Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 9

1 Ko;;;]]ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP TIẾNG ANH Năm học 2014 - 2015 CHƯƠNG 1: CÁC THÌ TRONG TIẾNG ANH 1.Thì đơn a.Với động từ Tobe: - He/ She /It /Mai is : - They / You/ We / Mai and Lan are : I am : * form (+) S + Be {+ adj (N)/} = C (Complement) bổ ngữ *eg: I am a good teacher (-) S + Be + not + C He is not a student (?) Be + S + adj  Are they tall ? b Với động từ thường: * form (+) He/ She/ It + V- s/es + O * eg:  He watches TV every night (+) You/ We/ They / I + Vinf + O  They watch TV Câu phủ định nghi vấn ta phải mượn trợ động từ do/does (-) He/ She/ It /Nam + does + not + V- inf + O  She does not watch TV (-) You/ We / They / I + + not + V- inf + O (?) Does + He/ She/ It + V- inf + O ?  Do you watch TV? (?) Do + They / You/ We + V- inf + O ? c Cách dùng : Diễn tả hành động:- thường xuyên xảy ra- hành động lặp lặp lại Các trạng từ thường xuyên với hiên đơn (Adv) never,sometimes,often, usually, frequently, always, every (day/week/night/month…) Trạng từ thường xuyên trước động từ thường, sau động từ TO BE trợ động từ * eg: He always watches TV every night They often watch TV She does usually not watch TV Do you often watch TV? * eg: Nam is often late for class - Một thật hiển nhiên * eg: The Earth goes around the Sun (Trái đất quay quanh mặt trời) 2.Thì tiếp diễn * form: (+) S + Be + V-ing + O  (Be = am/are/is) (-) S + Be + not + V-ing + O (?) Be + S + V-ing + O * Adv : now, at the moment, at present, right now * eg: Nam is reading book now Nam and Lan are listening to music at this moment What are you doing now ? * Cách dùng: - Diễn tả hành động xảy thời điểm nói 3.Thì hoàn thành * form: (+) S + has / have + V- ed (pp) + O (-) S + has /have + not + V- ed (pp) + O (?) Has / have + S + V- ed (pp) + O ? PP = Past Participle Quá khứ phân từ QTắc V-ed : BQT xem cột (V3) *Adv: just, recently, ever, never, already, since, for, so far, yet, up to now, lately, twice, three times, many times, not…yet eg: I have just seen my sister in the park *Note: (just,ever, never, already) sau have/has She has finished her homework recently ( recently,lately,yet) đặt cuối câu *Cách dùng: - Diễn tả hành động vừa xảy - Hành động xảy khứ mà không rõ thời gian - Hành động xảy khứ liên quan đến tiếp diễn đến tương lai - Hành động xảy lặp lặp lại nhiều lần 4Thì khứ đơn a.Với động từ Tobe: * I/ He / She / It (Nam) Was *eg: Nam was absent from class yesterday * You / We / They (Nam and Lan) Were  Were Minh and Mai in hospital last month? b.Với động từ đơn: *form: (+) S + V- ed/(V2 BQT) + O *eg: Tom went to Paris last summer Câu phủ định nghi vấn ta phải mượn trợ động từ did (-) S + did not + Vinf + O  He did not watch TV last night (?) Did + S + Vinf + O ?  Did you go to HCM city two days ago? Adv: Yesterday, ago, last (week/month/ year/ … ) c.Cách dùng : - Diễn tả hành động xảy khứ chấm dứt hẵn QK 5.Thì khứ tiếp diễn * form (+) S + Was/ were + V- ing + O (-) S + Was/ were + not + V- ing + O (?) Was/ were + S + V- ing + O? Cách dùng : - Diễn tả hành động xảy khứ thời điểm xác định cụ thể - => I was doing my homework at p.m last Sunday - Diễn tả hai hay nhiều hành động xảy khứ (While) - => I was cooking while my sister was washing the dishes - Diễn tả hành động xảy hành động khác đến cắt ngang.(When) - => When the teacher came, we were singing a song 6.Thì q khứ hồn thành * form : (+) S + had + V- ed (pp)/ V3BQT + O (-) S + had + not + V- ed (pp)/ V3BQT + O (?) Had + S + V- ed (pp)/ V3BQT + O.? * eg: We had lived in Hue before 1975 After the children had finished their homework, they went to bed = Before the children went to bed, they had finished their homework *Cách dùng: - Diễn tả hành động xảy hoàn thành khứ (- Trong câu có hai hành động hành động xảy trước dùng q khứ hồn thành cịn hành động sau dùng khứ đơn ) Thì tương lai thường * form : (+) S + Will + Vinf + O (He will = He’ll) * eg: I will call you tomorrow (-) S + Will + not + V + O (will not = won’t)  He’ll come back next week (?) Will + S + Vinf + O ?  Will Nam play soccer? *Adv Tomorrow, next (week/ month …), soon *Cách dùng : - Diễn tả hành động xảy tương lai Thì tương có dự định.(Be going to) * form: (+) She / He / It + is + going to + V(inf) + O (-) They / You / We + are + going to + V(inf) +O (?) I + am + going to + V(inf) + O *eg: My father is going to go to visit Ha long Bay = My father is going to visit Ha long Bay We aren’t going to the movies Are you going to write a letter ? * Cách dùng : - Diễn tả hành động sửa xảy dự định tới Một dự định, kế hoạch Bài tập A Chia động từ ngoặc thích hợp 1.Be quiet ! The baby ( sleep) ………………… The sun ( set)………… in the West 3.Mr Green always ( go)…………… to work by bus It ( not rain ) ……………in the dry season They ( have )…………… lunch in the cafeteria now My little sister ( drink) …………… milk every day The doctor sometimes ( return) ……………… home late He ( write)…………… a long novel at present Look ! The bus ( come)………………… 10 The earth (move) ………………around the sun 11.Sometime ( smell) …………….good in the kitchen now 12.His uncle ( teach) ……………….English in our school five years ago 13 The old man( fall) as he (get)…………… into the bus 14 When I saw him, he (sit)……………… asleep in a chair 15 There (be) ……………… a lot of noise at the fair yesterday 16 It (take) …………… me minutes to walk to school last year 17.They ( not speak)……………… to each other since they quaralled 18 I (try)…………… to learn English for years, but I ( not succeed)…………….yet 19.I (not see) ……………….her since last week 20 John( do)……………… his homework already 22 There (be)……………an English class in this room tomorrow evening 24 You (stay)…………… at home tonight? 25.I( be)………… twenty years old next June 26.Where are you?- I’m upstairs I (have)…………… a bath 27.All of them (sing) ……………when I( came)…………… 28.What …… you( do) ……… at p.m yesterday? 29 Where ………….you ( spend) ……………your holiday last year? 30 Why didn’t you listen while I (speak)……………… to you? II Chia động từ ngoặc 1.A: I …………( not see) Andrew for weeks B: Nor me, It’s weeks since I last …….( see) him 2.A: What……( you/do) last night? B: Well, I …… ( be) very tired, so I … ( go) to bed very early 3.A: ……….( you/ meet) Julie recently? B: Yes, I …….