ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP MÔN TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 HỌC KÌ II A Ôn lại kiến thức học kì I 1 Infinitive with to and without to, gerund to V, V,Ving 2 Tenses Thì 3 Conditional types 1, 2 and 3 Câu điều kiện 4 Reported speech Câu gián tiếp (với câu trần thuật, hỏi, mệnh lệnh, điều kiện) 4 1 Câu trần thuật “S + V ” told + O S + + (that ) +S + V (lùi 1 thì) said + (to +O) 4 2 Câu hỏi a WH Questions “WH + auxilary + S + V ?” b YES NO Questions “Auxilary + S + V ?” asked S + wanted to know + (O) wondered + WH S + V.
ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP MÔN TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - HỌC KÌ II A Ơn lại kiến thức học kì I Infinitive with to and without to, gerund: to V, V,Ving Tenses: Thì Conditional types 1, and 3: Câu điều kiện Reported speech: Câu gián tiếp (với câu trần thuật, hỏi, mệnh lệnh, điều kiện) 4.1 Câu trần thuật: “S + V …” told + O S+ + (that ) +S + V (lùi thì) said + (to +O) 4.2 Câu hỏi: a/ WH_ Questions: “WH + auxilary + S + V ?” b/ YES _ NO Questions: “Auxilary + S + V ?” asked + WH S + wanted to know + (O) wondered + IF / WHETHER … 4.3 Câu mệnh lệnh : (Don't + V…) told to V (Mệnh lệnh khẳng định) S + asked +O+ not + to V (Mệnh lệnh phủ định) ……… 4.4 Dùng Ving, to V để đổi sang câu gián tiếp S + V (lùi thì) B Kiến thức học kì II I Cách sử dụng đại từ quan hệ trạng từ quan hệ Đại từ quan hệ: who, whom, whose, which, that ● Who: dùng để thay cho danh từ người làm chủ ngữ tân ngữ cho động từ ● ● ● ● mệnh đề quan hệ (…… N + who + V N + who + S + V) Whom: dùng thay cho danh từ người làm tân ngữ cho động từ mệnh đề quan hệ (……N + whom + S + V) The man whom you met yesterday is my brother Whose: đại từ quan hệ sở hữu, thay cho danh từ người danh từ vật (thay cho: his, her, its, their, Tom’s…) The house whose windows are broken is mine + Riêng danh từ vật thay the + N + of which Example: The house the window of which are broken is mine Which: dùng làm chủ ngữ tân ngữ thay cho danh từ đồ vật, vật việc Example: This is the book which I like best That: dùng thay cho danh từ người vật, chủ ngữ gồm người vật, sau đại từ không xác định, sau dạng so sánh nhất… Example: - That is the bicycle that/ which belongs to Tom Trạng từ quan hệ: why, where, when ● Why: mở đầu cho mệnh đề quan hệ để ngun nhân, lí do.(có thể thay That) ● I don’t know the reason why/ that you didn’t go to school yesterday ● Where (=on, in, at which) mở đầu cho mệnh đề quan hệ địa điểm nơi chốn The hotel where we stayed wasn’t very clean When (=on/ in/ at which) mở đầu cho mệnh đề quan hệ thời gian I will never forget the day when I first met my husband II Vị trí giới từ mệnh đề quan hệ ● Trong mệnh đề quan hệ, đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ cho giới từ thường đặt vị ● ● trí: trước đại từ quan hệ WHOM, WHICH sau động từ Trong lối văn phong trang trọng, giới từ đứng trước đaị từ quan hệ WHOM, WHICH The man to whom my mother is talking is my form teacher Trong lối nói thân mật, giới từ thường đứng sau động từ mệnh đề quan hệ ● The man whom my mother is talking to is my form teacher ý: * không dùng giới từ với THAT WHO III Các loại mệnh đề quan hệ Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining Relative Clause): mệnh đề dùng để xác định danh từ đứng trước Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định mệnh đề cần thiết cho ý nghĩa câu, khơng có câu không đủ nghĩa The man who robbed you has been arrested ● mệnh đề quan hệ xác định bỏ đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ The book you lent me was very interesting Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định (Non – defining relative clause): mệnh đề cung cấp thêm thông tin người, vật việc xác định Đây mệnh đề khơng thiết phải có câu, khơng có câu đủ nghĩa Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định tách khỏi mệnh đề dấu phẩy dấu gạch ngang That man, who lives in the next flat, looks very lonely ● Không dùng đại từ quan hệ THAT mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định ● Những danh từ đứng trước mệnh đề quan hệ thường là: Tên riêng, danh từ có tính từ sở hữu, danh từ có tính từ thị: This, That, These, Those ● Không thể bỏ đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ ● Trong mệnh đề WHICH dùng để thay cho mệnh đề đứng trước ● Trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định, cụm từ số lượng: all of/ most of/ neither of/ many of… dùng với WHOM, WHICH WHOSE Mary has three brothers, all of whom are married IV Dạng rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ: Cụm phân từ a) Hiện phân từ (V_ing ): dùng động từ mệnh đề quan hệ chia b) đơn, tiếp diễn, khứ đơn, khứ tiếp diễn, động từ mệnh đề quan hệ diễn tả mong muốn, hi vọng, mong đợi… That man, who is sitting next to Mary, is my uncle That man, sitting next to Mary, is my uncle Quá khứ phân từ (Vpp = Ved3): khứ phân từ đựơc dùng động từ mệnh đề quan hệ dạng bị động The boy who was injured in the accident was taken to the hospital The boy injured in the accident was taken to the hospital Động từ nguyên mẫu (To infinitive): dùng sau số thứ tự The first, the second,…, sau từ: the last, the only, the next có động từ khuyết thiếu, sau so sánh The captain was the last person who left the ship → The captain was the last person to leave the ship Here is a form that you