BME 3 REPORT measurement and transmission of data from the vital parameters circuit to mysql

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF ELECTRONIC AND TELECOMUNICATION *****  ***** BME REPORT Measurement and transmission of data from the Vital Parameters Circuit to MySql Instructor: Student: PhD Nguyen Thu Van Pham Long Hoang 20182950 Pham Viet Hoang 20182952 Tran Tri Duc Class: 20182945 ET -E5 Ha Noi, 1/2022 Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………………………………… ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………….2 Chapter I Introduction……………………………………………………………………… 1.1 Problem analysis 1.2.Human survival parameters 1.2.1 Temperature 1.2.2 Heart rate 1.2.3 Blood Oxygen Saturation SpO2 .6 Chapter Circuit design…………………………………………………………………… 2.1 Objectives .7 2.2 Functional requirements 2.3 Non-functional requirements 2.4 Block Design 2.5 Sensor selection .9 2.5.1.Temperature sensor DS18B20 2.5.2 Heart rate and SpO2 sensor MAX30100 11 2.5.3 Arduino Uno 15 2.6 Data tranmission block .17 2.7 Tasks of the control program .22 Chapter Database And Web Design……………………………………………………24 3.1 Database Selection 24 3.1.1 Overview of MySQL 24 3.1.2 MySQL's Advantages 25 3.2 Database design 26 3.3 Website Design 27 3.3.1 Website's Requirements .27 3.3.2 Domain name .27 Chapter Programming languages and development environments……………… 30 4.1 Measure and upload data to Web Server 30 4.1.1 Programing languages 30 4.1.2 Development environments 30 4.2 Data input into MySQL and display on the Webscreen .32 4.2.1 Programing languages 32 4.2.2 Development environments 33 Chapter Result and Discussions…………………………………………………………36 5.1 Simulation Circuit Diagram 36 5.2 Evaluation of the accuracy of the vital measuring circuit 36 5.2.1 Systematic error 36 5.3 Discussions and future plan 41 CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………………… 43 REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………………… 44 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Temperature sensor DS18B20 Figure MAX30100 sensor Figure Block diagram of Max30100 sensor Figure Image illustrates how I2C communication works Figure Arduino Uno Pinout Figure ESP32 Pinout16 Figure Microprocessor block principle circuit diagram17 Figure Algorithm diagram of control program19 Figure Diagram of communication block principle Figure 10 Functional diagram of the control program Figure 11 Rankings of databases Figure 12 SpO2, BPM Data Table Figure 13 Temperature Data Table Figure 14 000WebHost Figure 15 Register website's domain name Figure 16 Web's original interface Figure 17 Arduino IDE’s main interface Figure 18 Code to measure data with Arduino Uno Figure 19 Code to upload data with ESP 32 Figure 20 Website Manager Figure 21 Code to upload data to MySQL Figure 22 Code to display data to Webscreen Figure 23 Webscreen Figure 24 Simulation Circuit Diagram Figure 25 Result of temperature measurement with mercury thermometer and DS18B20 Figure 26 SpO2 and heart rate measurement results using Lk87 and Max30100 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all, we would like to extend special thanks to Ms Nguyen Thu Van, who gave us all the guidance and insightful advice that we could complete this project In the era of technology 4.0 along with the continuous development of technology in digital health, a device used to monitor the patient's vital health parameters is absolutely necessary and widely used in hospitals around the world Based on the technology and techniques available on a modern ‘patient monitor ‘along with the sensors available to measure the body index, we have designed a mini ‘parameter measuring device’ capable of transmitting measured data to the database and store the data to facilitate the lookup and assessment of the patient's health status This device is also very useful for F0 patients to help them monitor body parameters during treatment, helping patients and doctors to grasp the situation and be more active to control the patient's health The idea for this product is not new However, with changes, improvements in design and operation mechanism; we hope our products will be well received and supported by you In particular, we are extremely grateful to receive your comments and suggestions so that our team can overcome the limitations and improve this product Once again, we would like to thank you all ABSTRACT Human vital parameters are biological parameters of person that need to be measured, stored and monitored regularly, especially in case of patients who need continuous monitoring such as those in emergency or resuscitation Moreover, the tracking and storage of this data needs to be easily accessible and must be managed correctly Recently, Electronic medical records have become an inevitable trend of development that provides a medium for real-time storage and access of such data The purpose of the research is to build a method and system that can connect and transmit data from the vital parameters measurement circuit to the electronic medical record First, the vital parameter circuit is designed and built Then, the biological signals, including heart rate, SPO2, temperature, etc… are encoded and stored on MySQL Next, the data is displayed on a