(see) her a few days ago A: Are you still playing tennis? B: No, I … ( not be) able to play tennis since I (break) my arm A: What part of birmingham ( you/live) when you … (be) a student? B: A place called Selly Oak ………( you/ever/be) there? A.Chia động từ ngoặc If you ( go) away, please write to me If you ( be) in, I should have given it to you If he (eat) another cake, he will be sick I ( not ) that if I (be) you If he (take) my advice, everything can go well I would have come sooner if I ( know) you were here He never does homework If he( do) _ his homework, he(not worry) about his exam 8.It’s too bad we lost the game If you (play) for us, we( win) 9.What you (do) if she refuses your invitation? 10 If today (be) Sunday, we (go) to the beach Keys I 1.is sleeping sets are having drinks is coming 10 moves 13 fell / got 14 was sitting 17 have n’t spoken 18 have tries 21.had started 22 will be 25 will be 26 am having 29 did … spend 30 was speaking II haven’t seen – saw did you – was – went have you met – saw haven’t been – broke did you live- were – have you ever been CHUYEN DE goes returns 11 smells 15 was 19.have not seen 23.had already begun 27 were singing does not rain is writing 12 taught 16 took 20.has done 24 will you 28 were … doing CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN I Lý thuyết - Một câu điều kiện thường có hai mệnh đề mệnh đề (Main clause)và mệnh đề phụ(If clause) Mệnh đề phụ (If clause)có thể đặt trước sau mệnh đề chính.(Main clause) - Có loại câu điều kiện: 1.Câu điều kiện 1: điều kiện xảy * form: MỆNH ĐỀ IF MỆNH ĐỀ CHÍNH Simple present( HTđ) Simple future( TLđ) If + S + V(HT) +O , S + Will/ Shall + V(inf) + O * eg: If I have time, I shall visit you John usually walks to school if he has enough time If she eats much, she will be over weight Câu điều kiện : điều kiện khơng có thật * form : MỆNH ĐỀ IF MỆNH ĐỀ CHÍNH Past simple (QKĐ) , would/could/ should/ might + Vinf If + S + V–ed (V2) + O, S + would/ could + V(inf) + O *Note: Tobe dùng Were cho tất ( Mệnh đề If) * eg: If I had much money , I would buy a new bicycle If you practised English every day , you could speak it fluently If I were you, I would not tell him about that I Bài tập A.Chia động từ ngoặc If you ( go) away, please write to me If he (eat) another cake, he will be sick I ( not ) that if I (be) you If he (take) my advice, everything can go well He never does homework If he( do) _ his homework, he(not worry) about his exam 9.What you (do) if she refuses your invitation? 10 If today (be) Sunday, we (go) to the beach 11 Unless they (pass) their examinations, they would join the army 12 You (be) ill if you drink that water 13 If Tom (go) to bed earlier, he would not be so tired 15 If it’s raining heavily, we (not go) for a donkey ride 16 If he (try) hard, he’ll pass the examination 17 I could understand the French teacher if she (speak) more slowly 19 If I (finish) the work in time, I ( go) to the football game 20 If you( see) Mary today, please ( ask) her to call me B.Viết lại câu sau cho nghĩa câu không thay đổi That man doesn’t work hard.He can’t earn more money 2.I don’t tell him the answer because he is from home My friend and I don’t have enough money , so we will not buy a house of our own The weather isn’t better now, so we can’t go for a walk I don’t know his address, and I don’t give it to you 6.He does not work slowly enough, so he makes many mistakes I am not sent to prison She doesn’t visit me I don’t win a big prize in a lottery, so I don’t give up my job The doctor can’t see many patients because he is so late 10 We don’t visit them in Hanoi because tickets are expensive Keys A go had been eats wouldn’t do/ were 5.takes had known did/ wouldn’t worry had played/ would have won will ….do 10 were /would go 11.passed 12 will be 13.went 14 would have written 15.won’t go 16 tries 17 spoke 18 hadn’t been 19 finish/ will go 20 see / ask B 1.If the man worked hard , he could earn more money If he weren’t away from home, I would tell him the answer 3.If my friend and had enough money, we would buy a house of our own If the weather were better now, we could go for a walk If I knew his address,I would give it to you If he worked slowly enough, he would not make many mistakes If I were sent to prison, I would visit me If I won a big prize in a lottery, I would give up my job If the doctor weren’t so late, he could see many patients 10 If ticket weren’t expensive, we would visit them in Hanoi I CHƯƠNG CÁCH DÙNG ĐỘNG TỪ “ WISH” Lý thuyết - Động từ Wish = If only ( ao ước) thường dùng để diễn tả ước muốn, điều khơng có thật khó thực Có loại câu ước Future wish:( ước muốn tương lai) * form: S1 + wish + S2 + would/ could + V(inf) + O  If only + S + would/ could + V(inf) + O * eg:- I wish I would be an astronaut in the future - Tom wishes he could visit Paris next summer - If only I would take the trip with you next Sunday Present wish( ước muốn tại) * form: S1 + wish + S2 + V- ed + O Were + adj / n *Note: Tobe dùng Were cho tất Could + V (inf) * eg:- I wish I were rich (but I am poor now) - I can’t swim I wish I could swim - If only Ben were here ( but Ben isn’t here I wish he were here) - We wish that we didn’t have to go to class today ( but we have go to class today) Past wish: ( ước muốn khứ) (Học lớp 10,11,12) * form: S1 + wish + S2 + had + V- ed (pp) + O could have + V- ed(pp) + O * eg :- I wish I hadn’t failed my exam last year ( I failed my exam ) - She wishes she had had enough money to buy the house ( she didn’t have enough money to buy it ) - If only I had met her yesterday ( I didn’t meet her ) - She wishes she could have been there ( she couldn’t be there) II Bài tập : A Chia động từ ngoặc She wishes her father ( be) here now to help her I wish they ( visit) _us when they were in town I wish someone ( give) _ me a job next month If only I ( can take) _the trip to Hanoi with her next summer I wish they ( know) _the truth yesterday I wish I (see) _ that film on TV again We wish she (be) _ our teacher of English My brother wishes he (not waste) _ time when he was young They wish they (come) _ to class on time yesterday morning 10 I wish I ( spend) _my last summer vacation in the mountains 11.I wish she (come) _ to see me yesterday .If only I ( have) _more time to this job 13.He missed an exciting football match on TV last night He wishes he (watch) it 14.I wish you ( not give ) them my phone number yesterday.We wish we ( understand) all the teacher’s explanation yesterday B Viết lại câu sau cho nghĩa câu không thay đổi What a pity the weather isn’t nice. _ Your cousin doesn’t tell you the truth _ I’m sorry you don’t study hard _ I can’t lend you any money _  1.Make sentences with “ wish…” based on the words: 1.student/wish/have/new/computer………………………………………… 2.brother/ wish/stay/big/city 3.We/wish/it/not/rain……………………………… 