.067 0.019 EIB 2016 0.0027 0.1044 5.4149 0.0085 0.062 0.035 EIB 2017 0.0521 0.0954 5.4396 0.0040 0.068 0.028 EIB 2018 0.0443 0.0975 5.4432 0.0047 0.071 0.069 EIB 2019 0.0213 0.0940 5.4587 0.0041 0.07 0.092 EIB 2020 0.0511 0.1048 5.4515 0.0042 0.029 0.032 HDB 2011 0.3248 0.0788 5.2397 0.0019 0.062 0.092 HDB 2012 0.0023 0.1022 5.2662 0.0057 0.052 0.066 HDB 2013 -0.0430 0.0996 5.3480 0.0022 0.054 0.048 HDB 2014 -0.0170 0.0892 5.3719 0.0046 0.06 0.006 HDB 2015 0.0633 0.0924 5.3832 0.0088 0.067 0.019 HDB 2016 0.0403 0.0662 5.4406 0.0066 0.062 0.035 HDB 2017 0.0875 0.0780 5.4791 0.0054 0.068 0.028 HDB 2018 0.1355 0.0779 5.5011 0.0046 0.071 0.069 HDB 2019 0.1657 0.0888 5.5111 0.0056 0.07 0.092 HDB 2020 0.1486 0.0774 5.5661 0.0056 0.029 0.032 KLB 2011 0.1709 0.1936 5.0855 0.0020 0.062 0.092 KLB 2012 0.1358 0.1854 5.0922 0.0039 0.052 0.066 KLB 2013 0.1494 0.1626 5.1155 0.0039 0.054 0.048 KLB 2014 0.0828 0.1456 5.1285 0.0018 0.06 0.006 KLB 2015 0.0778 0.1332 5.1438 0.0026 0.067 0.019 KLB 2016 0.0203 0.1105 5.1745 0.0030 0.062 0.035 KLB 2017 0.0669 0.0951 5.2085 0.0018 0.068 0.028 KLB 2018 0.0309 0.0886 5.2293 0.0009 0.071 0.069 KLB 2019 -0.0057 0.0742 5.2608 0.0015 0.07 0.092 63 KLB 2020 0.0046 0.0684 5.2798 0.0000 0.029 0.032 LPB 2011 0.0912 0.1175 5.2765 0.0050 0.062 0.092 LPB 2012 0.0342 0.1113 5.3045 0.0034 0.052 0.066 LPB 2013 0.0912 0.0914 5.3347 0.0009 0.054 0.048 LPB 2014 0.0817 0.0733 5.3740 0.0030 0.06 0.006 LPB 2015 0.0495 0.0706 5.3849 0.0047 0.067 0.019 LPB 2016 0.1264 0.0587 5.4310 0.0035 0.062 0.035 LPB 2017 0.0834 0.0574 5.4546 0.0032 0.068 0.028 LPB 2018 0.0672 0.0583 5.4661 0.0035 0.071 0.069 LPB 2019 0.0936 0.0623 5.4899 0.0022 0.07 0.092 LPB 2020 0.0858 0.0587 5.5202 0.0023 0.029 0.032 MBB 2011 0.1798 0.0695 5.4274 0.0046 0.062 0.092 MBB 2012 0.1164 0.0733 5.4665 0.0115 0.052 0.066 MBB 2013 0.1436 0.0840 5.4710 0.0105 0.054 0.048 MBB 2014 0.2838 0.0826 5.4886 0.0101 0.06 0.006 MBB 2015 0.1407 0.1049 5.5049 0.0095 0.067 0.019 MBB 2016 0.1485 0.1038 5.5295 0.0079 0.062 0.035 MBB 2017 0.1268 0.0943 5.5633 0.0104 0.068 0.028 MBB 2018 0.1507 0.0943 5.5873 0.0084 0.071 0.069 MBB 2019 0.1686 0.0969 5.6085 0.0119 0.07 0.092 MBB 2020 0.1565 0.1012 5.6393 0.0124 0.029 0.032 MSB 2011 -0.0218 0.0831 5.3951 0.0010 0.062 0.092 MSB 2012 -0.0568 0.0827 5.3885 0.0046 0.052 0.066 MSB 2013 -0.0397 0.0879 5.3842 0.0000 0.054 0.048 MSB 2014 -0.0445 0.0905 5.3798 0.0069 0.06 0.006 MSB 2015 -0.0457 0.1305 5.3797 0.0051 0.067 0.019 MSB 2016 -0.0614 0.1469 5.3599 0.0188 0.062 0.035 MSB 2017 -0.1455 0.1223 5.3919 0.0091 0.068 0.028 MSB 2018 -0.0368 0.1003 5.4261 0.0054 0.071 0.069 MSB 2019 0.0708 0.0947 5.4479 0.0059 0.07 0.092 MSB 2020 0.0984 0.0955 5.4676 0.0061 0.029 0.032 64 NAB 2011 0.0934 0.1669 5.0949 0.0001 0.062 0.092 NAB 