designed web in order The results obtained from the research have many directions for development, such as integrating with a patient monitoring company to bring vital parameters to electronic medical records, which can be incorporated into electronic medical records of hospitals and building a database and transmitting patient vital parameters data, which can become an information system for monitoring and managing vital parameters of patients with infectious diseases such as COVID19… Chapter I Introduction 1.1 Problem analysis Vital parameters are an important factor in monitoring the progression of patients of all ages during hospital stay, as they allow rapid detection of disease progression Vital parameters are measured and help doctors make basic assessments of the patient's health status The most common measurement method performed in the hospital is the traditional measurement of vital parameters, the most basic parameters include temperature, pulse rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) and respiratory rate Tracking, storing and managing these data and putting them in the patient's medical record helps medical staff have sufficient data from which they can make timely and continuous clinical indications has great significance Conventionally, those parameters are manually input into paper-based medical records or computer-based medical records by medical staff, given the fact that automatic transfer of data from devices such as bedside monitors to the database system is not yet a common practice at medical centres and hospitals worldwide However, the advantages of automatic data transfer from monitoring devices to a database is undeniable, as it helps to reduce errors in the manual inputing process and provides a real-time storing and retrieving system that can be accessed from any location at any time Ideally, our study should have aimed at transfering data from bedside monitors and other monitoring devices to a database However, due to time and resource constraints partly subjectively and partly caused by the pandemic, we did not have the opportunity to work on bedside monitors or any other monitoring devices that are widely used at hospitals Therefore, our study aimed at designing and fabricating a circuit to monitor vital signs such as heart rate and SpO2,… which are then automatically transferred to a database Mysql Purpose of measuring vital parameters: - Periodic health check - Diagnostic - Monitor disease status and disease progression - Follow up the results of treatment and care 1.2.Human survival parameters Vital parameters (life signs) include: temperature, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation SpO2, heart rate,… are signs indicating the functioning of organs, reflecting the physiological function of the body 1.2.1 Temperature Body temperature is the body temperature Body temperature is kept constant by thermoregulation, which ensures a balance between heat production and heat loss The core body temperature is the temperature in the deep tissues Central body temperature is the purpose of thermoregulatory activity, little change with ambient temperature and always kept constant 36 ºC - 37.5 ºC to ensure optimal conditions for biochemical reactions Temperatures measured rectally, in the mouth, and in the armpits are considered to reflect the core temperature The temperature measured rectally was the most stable (this temperature measured at baseline was 36.3 ºC - 37.1 ºC) Although less accurate, measuring body temperature in the armpit and mouth is used more because of its simplicity and convenience Peripheral body temperature is the temperature measured in the skin and extremities This temperature is lower than the core zone temperature, subject to many influences of the environment (air temperature, humidity, wind, temperature of surrounding objects ) and varies according to the measurement location, the more open the place, the better The lower the temperature, the lower the temperature in contact with cold objects 1.2.2 Heart rate The standard heart rate can vary from person to person, depending on age, physical fitness, gender For people 18 years of age and older, a normal resting heart rate ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute Usually, the healthier the person, the lower the heart rate Table Heart rate standards Age Standard heart rate (beats/minute) Infant 120 – 160 Children from to 12 months 80 – 140 Children - years old 80 – 130 Children from to years old 75 – 120 Children from to 12 years old 75 – 110 Adults > 18 years old 60 – 100 Athletes 40 - 60 Our heart rate at each time is often affected by many factors, for example: The body's physical activity before that time, health and medical conditions, ambient temperature, standing, sitting position, or lying down) In addition, mental and emotional states are also affected more or less (eg emotions of anger, joy, fear, anxiety ) If there is a cause or effect that causes the heart rate to become irregular, such as a fast heart rate (more than 100 beats per minute), a slow heart rate (less than 60 beats per minute), or a fast or slow heartbeat, Evenif there is a heartbeat but no pulse, it is called an arrhythmia 4.1.2 Development