4.Nga/wish/visit/parents/every day……………………… 5.boys/wish/can/swim/in.the.river…………………………………………………  2.Put the verbs in these sentences with the correct form 1/ I wish I ( be) _ at the library now 2/ He wishes he ( can) _ finish the course 3/ I wish My parents ( come) _ back tomorrow 4/ She wishes she ( play) _ chess well.5/ They wish they ( can) _ study English well She wishes her farther (be) here now to help her I wish I (know) her telephone number I wish they (visit) us at the moment I wish someone ( give) me a job next month We wish we (understand) all the teacher's explanation He wishes he (watch) it on TV tonight I wish I (have) more time to this job I wish she (come) to see me every day I wish that some day I ( be ) able to marry her 10 We wish we (pass) .next exam  4.Write the sentences beginning “I wish” 1/ I don’t know many people in the town ……………………………  I wish I knew many people in the town…………………………………………… 2/ It would be nice to be able to fly a plane…………………………………… 3/ It’s a shame I don’t have a key ………………………………………………… 4/ Ann isn’t here and I need to see her………………… 8/ I’m sorry I can’t go to the party………………………………… 10/ It’s a pity the weather isn’t better today……………………………………  5.WISH-SENTENCES” 1- I can’t go shopping with my mother * I wish _ 2- Lan can’t visit her friend.* Lan wishes _ 3- They don’t know how to speak Chinese.* They wish _ 4- I miss the cartoon on TV.* I wish 5- Phong can’t win the championship * Phong wishes 6- Their team don’t play very well * They wish _ 7- Lien never goes on a camping trip * Lien wishes 8- Ba and Nam can’t join in the sightseeing tour …………………… They wish sister doesn’t have a mobile phone * Her sister wishes 10- The students can’t leave for Ha Noi with the team * The students wish 11- She doesn’t get good marks * She wishes _ 12- Phong doesn’t have a computer at home * Phong wishes _ 13- Thu doesn’t have time to go to the movies with her friend * Thu wishes 14- Trang can’t participate in the tournament in Ha Noi * Trang wishes 15- Her mother doesn’t buy her new clothes for Tet * Her mother wishes 16- Ba can’t take part in the trip to the city Museum * Ba wishes Keys A were visited would see 7.were 11 had come 12 had 13 had watched 14 had not given B 1.I wish the weather were nice 3.I wish you studied hard I wish he invited us to the party I wish Tom were here now I wish they visited us would give had not wasted could take had come 5.had known 10 had spent 15 had understood I wish your cousin told you the truth I wish I could lend you some money I wish I could easily give the answer I wish we bought that house 10 I wish she weren’t often late for school CHƯƠNG 4: CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG (THE PASSIVE VOICE) A Lý thuyết  Quan sát: - Câu chủ động: Mr Smith teaches English (Active) - Câu bị động: English is taught by Mr Smith (Passive)  Qui tắc: - Tân ngữ chủ động  chủ ngữ bị động - Động từ bị động Be + Past Participle (pp) - Chủ ngữ chủ động  tân ngữ bị động ( trước có giới từ by tác nhân) *Note: by them/ by people/ by someone … Bỏ  Sơ đồ: S V O (Active) a b S be + V-ed (pp) by + O (Passive) Bảng tóm tắt cơng thức câu bị động HTĐ Am, is, are + V- ed (pp) QKĐ Was, were + V- ed (pp) HTTD Am,is, are + being + V- ed (pp) QKĐD Was, were + being + V- ed (pp) HTHT Have, has + been + V- ed (pp) QKHT Had + been + V- ed (pp) MODEL Can,may,might,should,will VERBS Have to, used to, + be + V- ed (pp) Cách đổi: Bước 1: Lấy Tân ngữ (O) câu chủ động xuống làm Chủ từ (S)câu bị động Bước 2: a/ Lưu ý Động từ câu chủ động To Be b/ Động từ đổi sang dạng PP (QK phân từ) Bước 3: Lấy Chủ từ (S)câu chủ động xuống làm Tân ngữ (O)câu bị động đặt sau By nhân *eg: I learn English everyday => English is learnt by me everyday (Passive) 2.My mother wrote that letter => That letter was written by my mother (Passive) 3.He is asking me a lot of questions => I am being asked a lot of questions (Passive) 4.She was doing her homework at that time => Her homework was being done at that time (Passive) 5.My mother has made that cake => That cake has been made by my mother (Passive) They had prepared a dinner before we came tác => A dinner had been prepared before we came (Passive) My friend can answer this question => This question can be answered by my friend (Passive) Chuyển câu sau sang câu bị động They can’t make tea with cold water Somebody has taken some of my books away They will hold the meeting before May Day They have to repair the engine of the car People spend a lot of money on advertising everyday They may use this room for the classroom The teacher is going to tell a story Mary is cutting the cake with a sharp knife The teacher explains the lesson 10 Mrs Green is cooking the food in the kitchen 11 The doctor examined the patients 12 People speak English all over the world 13 He gave him back the money last Sunday 14 I can’t these exercises quickly 15 We must something before it’s too late 16 They make these artificial flowers of silk 17 Nick will bring the pizzas to our house 18 They used to drink beer for breakfast in England years ago Keys 1.Tea can’t be made with cold water All the workers of the plant were being instructed by the chief Some of my books have been taken away The meeting will be held before May Day The engine of the car has to be repaired The window was broken and some pictures were taken away by the boy A lot of money is spent on advertising everyday This room may be used for the classroom A story is going to be told by the teacher 10 The cake is being cut with a sharp knife by Mary 11 The woman with a red hat was looked at by the children 12 The victims have been provided with food and clothing 13 The lesson is explained by the teacher 14.The food is being cooked in the kitchen by Mrs Green 15.The patients were examined by the doctor 16.That noise was made by these boys 17 English is spoken all over the world 18 He was given the money back last Sunday 19 These exercises can’t be done quickly 20.The report had been finished by noon 21.Should Jane be helped with the sewing? 22 Judy’s car is being repaired by the mechanic 23.Something must be done before it’s too late 24 These artificial flowers are made of silk 25 Was LuLu fed last night ? 26 The pizzas will be brought to our house by Nick 27.Beer used to be drunk for breakfast in England years ago 10 28.The floor was being cleaned when I arrived 29 Have you ever been asked for your opinion ? 