2012 0.0451 0.2047 5.0674 0.0051 0.052 0.066 NAB 2013 0.0144 0.1132 5.1651 0.0027 0.054 0.048 NAB 2014 0.0691 0.0893 5.2083 0.0021 0.06 0.006 NAB 2015 0.0634 0.0963 5.2000 0.0069 0.067 0.019 NAB 2016 -0.0136 0.0801 5.2315 0.0112 0.062 0.035 NAB 2017 0.0152 0.0674 5.2714 0.0096 0.068 0.028 NAB 2018 0.1107 0.0564 5.3249 -0.0013 0.071 0.069 NAB 2019 0.0721 0.0524 5.3636 -0.0001 0.07 0.092 NAB 2020 0.0573 0.0491 5.4219 0.0042 0.029 0.032 NVB 2011 0.0957 0.1430 5.1241 0.0031 0.062 0.092 NVB 2012 0.0091 0.1476 5.1172 0.0041 0.052 0.066 NVB 2013 0.0038 0.1102 5.1668 0.0008 0.054 0.048 NVB 2014 -0.0017 0.0872 5.2063 -0.0003 0.06 0.006 NVB 2015 -0.0020 0.0667 5.2512 0.0023 0.067 0.019 NVB 2016 0.0079 0.0468 5.3109 0.0031 0.062 0.035 NVB 2017 0.0241 0.0448 5.3176 0.0009 0.068 0.028 NVB 2018 0.0260 0.0446 5.3189 0.0009 0.071 0.069 NVB 2019 0.0482 0.0536 5.3363 0.0009 0.07 0.092 NVB 2020 0.1016 0.0476 5.3544 0.0005 0.029 0.032 OCB 2011 0.1220 0.1476 5.1445 0.0030 0.062 0.092 OCB 2012 0.1148 0.1393 5.1571 0.0092 0.052 0.066 OCB 2013 0.1386 0.1209 5.1869 0.0091 0.054 0.048 OCB 2014 0.0575 0.1028 5.2162 0.0077 0.06 0.006 OCB 2015 -0.0009 0.0855 5.2553 0.0074 0.067 0.019 OCB 2016 0.0893 0.0739 5.2978 0.0052 0.062 0.035 OCB 2017 0.1184 0.0728 5.3442 0.0030 0.068 0.028 OCB 2018 0.0850 0.0880 5.3726 0.0094 0.071 0.069 OCB 2019 -0.1085 0.0974 5.4005 0.0079 0.07 0.092 OCB 2020 -0.1643 0.1143 5.4431 0.0083 0.029 0.032 PGB 2011 0.1563 0.1474 5.0830 0.0069 0.062 0.092 65 PGB 2012 0.0666 0.1658 5.0982 0.0147 0.052 0.066 PGB 2013 -0.0265 0.1290 5.1408 0.0065 0.054 0.048 PGB 2014 0.0593 0.1295 5.1468 0.0040 0.06 0.006 PGB 2015 -0.0009 0.1366 5.1395 0.0085 0.067 0.019 PGB 2016 0.0573 0.1408 5.1405 0.0082 0.062 0.035 PGB 2017 0.0868 0.1215 5.1681 0.0157 0.068 0.028 PGB 2018 0.1315 0.1233 5.1715 0.0174 0.071 0.069 PGB 2019 0.0063 0.0166 5.1806 0.0147 0.07 0.092 PGB 2020 0.0444 0.0178 5.2031 0.0078 0.029 0.032 SCB 2012 0.0649 0.0762 5.4394 0.0059 0.052 0.066 SCB 2013 -0.0231 0.0724 5.4716 0.0038 0.054 0.048 SCB 2014 -0.0314 0.0544 5.5201 0.0055 0.06 0.006 SCB 2015 -0.1097 0.0496 5.5621 0.0073 0.067 0.019 SCB 2016 -0.0733 0.0427 5.5870 0.0041 0.062 0.035 SCB 2017 -0.0176 0.0350 5.6212 0.0020 0.068 0.028 SCB 2018 0.7112 0.0326 5.6439 0.0042 0.071 0.069 SCB 2019 -0.2147 0.0293 5.6622 0.0042 0.07 0.092 SCB 2020 -0.0137 0.0262 5.6805 0.0021 0.029 0.032 SEA 2011 0.0307 0.0548 5.3745 0.0007 0.062 0.092 SEA 2012 0.0084 0.0744 5.3249 0.0020 0.052 0.066 SEA 2013 0.0268 0.0717 5.3352 0.0009 0.054 0.048 SEA 2014 -0.0550 0.0709 5.3359 0.0025 0.06 0.006 SEA 2015 0.0249 0.0681 5.3451 0.0011 0.067 0.019 SEA 2016 0.0152 0.0569 5.3782 0.0063 0.062 0.035 SEA 2017 0.0198 0.0494 5.4099 0.0044 0.068 0.028 SEA 2018 0.0252 0.0591 5.4294 0.0040 0.071 0.069 SEA 2019 