environments After choosing a programming language, there should be a development environment suitable for that language The programming environment (IDE) of choice is Arduino IDE – Free Open Source Programming Software The IDE in the Arduino IDE is the part that is meant to be open source, which means that the software is free both in terms of download and copyright: The user has the right to modify, improve, develop, upgrade according to certain principles generally permitted by the publisher Figure 19 Arduino IDE’s main interface 33 Figure 20 Code to measure data with Arduino Uno Figure 21 Code to upload data with ESP 32 4.2 Data input into MySQL and display on the Webscreen 4.2.1 Programing languages We utilize the PHP programming language to save the data sent to the database and to display the data from the database on the web interface 34 PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor, the PHP programming language used to build websites and web applications PHP is a scripting language that works on the server with the task of connecting to the database and performing the functions of the web or web application PHP is easily embedded in HTML through the tag pair, when running PHP will generate HTML codes to return to the user PHP is an extremely popular programming language when developing websites and Web applications due to its high compatibility with browsers and being a flexible language when it comes to problem solving 4.2.2 Development environments Unlike the process of measuring and uploading data to the Web Server, in this process, we program it directly on the Website management part Figure 22 Website Manager 35 Figure 23 Code to upload data to MySQL Figure 24 Code to display data to Webscreen 36 Figure 25 Webscreen 4.3 Result on web screen Figure 26 Table of parameters In the figure shown in turn parameters of human : - Measurements number 37 - Celsius scale (°C) - Fahrenheit scale (°F) - Heart rate - Spo2 stat - Measurement sampling time and date Chapter Result and Discussions 5.1 Simulation Circuit Diagram 38 Figure 27 Illustrates the simulation Circuit designed and fabricated 5.2 Evaluation of the accuracy of the vital measuring circuit 5.2.1 Systematic error The measuring circuit uses two types of sensors, a heart rate sensor, SpO2 Max30100 and temperature sensor DS18b20 Each sensor is announced by the manufacturer a specific error value, with the DS18b20 temperature sensor the systematic error is ± 0.5oC, and for the max30100 sensor, it is 4% In addition, to evaluate the detailed error of each sensor as well as the entire measuring circuit, the measured values of the vital index measurement circuit will be compared with standard devices commonly used in medical facilities 39 5.2.2 Comparison of the readings of the measuring circuit with the reference device To evaluate the error as accurately as possible, it is necessary to prepare: • Mercury thermometer: used to compare with temperature sensor DS18b20 • SpO2 meter with heart rate: used to compare with Max30100 sensor • Number of measuring samples: 15 people corresponding to 15 measuring samples Temperature, heart rate, and SpO2 data were measured on 15 people using pulse oximeters and matching devices to assess circuit accuracy The 2-sample ttest was used to compare the difference between two sets of values, with p < 0.05 representing two statistically different sets of values Values > 0.05 represent two sets of values that are not statistically different Measure mercury thermometer as follows: • Lightly scale the thermometer to return the measurement line to the original position • Place the thermometer in your armpit, then close your hand Keep hands closed, forearms in front of chest level • After minutes, remove the thermometer and read the result With the DS18b20 temperature sensor, apply the same measurement as a mercury thermometer, after minutes read the results on the computer screen 40 Figure 28 Result of temperature measurement with mercury thermometer and DS18B20 Measure Lk87 machine as follows: • Open the clamp, place your finger in the clamp slot so that the tip of the finger touches the end of the machine so that the tip of the finger covers the sensor in the clamp slot • Press the power button to start the machine Unable to move the hand, operate the pulse, keep the body in the most relaxed state • Results will be displayed on the screen 41 Figure 29 SpO2 and heart rate measurement results using Lk87 and Max30100 Table Temperature measurement results (oC)   Mercury thermometer DS18B20 Sample 36.3 36.25 Sample 36.2 36.15 Sample 36.2 36.25 Sample 36.3 36.1 Sample 36.2 36.25 Sample 36.3 36.25 Sample 36.3 36.5 Sample 36.3 36.4 Sample 36.3 36.2 Sample 10 36.3 36.2 Sample 11 36.3 36.3 Sample 12 36.3 36.2 Sample 13 36.3 36.1 Sample 14 36.3 36.1 Sample 15 36.3 36.2 p-value 0.114 Table Heart rate measurement results (bpm/min)   Lk87 Max3 0100 Sample 72 73 Sample 72 74 Sample 73 70 Sample 74 74 42 Sample 72 71 Sample 81 81 Sample 80 83 Sample 80 83 Sample 82 82 Sample 10 80 83 Sample 11 89 89 Sample 12 90 88 Sample 13 88 85 Sample 14 89 92 Sample 15 89 89 p-value(paired sample ttest) 0.472 Table SpO2 measurement results (%)   Lk87 Max 3010 Sample 99 98 Sample 99 