30 Where will you be sent next year CHƯƠNG 5: CÂU TRỰC TIẾP – GIÁN TIẾP A Lý thuyết - Lời nói gián tiếp tường thuật lại ý người nói  Cách đổi câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp: Thay đổi động từ Trực tiếp (Direct speech) Gián tiếp (Reported speech) HTĐ QKĐ HTTD ( is/are/am + V- ing) QKTD(was/were + V- ing) TLĐ ( Will ) TL QK ( Would ) Can Could / be able to Shall Should Must Had to Have to Had to Will Would QKĐ QKĐ Thay đổi chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, đại từ sở hữu - Ngôi thứ nhất: (I,we, me, mine,us,our) đổi sang thứ ba ( He, She, It,They, him/ her, his/ hers, its, their, them) phù hợp *eg: Jane said,” I live in the suburbs”  Jane said that she lived in the suburbs - Ngôi thứ hai ( You, your, yours ) đổi theo tân ngữ mệnh đề tường thuật *eg: He said to me,” You can take my book”  He TOLD me that I could take his book - Ngôi thứ ba ( He, She, It, They, him, his, her ,them ,their) giữ nguyên( không đổi) *eg: Mary says,” They come to help the pupils.”  Mary said that they came to help the pupils 3.Trạng từ thời gian Trực tiếp (Direct Gián tiếp (Reported speech) speech) now then ago before today that day tonight that day tomorrow the next day/the following day yesterday the day before last week/month/year the previous week/month/year next week/month/year the following week/month/year *eg: - “I’m going now” He said  He said he was going then - She said “ I was at Hue yesterday”  She said that she had been at Hue the day before Trạng từ nơi chốn Trực tiếp (Direct Gián tiếp (Reported speech) speech) here there 40 Our hotel was than all the others in the town (cheap) The United States is very large but Canada is (large) What’s the river in the world? (long) What is the sport in your country? (popular) Everest is the _ mountain in the world It is _ than any other mountains (high) We had a great holiday It was one of the holidays we’re ever had (enjoyable) I prefer this chair to the other one It’s (comfortable) What’s the way of getting from here to the station? (quick) I _ I.Chọn từ cụm từ ngoặc 1.Of the four dresses, I like the red one…………… (better/best) Bill is the ………………….(happier/happiest) person we know Pat’s cat is……………… (faster/fastest) than Peter’s 4.This poster is………………… (colourfuler/more colourful) than the one in the hall 5.Does Fred feel………………… ( weller/better) today than he did yesterday? 6.This vegetable soup tastes very……………… ( good/best) 7.Jane is the…………………… ( less/least) athletic of all the women My cat is the ……………………….( prettier/ prettiest) of the three 9.This summary is………………… ( the better/ the best) of the pairs 10 The colder the weather gets,………………(sicker/the sicker) I feel LESSON : ARTICLES (A, AN, THE) I Indefinite Articles: A/ AN A/An dùng trước: -danh từ đếm được, số *An: đứng trước nguyên âm “h” câm.(u,e,o,a,i) -trong cấu trúc: so + adj + a/an + noun such + a/an + noun as + adj + a/an + noun + as How + adj + a/an + noun + verb! -chỉ người đề cập qua tên -trước danh từ ngữ đồng vị -trong cụm từ số lượng A/An không dùng: -ONE sử dụng thay A/An để nhấn mạnh -trước danh từ không đếm -trước danh từ đếm số nhiều II Definite Article: THE THE dùng trước: -những vật -các danh từ xác định cụm tính từ mệnh đề tính từ Ex: a doctor, a bag, an animal, an hour……… Ex: an aminal, an hour……… Ex: She is so pretty a girl - It’s such a beautiful picture - She is as pretty a girl as her sister - How beautiful a girl you are! Ex: A Mrs Blue sent you this letter Ex: Nguyen Du, a great poet, wrote that novel Ex: a pair, a couple, a lot of, a little, a few, a large/great number of…… Ex: There is a book on the table, but one is not enough Ex: Coffee is also a kind of drink Ex: Dogs are faithful amimals Ex: the sun, the moon, the world… -The house with green fence is hers -The man that we met has just come 41 -các danh từ xác định qua Ex: Finally, the writer killed himself ngữ cảnh đề caäp - I have a book and an eraser The trước book is now on the table -các danh từ giải trí Ex:the theater,the concert,the church -trước tên tàu thuyền, máy Ex: The Titanic was a great ship bay -các sông, biển, đại dương, dãy Ex: the Mekong River, the China nuùi… Sea,the Pacific Ocean,the Himalayas -một nhóm đảo quốc Ex: the Philippines, the united States gia -tính từ dùng danh từ tập Ex: You should help the poor hợp -trong so sánh Ex: Nam is the cleverest in his class -tên người số nhiều (chỉ gia Ex:The Blacks, The Blues, the Nams đình) -các danh từ đại diện cho Ex: The cat is a lovely home pet loài -các trạng từ thời gian, nơi Ex: in the morning, in the street, in chốn the water… -số thứ tự Ex: the first, the second, the third… -chuỗi thời gian không gian Ex: the next, the following, the last THE không dùng: -trước danh từ số Ex: They build houses near the hall nhiều nói chung -danh từ trừu tượng, Ex: Independence is a happy thing không đếm -các danh từ màu Ex: Red and white make pink sắc -các môn học Ex: Math is her worst subject -các vật liệu, kim loại Ex: Steel is made from iron -các tên nước, châu Ex:Ha Noi is the capital of VietNam lục, thành phố -các chức danh, tên Ex: President Bill Clinton, Ba, Nga người -các bữa ăn, Ex: We have rice and fish for dinner ăn, thức ăn -các trò chơi, thể thao Ex: Football is a popular sport in VN -caùc loại bệnh tật Ex: Cold is a common disease -ngôn ngữ, tiếng nói Ex:English is being used everywhere -các kì nghỉ, lễ hội Ex: Tet, Christmas, Valentine… -các mũi đất (nhô Ex: Cape Horn, Lake Than Tho, Mount biển), hồ, núi Cấm, Mount Rushmore… *But: the Cape the Mount of Olive…… of Good Hope, the Great Lake, LESSON : EXERCISES (ARTICLES) I/ Fill in the blanks with a, an, the or ø (zero article) Jason’s father bought him bike that he wanted for his birthday _ Statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from France to United states Rita is studying _ English and _ Math this semester judge asked _ witness to tell truth 42 Please give me cup of _ coffee with cream and _ sugar big books on _ table are for my history class My car is four years old, and it still runs well There are only _ few seats for _ tonight’s musical chair that you are sitting in is broken 10 _ Civil War was fought in United States between 1861 and 1865 II.Fill in the gaps using :a/an/the or o 30/ which is …… longest river in ……… ….world? 32/ Ha noi is…………………… …capital of Vietnam 31/We looked up at all ……stars in……sky 33/ Your hat is ………… same color as mine 34/ I often go to ……………… cinema 35/ I usually listen to……………… radio 36/She always watches ……… television 37/We had……… lunch in … mice restaurant 38/Can you tell me where……… Room 25 is,please? 