0.0548 0.0694 5.4483 0.0116 0.07 0.092 SEA 2020 0.0765 0.0759 5.4709 0.0038 0.029 0.032 SGB 2011 0.0806 0.0691 5.3156 0.0024 0.062 0.092 SGB 2012 0.1356 0.0769 5.3982 -0.0005 0.052 0.066 SGB 2013 0.0844 0.0721 5.4330 -0.0034 0.054 0.048 66 SGB 2014 0.0659 0.0620 5.4602 0.0037 0.06 0.006 SGB 2015 0.0668 0.0550 5.4921 0.0041 0.067 0.019 SGB 2016 0.0516 0.0566 5.5144 0.0056 0.062 0.035 SGB 2017 0.0740 0.0514 5.5478 0.0066 0.068 0.028 SGB 2018 0.0562 0.0505 5.5683 0.0044 0.071 0.069 SGB 2019 0.0621 0.0507 5.5886 0.0066 0.07 0.092 SGB 2020 0.0366 0.0582 5.6089 0.0112 0.029 0.032 SHB 2011 0.1034 0.2151 5.0605 0.0131 0.062 0.092 SHB 2012 0.1137 0.2383 5.0549 0.0019 0.052 0.066 SHB 2013 0.0941 0.2384 5.0530 0.0106 0.054 0.048 SHB 2014 0.1034 0.2203 5.0654 0.0154 0.06 0.006 SHB 2015 0.0133 0.1911 5.0846 0.0151 0.067 0.019 SHB 2016 0.0809 0.1845 5.0963 0.0071 0.062 0.035 SHB 2017 0.0221 0.1603 5.1151 0.0132 0.068 0.028 SHB 2018 0.0098 0.1686 5.1075 0.0169 0.071 0.069 SHB 2019 0.0739 0.1561 5.1264 0.0009 0.07 0.092 SHB 2020 0.0322 0.1512 5.1344 0.0066 0.029 0.032 STB 2011 0.1004 0.1028 5.4305 0.0028 0.062 0.092 STB 2012 0.0643 0.0901 5.4426 0.0088 0.052 0.066 STB 2013 0.1305 0.1057 5.4525 0.0027 0.054 0.048 STB 2014 0.0982 0.0952 5.4795 0.0051 0.06 0.006 STB 2015 0.0318 0.0756 5.5513 0.0077 0.067 0.019 STB 2016 -0.0107 0.0668 5.5727 0.0021 0.062 0.035 STB 2017 0.0264 0.0631 5.5901 0.0022 0.068 0.028 STB 2018 0.0440 0.0607 5.6062 0.0039 0.071 0.069 STB 2019 0.0482 0.0590 5.6247 0.0047 0.07 0.092 STB 2020 0.0442 0.0588 5.6384 0.0062 0.029 0.032 TCB 2011 -0.2187 0.0672 5.1409 0.0038 0.062 0.092 TCB 2012 0.0638 0.2195 5.0578 0.0005 0.052 0.066 TCB 2013 0.1703 0.1153 5.1833 0.0026 0.054 0.048 TCB 2014 0.2044 0.0823 5.2620 -0.0010 0.06 0.006 67 TCB 2015 0.1451 0.0630 5.3274 0.0018 0.067 0.019 TCB 2016 0.0866 0.0537 5.3821 0.0026 0.062 0.035 TCB 2017 0.0955 0.0538 5.4087 0.0037 0.068 0.028 TCB 2018 0.1321 0.0780 5.4242 0.0038 0.071 0.069 TCB 2019 0.1491 0.0795 5.4556 0.0079 0.07 0.092 TCB 2020 0.1369 0.0812 5.4934 0.0086 0.029 0.032 TPB 2011 0.1574 0.0693 5.4712 0.0019 0.062 0.092 TPB 2012 0.0557 0.0739 5.4706 0.0081 0.052 0.066 TPB 2013 0.0339 0.0876 5.4499 0.0089 0.054 0.048 TPB 2014 0.0567 0.0852 5.4668 0.0128 0.06 0.006 TPB 2015 0.0947 0.0857 5.4814 0.0189 0.067 0.019 TPB 2016 0.1154 0.0832 5.5154 0.0156 0.062 0.035 TPB 2017 0.2011 0.1000 5.5379 0.0134 0.068 0.028 TPB 2018 0.2468 0.1613 5.5671 0.0058 0.071 0.069 TPB 2019 0.2472 0.1618 5.5968 0.0024 0.07 0.092 TPB 2020 0.2657 0.1697 5.6195 0.0059 0.029 0.032 VAB 2012 0.0818 0.0781 5.5893 0.0095 0.062 0.092 VAB 2013 0.0756 0.1003 5.6097 0.0080 0.052 0.066 VAB 2014 0.2380 0.0904 5.6303 0.0075 0.054 0.048 VAB 2015 0.0855 0.0751 5.6648 0.0079 0.06 0.006 VAB 2016 0.0427 0.0670 5.6908 0.0090 