98 Sample 99 98 Sample 99 98 Sample 99 98 Sample 99 99 Sample 98 99 Sample 99 99 Sample 99 99 Sample 10 99 99 Sample 11 97 37 Sample 12 97 97 43 Sample 13 98 97 Sample 14 97 97 Sample 15 97 97 p value 0.294 The p-values of the three comparisons are all > 0.05, from which it can be concluded that the measurement circuit has no statistical difference compared to the devices being used on the market Therefore, the measured results can be used to enter electronic medical records 5.3 Discussions and future plan Advantages of the project In the process of product research and development, we have achieved certain results: - Design a circuit to measure the vital indicators of the body (temperature, bpm, spo2) for relatively accurate results - Send measured results to the database via wifi connection, so that patient data can be safely stored and used for future projects - Display the measured results on the web screen Limitations of the product However, our product has some limitations as follows: - The measuring circuit is not stable (maybe because the sensor has not been soldered together ) - Website design is simple, only data display function - The website only has the function of displaying data, not hierarchical users such as administrators and users 44 - The patient has not been able to access the data on the database Future plans In the future, we will continue to research to overcome the above disadvantages, and at the same time develop products in different directions, depending on actual needs: - Increase the security of the web (using private hosting ) - Build the web into a complete electronic medical record (add features for login, registration, access rights for different objects ) - Improved data accuracy (better sensor usage, less interference effects ) - Measure other indicators (electrocardiogram, blood pressure ) - Increase more participants in the experiment, divided by different factors (gender, age, BMI ) - Add the feature to classify patients users - Research more development direction on app Instead of displaying data on the web screen, we will build an app on mobile devices, directly linking to each patient's database so that the patient can look up his or her vitals one by one easy way CONCLUSION 45 Based on the sensor and techniques available on a modern ‘patient monitor ‘along with the sensors available to measure the body index, we have designed a mini ‘parameter measuring device’ capable of transmitting measured data to the cloudbase and store the data to facilitate the lookup and assessment of the patient's health status This device is also very useful for F0 patients to help them monitor body parameters during treatment, helping patients and doctors to grasp the situation and be more proactive and control the patient's health The device is mainly designed on a white circuit board, so it takes up a lot of space and is difficult to carry In the future, we plan to design the hardware of the circuit on the PCB so that the patient can easily carry it and be more convenient in the treatment’s use process REFERENCES 46 [1] B C F a W J Ivayla I Geneva, Normal Body Temperature: A Systematic Review, US National Library of Medicine, 2019 Apr [2] ESP32 datasheet, Version 3.8, ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS [3].https://www.vinmec.com/vi/tin-tuc/thong-tin-suc-khoe/nhip-tim-chuan-la-baonhieu/ [4] S S Yesman, S A Mamilov, M M Asimov and A I Gisbreht, “noninvasive methods of measuring oxygen saturation in venous blood” Journal of Applied Spectroscopy, Vol 78, No 3, July, 2011 (Russian Original Vol 78, No 3, May–June, 2011 [5] Bộ y tế, “Triển khai bệnh án điện tử theo Thông tư số 46/2018/TT-BYT Bộ Y tế”, 17/01/2020 [6].https://www.vinmec.com/vi/tin-tuc/hoi-dap-bac-si/nhiet-do-o-tung-vung-co-nguoi/ [7] Trung tâm đào tạo đạo tuyến Bạch Mai, “Kỹ thuật đo dấu hiệu sinh tồn” , http://bmmc.edu.vn/537/print-article.bic [8] Ayu Jati Puspitasari, Deshinta Famella, M Sulthonur Ridwan and M Khoir, “Design of low-flow oxygen monitor and control system for respiration and SpO2 rates optimization”, Journal of Physics Conference Series, January 2020 [9] M T Tamam, A J Taufiq and A Kusumawati, “ Design a system of measurement of heart rate, oxygen saturation in blood and body temperature with non-invasive method”, International Conference on Engineering and Applied Technology (ICEAT), October 2018 [10] Elizabeth C Murphy, Frederick L Ferris, III, and William R O’Donnell, “An Electronic Medical Records System for Clinical Research and the EMR–EDC Interface”, Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007 October 47 ... Mercury thermometer DS18B20 Sample 36 .3 36.25 Sample 36 .2 36 .15 Sample 36 .2 36 .25 Sample 36 .3 36.1 Sample 36 .2 36 .25 Sample 36 .3 36.25 Sample 36 .3 36.5 Sample 36 .3 36.4 Sample 36 .3 36.2 Sample 10 36 .3. .. 10 36 .3 36.2 Sample 11 36 .3 36 .3 Sample 12 36 .3 36.2 Sample 13 36 .3 36.1 Sample 14 36 .3 36.1 Sample 15 36 .3 36.2 p-value 0.114 Table Heart rate measurement results (bpm/min)   Lk87 Max3 0100... 4.2 Data input into MySQL and display on the Webscreen 4.2.1 Programing languages We utilize the PHP programming language to save the data sent to the database and to display the data from the database