39/It is on……………… second floor 40/…………television was on but nobody was watching it 41/He is…… …engineer.He lives in……………… …country of ASIANS 42/ Do you think …………………rich should pay more taxes to help …………poor 43/ When was ………… …telephone invented? 44/ Can you play …………….…piano? I Use BECAUSE or ALTHOUGH to combine the sentences: (Dùng BECAUSE ALTHOUGH để nối câu sau) We lower the volume of the radio We don't want to bother our neighbours ………………………………………………………………… He is very rich He isn't happy ………………………… I'll write to you I want you to know my decision……………………………… She says a lot I don't believe her ………………………………………… They did their jobs well They hoped the boss would increase their salary ……………………………………………………… He got a good job He was not satisfied…………………………… Everyone understand the notes They are written in several languages ………………………………………………… She put the meat into the oven She wanted it to be ready for dinner …………………………………………………… Sue dutifully followed her parent's advice She didn't want to cause trouble for her parents …………………………………………………………… 10 He tries a lot in learning He isn't successful……………………………………… 11 Mrs Thompson is learning Vietnamese She wishes to read Kim Van Kieu …………………………………………… 12 The farmer built a high wall around his garden The fruits wouldn't be stolen ……………………………………………………… 13 I was very tired I couldn't come to the party……………………… 14 She can't answer my question She is very intelligent …………………………… 43 - 15 His life is hard He is determined to study well…………………………………… EXERCISE: I/Rewrite the following sentences: 1.In spite of all the noise outside, the student kept on working -Although 2Although the weather was hot, they played football -In spite of 3.Jim was absent because he was ill -Because of 4.Our train was late because the fog was quite thick -Because of 5.You are given the position because of your good English -Because Though they are poor, they are always neatly dressed -Despite 7.We will build socialism successfully in spite of all the difficulties -Although 8.They didn't go out because of the heavy rain - Because 9.He couldn't drive fast because the street was crowded and narrow -Because of 10.He didn't play tennis any longer He used I/ Choose the correct word or phrase for each blank C the city A London University B the Pacific Coast D the Alps B the Mekong River A Mount Everest C the Great Lakes D The world’s II/ Fill in the blanks with a, an, the or ø (zero article the2.The/ ø/ the ø/ ø The/ the/ the a/ ø/ ø/ ø The/ the ø a/ ø The 10 The/ the Part 1: Pick out TWO WORDS whose underlined parts are pronounced /id / (0, m) wanted laughed watched needed stopped Part 2: Choose the word or phrase in brackets that best completes each sentence (1,5 m) If you want to attend the course, you the coming written examination ( pass / will pass /would passed / passed) We won’t go out it stops raining ( if / unless /so /because) The house five months ago.( has completed / completed / was completed /were completed ) He turned off the light waste electricity.( without / so that not / so as not to /so as to not ) They seldom go to the party, ? ( they / don't they /are they / won't they) - A: "I suggest fixing the dripping faucet." - B: “(We will/ Good idea! / Yes, please/ You are welcome) " Part 3: Give the correct form of the verb in brackets (1,5 m) Our friends suggest (go)……………… on a picnic next week Please don't make so much noise The children (sleep) Our dustbins (empty) …………………… yesterday While he (read ) ., the phone rang Mai wishes she (be ) ……………… a teacher some day Congratulations, Trang You (just, win) the first prize in the English Speaking Contest Part 4: Give the correct form of the word in brackets (1 m) This stamp (collect)……………………… is valuable The villagers welcomed the visitors (warm) We are talking about the preservation of resources.(nature) Everyone must take part in preventing (forest) Part 5: Read the following passage carefully and the following tasks: (1,5m) A Use one of the following words to complete each numbered blank: (1 m) strongly were special made and dyed Sailors first used jeans They needed study clothing Their pants had to be strong They found a (l) …… type of cloth This material was thick and (2)…………… blue Genoa first made pants for the sailors The first person to sell jeans was Levi Strauss Later, famous stars (3)…………… jeans popular Jeans really caught on with teenagers Today, young people want to keep up with the trend They want to stay fashionable (4)……… buy designed jeans B Answer the following questions: (0, m) Were jeans first used by teenagers? By whom were jeans first sold? Part 6: Four phrases have been removed from the passage Choose from the phrases A-F the one which fits each gap ( m) Long ago a lot of people thought the moon was a god Other people thought(1) And others thought it was a big ball of cheese.Then telescopes were made And men saw that the moon was really another world They wondered (2) They dreamed of going there On July 20,1969,that dream came true (3) Their names were Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin The first thing the men found was that (4) The dust is so thick that the men left footprints where they walked Those were the first marks a living thing had ever made on the moon And they could stay there for years and years There is no wind or rain to wipe them off A.the moon is cover with dust B.it was just a light in the sky C.two American men landed on the moon D.the two men walked on the moon for hours E.what it was like F.they were off on their long trip back to earth Part 7: Combine each pair of the following sentences into one, using the word in brackets (1,5 m) The man is very famous You met him at the party last night (WHOM) My mother got wet She forgot her umbrella (SO) My sister doesn't study hard She can't pass the entrance exam (IF) Part 8: Finish each sentence in such a way that it means exactly the same as the one printed before it (1,5m) Lan asked me, " Do you go to school by bike ?" -> Lan asked me She did the test in 45 minutes yesterday -> It took John has just finished his homework -> John's homework ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ THI THỬ VÀO 10 Part 1: Pick out TWO WORDS whose underlined parts are pronounced /id / (0, m) wanted needed Part 2: Choose the word or phrase in brackets that best completes each sentence (1,5 m) must pass unless was completed 4.so as not to 5.do they 6.Good idea! Part 3: Give the correct form of the verb in brackets (1,5 m) going are sleeping were emptied was