0.067 0.019 VAB 2017 0.0630 0.0610 5.7167 0.0081 0.062 0.035 VAB 2018 0.0866 0.0508 5.7622 0.0060 0.068 0.028 VAB 2019 0.1367 0.0579 5.7684 0.0069 0.071 0.069 VAB 2020 0.1875 0.0662 5.7900 0.0054 0.07 0.092 VCB 2011 0.1759 0.0709 5.8035 0.0075 0.029 0.032 VCB 2012 -0.0129 0.1436 5.1390 0.0003 0.052 0.066 VCB 2013 0.0763 0.1327 5.1547 0.0011 0.054 0.048 VCB 2014 0.0786 0.1022 5.2005 0.0000 0.06 0.006 VCB 2015 0.1022 0.0936 5.2276 0.0077 0.067 0.019 VCB 2016 0.0406 0.0654 5.2916 0.0059 0.062 0.035 68 VCB 2017 0.0446 0.0639 5.2994 0.0048 0.068 0.028 VCB 2018 0.0265 0.0594 5.3163 0.0065 0.071 0.069 VCB 2019 0.0374 0.0581 5.3279 0.0048 0.07 0.092 VCB 2020 0.0446 0.0662 5.3486 0.0009 0.029 0.032 VIB 2011 0.0530 0.0842 5.3675 0.0100 0.062 0.092 VIB 2012 0.0548 0.1287 5.3010 0.0114 0.052 0.066 VIB 2013 -0.0389 0.1038 5.3289 0.0113 0.054 0.048 VIB 2014 0.2478 0.1054 5.3369 0.0015 0.06 0.006 VIB 2015 -0.0143 0.1021 5.3443 0.0060 0.067 0.019 VIB 2016 -0.0288 0.0836 5.3801 0.0058 0.062 0.035 VIB 2017 0.0175 0.0714 5.4074 0.0028 0.068 0.028 VIB 2018 0.1117 0.0767 5.4278 0.0047 0.071 0.069 VIB 2019 0.2045 0.0728 5.4748 0.0034 0.07 0.092 VIB 2020 0.2215 0.0735 5.5218 0.0039 0.029 0.032 VIDBank 2014 0.1488 0.1817 4.9686 0.0035 0.06 0.006 VIDBank 2015 0.1645 0.1798 4.9843 0.0037 0.067 0.019 VIDBank 2016 0.2093 0.2622 5.0383 0.0015 0.062 0.035 VIDBank 2017 0.2081 0.2328 5.0682 0.0019 0.068 0.028 VIDBank 2018 0.1673 0.2015 5.1015 0.0014 0.071 0.069 VIDBank 2019 0.1647 0.2637 5.1579 0.0019 0.07 0.092 VPB 2014 0.0648 0.0005 5.4544 0.0060 0.06 0.006 VPB 2015 -0.1750 0.0691 5.4830 0.0169 0.067 0.019 VPB 2016 -0.2031 0.0751 5.5106 0.0232 0.062 0.035 VPB 2017 -0.2475 0.1069 5.5430 0.0288 0.068 0.028 VPB 2018 -0.2666 0.1075 5.5683 0.0348 0.071 0.069 VPB 2019 0.1273 0.1119 5.5940 0.0363 0.07 0.092 VPB 2020 0.1504 0.1260 5.6115 0.0349 0.029 0.032 69 Appendix – Descriptive statistics Appendix – Correlation analysis Appendix - Multicollinearity test 70 Appendix - Pooled OLS Appendix – FEM 71 Appendix – REM Appendix – Hausman test 72 Appendix - Breusch and Pagan Lagrangian multiplier test 10 Appendix 10 – Autocorrelation diganostics 73 11 Appendix 11 – Model fix 74 ... 2.1 Theory of the competitiveness of commercial banks .17 2.1.1 Commercial banks 17 2.1.2 Banks? ?? competitiveness 17 2.1.3 The criteria to measure the competitiveness of the. .. considers factors that have a significant impact on the competitiveness of Vietnamese commercial banks Based on the above, the author selected the topic "Factors affecting the competitiveness of Vietnamese. .. outcome corresponds to hypothesis 2's predictions The expansion of the scale of commercial banks will reduce the competitiveness of commercial banks The size of commercial banks includes equity,