reading would be have just won Part 4: Give the correct form of the word in brackets (1 m) collection warmly natural deforestation Part 5: Read the following passage carefully and the following tasks: (1,5m) A Use one of the following words to complete each numbered blank: (1 m) special dyed made and B Answer the following questions: (0, m) No,they weren't Jeans was first sold by Levi Strauss Part 6: Four phrases have been removed from the passage Choose from the phrases A-F the one which fits each gap ( m) (1)B (2)E 3)C (4)A Part 7: Combine each pair of the following sentences into one, using the word in brackets (1,5 m) The man whom you met at the party last night is very famous My mother forgot her umbrella ,so she got wet If my sister studied hard,she could pass the entrance exam Part 8: Finish each sentence in such a way that it means exactly the same as the one printed before it (1,5m) Lan asked me.if I went to school by bike It took her 45 minutes to the test John's homework has just been finished by him TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 THPT NĂM 2014 Đề thi thử PART Give the right tenses and form of the verbs in the brackets (1,5m) They always (drink) …………… coffee in the morning I (send) …………… Lan an e-mail a month ago; and I (just / receive) …………her reply We (wait) ……………you in front of Quang Trung Museum at present I suggest you should (work) ………… harder If we go on (waste) …………… water, there will be a shortage of fresh water in a few decades PART Give the right form of the words in the brackets to finish the following sentences (1m) I’m …………… about my most recent water bill ( worry) …………… accounts for 10-15 percent of the electricity bill ( light) At Passover , Jewish people celebrate …………… from slavery ( free) The Internet has increasingly …………… and become part of our everyday life ( development ) PART Fill in each blank with the suitable words (1m) Malaysia is divided …………… two regions Hanh can’t go to the movies with us tonight because she has to …………… her little sister Tuan would get better grades …………… he studied harder I’ll go to the airport to meet some friends …………… come to stay with us during Christmas PART Each sentence has ONE mistake Find and correct it Number is an example (1m) I would like having a new computer having to have I used to playing volleyball well when I was young ……… ……… The old man is walking slow to the park ……… ……… You have read this article on the website, don’t you? ……… ……… I am very amazing that I won the first prize ……… ……… PART Complete each space with a suitable word , using the given words Remember that there are more words than needed ( 1m) communication work stay much language improve well If you go to a language school, you should try to speak English as (1) ……… as possible Students can (2) ……… with a local family This is a good opportunity to (3) ……… your English and to learn a lot about everyday life You should try to talk to students from other countries This will help you with your English and will also show how important English is for international (4) ……… PART Read the text, then answer the questions below ( 1m) Among the festivals celebrated by some of Asian people is the Moon Cake Festival, also known as the Mid-August Festival Large numbers of small round moon cakes are eaten on this day, and children enjoy carrying colorful paper lanterns in all shapes; the more popular ones are shaped like fish, rabbits and butterflies According to them, the moon shines brightest on the night of the Moon Cake Festival Questions: Is the Moon Cake Festival also called Mid August Festival? ……………………………  What children enjoy carrying on this day?  …………………………… PART Write the sentences, using the given words Make any changes and additions if necessary (1m) The planet / be/ closest / Earth / Venus  ………………………………….………… If / Nga / own / piano / play / good  ……………………………………….…… PART Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the meaning remains the same (1,5m) The teacher said to us, “Don’t make noise in class.”  The teacher asked ……………… They have just introduced a new style of jeans in the USA  A new …………………………… The test is very easy; however, he can’t it  Although ………………………… PART Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others (0,5m) watched stopped cleaned worked  ………………………………….… know knife kill knee  ………………………………… … PART 10 Complete the dialogues with the correct responses from the box (0,5m) You’re welcome Lovely! Let’s go Not at all No, thanks No, I don’t A: Why don’t we go for a picnic this Sunday?B: …………………………………………………… A: Would you like a cup of tea?B: …………………………………………………… THE END ANSWER KEYS PART (0,25 x = 1,5m) drink sent - have just received are waiting work wasting PART (0.25 x – 1m) worried Lighting freedom developed PART (0.25 x = 1m) into look after if who PART (0.25 x = 1m) playing  play PART (0.25 x = 1m) slow  slowly don’t  haven’t amazing  amazed much stay improve communication PART (0.5 x = 1m) Yes /(Yes, it is) They enjoy carrying colorful paper lanterns in all shapes on this day PART (0.5 x = 1m) The planet which is closest to the Earth is Venus If Nga owned a piano, she could play it well PART (0.5 x = 1.5m) The teacher asked us not to make noise in class A new style of jeans has just been introduced in the USA Although the test is very easy, he can’t it PART (0.25 x = 0.5m) cleaned kill PART 10 (0.25 x = 0.5m) Lovely! Let’s go No, thanks THE END ĐỀ THI TUYỂN VÀO 10 TIME 60’ Part 1.Give the right tense and the form of the verbs in brackets (2ms) 1.When I (1)(arrive)………home,my mother(2).(cook)……………………… 2.Our teachers ofen(3)(travel)……….to DaLat in the summer.Last summer,they(4) ( visit)……….Nha Trang.This summer they(5)(visit)………Da Lat Part Give the form of the verbs in brackets (0,5m) My brother enjoys(1) (play)……chess,but he doesn’t like(2) (play)………video games Part 3.Complete the sentences.Use the correct prepositions (1m) He is working(1)……a factory.He has worked there …… a long time Part Complete the sentences.Use the correct connectives (1m) 1.My mother goes to work ……………….she feels tired 2.The play was rather short;…………….I like it Part 5,Complete each space with an appropriate word.(1m) All languages(1)……… rules for forming words (2)…………for ordering those words in meaning sentences In written languages , (3)………… is expressed through a system of characters and rules for combining those characters In (4)………….… languages , meaning is expressed through a system of sounds and rules for combining those sounds Part 6.Read the text then answer the questions that follow(1m) Environmental pollution is a term that refers to all the ways by which man pollutes his surroundings Man dirties the air with harmful gases and smoke contaminates water with chemicals and other substances, and damages the soil with too many fertilizers and pesticides Man also pollutes his surroundings in various other ways For example , people ruin natural beauty by scattering junk and litter on the land and in the water Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems facing mankind today Questions Which is the most serious problem facing mankind today ? ………………………………………………………………… 2.Does Man pollute his surroundings ? Part 7.Join the sentences.Use the relative clause or the word in the bracket(1m) That man is Anna's brother He has just walked past …………………………………………………………………………………………… That student is weak.He often helps the old woman carry the shopping bags.(although) Part 8.Wriye the sentences using the words given(2ms) 1.Nam/wish/can have/computer ……………………………………………………………… 2.The country/export/a lot of rice/Vietnam ……………………………………………………………… The girls /skip/ school yard/be/the /good students/our school …………………………………………………………………… 4.What/you/do/if/it/be/fine/tomorrow? ……………………………………………………………………… Part 9.Read the first sentence and then complete the second sentence with the same meaning(1m) They are going to build a new library in my school .A new library…………………………………………………… “Can you speak English fluently Nam? ”Mai asked Mai asked……………………………………………………… ĐỀ THI TUYỂN VÀO 10 TIME 60’ Part Give the right tense and form of the verbs in the brackets(1,5m) 1.Our teachers usually(go)……………… to the library when they have free time 2.My friends(do)………………………the test at the present 3.Mai(know) ……………………me since I (meet)……………… her last week 4.This house (build)……………… for a long time ago 5.We suggested(play)……………………… table tennis 6.She wants (become)………………………a good singer Part Give the right form of the words in the brackets to finish the following sentences (1m) The accident happened because he drove (care) We often take part in many activities at school (culture) The Internet has helped students study more (effective) I bought an _ book last Sunday (interest) Part 3.Complete the sentences.Use the correct prepositions,relative pronouns or connectives (1,5m) He was tired,……………… he took a rest before continuing his work She is very good ……………… English We went on working ……………… it started to rain Neil Armstrong, …………… walked on the moon, lived in America 5.We will make this beach a clean and beautifull place again……… we work hard 6.She did not go to work …………she was sick Part 4.Each sentence has One mistake Find and correct it Number is an example (1m) I would like having a new bike having to have Tony is a good football player,he plays football very good ………………………… My mother asked me to be carefully when crossing the streets ………………………… She tried to smile She wanted to look as naturally as usual ………………………… Mary’parents were extreme pleased that she won the contest …………………………… Part Read the text then answer the questions that follow (1m) Peter is my pen pal He is 15 years old He lives in a house in London He has lived in London for ten years He is an excellent student He always works hard at school and gets good marks He loves learning Vietnamese in his free time He often practices writing letters in Vietnamese Sometimes he helps me to correct my writing, and sometimes I help him to correct his spelling mistakes Next summer, he is going to visit Ho Chi Minh City with his family I’m looking forward to seeing him soon Questions:1 How old is Peter? How long has he lived in London? What does he love doing in his free time? He is going to visit Ho Chi Minh City next summer, isn't he? Part Complete each space with an appropriate word using the given words.Remember that there are more words than needed(1m) children is - living - on - heart - was people - with Children’s education …(1)……… changing rapidly today In the past, teachers made …(2)………… sit still for hours They made them memorize all sorts of things In other words, children had to go (3)……… repeating things until they knew them by …(4)……… Today, many teachers wonder if it possible to make children learn at all They say you can only help them learn They say you must let children learn and discover things for themselves Part Read the first sentences and the comlete the second sentences with the same meaning (1,5m) We started learning English four years ago. We have ……………………………………………… "What kind of books you like best, Linda?" asked Peter. Peter asked …………………… They will build a new school next month. A new school…………………………………… Part 8.Write the sentences using the given words.Make any changes and addition if necessary (1,5m) We / used / wear / uniforms / when / we / be / school I / not / meet / my parents / since last Sunday He / say / he / be / back / following / day Part Find two words that have final sound /z/ Depends.comprise,compulsory,casual,television ĐỀ THI TUYỂN VÀO 10 TIME 60’ Đề số Part Give the right tense and form of the verbs in the brackets(1,5m) She (not see) her sister for three months She (ask) me if I came from Vietnam Listen to these foreigners! What language they (speak) ? We will stay at home if it (rain) _ She was really (impress) by the beauty of the city He suggests ( do) _ morning exercises every day Part Give the right form of the words in the brackets to finish the following sentences (1m) 1- The people there are very _ I like them (friend) 2- The between Vietnam and Cambodia is good (friend) 3- There will be a _ in this street (meet) 4- We saw _ girls there (beauty) Part 3.Complete the sentences.Use the correct prepositions,relative pronouns or connectives (1,5m) 1- It's very kind .you to help them 2- I'm quite different her Gloves are things you wear on your hands A butcher is someone _ sells meat 5.The weather was very nice,……We decided to go out Would you like green tea ……….milk tea ? Part 4.Each sentence has One mistake Find and correct it Number is an example (1m) I would like having a new bike having to have How wonderful ! I’m amazing that I could win the first prize …………………………… Lan likes fashion She always wears fashion clothes …………………………… Traditional, the Aodai was frequently worn by both men and women ……………………… If he doesn’t study hardly , he can’t pass the exams ………………………… Part Read the text then answer the questions that follow (1m) Two popular traditions at Christmas are decorating the home and singing Christmas carols The home is the center of the Christmas celebration Inside , evergreen tree is usually placed in a corner of the living room They wrapped strings of colorful lights around the tree They hang ornament on the branches.Carefully , wrapped gifts are placed beneath Outside, families often string lights around windows and wind lights around trees in the front yard.On Christmas Eve, family members gather around the christmas tree to sing traditional songs such as Jingle Bells and Slient Night and then give presents to each other * Answer these questions? What are the popular traditions at Christmas? Where is the evergreen put? Do they hang the gifts on the tree? 5.Are gifts placed under the table or the tree? Part Complete each space with an appropriate word using the given words.Remember that there are more words than needed(1m) from for water electricity by of energy save For most North American households, lighting accounts (1) …………… 10 percent to 15 percent of the (2) ………………… bill However, this amount can be reduced (3) …………… replacing an ordinary 100-watt light bulb with an (4) ……………… -saving bulb These bulbs use a quarter of the electricity of standard bulbs and last eight times longer Therefore, consumers can save about dollars to 21 dollars per bulb Part Read the first sentences and the comlete the second sentences with the same meaning (1,5m) People have just built a new school in our village. A new school We spent five hours getting to London. It took _ My sister is too young to go to school this year. My sister is not _ "I think you should go by train" he told us. He advised _ Part 8.Write the sentences using the given words.Make any changes and addition if necessary (1,5m) Thu / wish / have / new bike They / be / in Ha noi / twice We/ used / go / picnic / weekends / last year 4The chilren / not see / that show / T.V / last week Part Find two words that have sound /z/ Scenery, institute,design,deposit,course Part 10 Find two words that are stressed on the first syllable Tropical,official,Islam,climate,impress ĐỀ THI TUYỂN VÀO 10 TIME 60’ Đề số Part Give the right tense and form of the verbs in the brackets When we (be)……………… small , our family (live) ……………… in the countryside Miss Trang is in hospital – Yes , I know I (visit) ………………………her tomorrow How long you ( know)……………………… Mrs Chi ? - I (know) ………… her for five years We (not see)………………… her since we (be) ………………on holiday in Ha Long Bay We (have) ………………….a party next Sunday Would you like (come)……………… ? 6.He is interested in (listen)……………… to pop music 7.They decided (go)…………………camping instead of (stay)…………… at home 8.After (finish)…………… their homework, they went to bed Part Give the right form of the words in the brackets to finish the following sentences 1.Ao Dai is always _ (fashion) 2.Jeans are _ made from cotton (complete) The _ from Genoa enjoyed wearing jeans (work) 4. _ of clothes always goes up (sell) 5- At the _ to the village, we saw the accident (enter) Part 3.Complete the sentences.Use the correct prepositions,relative pronouns or connectives 1.The apartment consists three rooms, and a bathroom 2.Mozart died Vienna in 1791 _ the age of 35 She cleaned the house ……… cooked dinner before her mother got home His family was poor ………he had to work at an early age The book _ we discussed was a best-seller How about the shirt _ you wore Saturday nigh The person _ wallet is missing should report to the office My brother, _works as a doctor, lives in Dallas Part Read the text then answer the questions that follow CHRISTMAS Two popular traditions at Christmas are : decorating the home and singing the Christmas carols The home is the center of the Christmas celebration Inside, an evergreen tree is usually placed in the corner of the living room Children and their parents wrap string of colorful lights around the tree, they hang ornaments on the branches A star or angle often crowns the top Careful-wrapped gifts are placed beneath Outside, families often string lights around the windows and wind light around trees and shrubs in the front yard As the families decorate their homes, they often put on Christmas record Almost every family has at least one favorite album or compact disc School children of all ages perform Christmas concerts for their parents and communities On Christmas’ Eve, family members gather around Christmas tree to sing traditional songs Such as Jingle bells and Silent night and then give presents to each other Questions 1- What are the popular traditions at Christmas? 2- Where is the evergreen put ? 3- How they decorate the Christmas tree? 4- What the family members often on Christmas’ Eve ? 5- What they as they decorate their home ? Part Complete each space with an appropriate word using the given words.Remember that there are more words than needed benefits ,effects, things ,information, means ,way, limited ,so,such as,opened Nobody can deny the (1) …… of the internet in our life Thanks to the Internet, people can get (2) …… in a convenient way They can also communicate with their friends or relatives by (3) …… of mail or chatting It makes our world a small village However, the internet has (4) …… It is not only time-consuming and costly but also dangerous because of viruses and bad programs Moreover, Internet users sometimes have to suffer various risks (5) …… spam or electronic junk mail, and personal information leaking Part Read the first sentences and the comlete the second sentences with the same meaning (1,5m) The flat is very noisy, but we enjoy living there => Even though ………………………………………… “Why don’t you buy a motorbike, Minh ?” asked Nam => Nam suggested ……………………………………… It’s a pity, Mary doesn’t understand me => I wish ………………………………………………… She was careless, so she broke the vase => She broke the vase …………………………………… The flowers are in that vase You gave them to me => The flowers ……………………………… Part 7.Write the sentences using the given words.Make any changes and addition if necessary (1,5m) He / wish / have / computer …………………………………………………………… People / countryside / friendly / hospitable ……………………………………………………………… What / you / / if / see/ UFOs ? ……………………………………………………………… River / too / dirty / children / swim in ……………………………………………………………… Student / whom /you / met / library / cousin ……………………………………………………………… Part Find two words that have sound /z/ Scenery, institute,design,deposit,course Part 10 Find two words that are stressed on the first syllable Tropical,official,Islam,climate,impress