must fill in → Here is a form for you to fill in V Cleft sentences: Câu nhấn mạnh Câu nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ (subject focus): It is/ was + S + that/ who + V…: The boy visited his uncle last month It was the boy that/ who visited his uncle last month Câu nhấn mạnh tân ngữ (Object focus): It is/ was + O + That/ Who + S + V Câu nhấn mạnh trạng từ (Adverbial focus): It is/ was + Adv + that + S + V Câu nhấn mạnh bị động: It is/ was + O + that + is/ are/ was/ were + Vpp People talked a lot about his house It was his house that was talked a lot about VI Tag question: câu hỏi đuôi Quy tắc chung - Câu nói phần ln dạng đối tức là: + Nếu câu nói trước dấu phẩy câu khẳng định, câu hỏi đuôi phải thể phủ định + Nếu câu nói trước dấu phẩy câu phủ định, câu hỏi đuôi phải thể khẳng định a Câu khẳng định, trợ động từ-n’t + S? Ex: He works every day, doesn’t he? b Câu phủ định, trợ động từ + S? Ex: She can’t swim, can she? Chủ từ phần đuôi a Chủ từ phần đuôi thường đại từ nhân xưng : I, He, She, It, You, We, They b Trường hợp đặc biệt: - this / that → it - these / those → they - There → there - everything, anything, nothing, something → it - everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, anyone, anybody, no one, nobody, none, neither → they Một số trường hợp đặc biệt - I am → aren't I - Let's → shall we - Câu mệnh lệnh: (Don't) + V +… → will you VII Liên từ cặp đơi: Conjunctions (Ơn qua) Both …and: vừa…vừa, cả…và, Not only…but also: khơng những…mà cịn, Either…or: này/người này, kia/người kia, Neither… nor: không này/người không kia/người ● Các cặp liên từ có cấu trúc song hành tức là: từ, cụm từ trước sau cặp liên từ phải từ loại, chức ngữ pháp với Eg: He both smokes and drinks ● Both …and động từ ln chia dạng số nhiều, cịn cặp lại: either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also… động từ chia phù hợp với chủ ngữ thứ (đứng gần động từ nhất) Eg: Both you and I are students Either you or I am ưởng VIII Passive voice with THAT Clause: Câu bị động với mệnh đề "that" (Ôn qua) S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2 → It + be + V1pp + that + S2 + V2 → S2 + be + V1pp + to V2 Chú ý: - Be chia theo V1 - V1 thường là: agree, hope, believe, consider, feel, know, think, say, understand, find, expect… EXERCISES: BÀI TẬP I Put the verb in the correct tense They (practice) their music lesson at o'clock tomorrow → He apologised ……………………………………………………………………… “I shall return books tomorrow,” she said → She said …………………………………………………………………………… “Where did you go last night?” his father asked him → His father asked …………………………………………………………………… “Don’t make noise,” the teacher said to us → The teacher told …………………………………………………………………… “ I hear you got the first prize Congratulation!” she said to me → She congratulated ………………………………………………………………… “ What would you if you had three days off ?” I asked him → I asked him ………………………………………………………………………… 10 “Do you know where Jean is living?” he asked me → He asked me ……………………………………………………………………… IV.CHOOSE THE BEST OPTION TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES 1.He neither plays nor …………………… football A watch B to watch C watches D watched He has three children, all of ………………… have graduated from university A who B whom C whose D that The fans cheered when their team …………………… a goal A scored B won C gained D got I think you’ve seen this one before, …………………? A I B don’t I C have you D haven’t you He is said …………………… 108 years old A be B to be C will be D being He never had the ………………… of seeing his paintings recognized and admired A satisfy B satisfying C satisfaction D satisfactory Collecting dolls is her …………………… hobby A favourite B preferred C liked D popular How many countries …………………… in the last Asian Games? A took part B participated C entered D A or B That’s the girl about ………………… I’ve talked to you A that B who C whom D X (nothing) 10 He ……………… get her to speak a word to him all the way back to her boarding house A couldn’t B weren’t able to C was impossible to D was incapable of 11.Monica , ……………………is my new boss , is very easy to work with A whose B that C who D whom 12 The biggest reason for …………………….I didn’t take the job is the low pay A which B why C that D when 13I don’t like people ……………… arrive late A who B.whom C which D both A & B 14I live in a house ……………… a century ago A building B.built C to built D.build 15The last person ………………… interviewed yesterday was Jack A is B being C to be D.was 16 He hasn’t got anything …………………… A wear B wearing C wore D to wear 17 There are some reports ………………… you have to type right now A which B that C who D both A & B 18 He was the first man ………………… me the truth A tell B telling C to tell D told 19 The meeting to …………………… I went was interesting A that B which C whom D both A & B 20 I like diamond ring ……………… Mary is wearing A which B that C X (nothing) D all are correct 21 The person …………… did it was never caught A who B whom C X (nothing) D all are correct 22 The hotel has special ………………… for disabled athletes A effort B enthusiasm C facilities D events 23 Swimming and water skiing are both ………………… sports A aquatic B advancing C squash D rugby 24 I had to drive to the factory to pick up my brother ……………… car wouldn’t start A who his B who C who’s D whose V Find and corect the mistake 1.My close friend, (A) that (B) I’ve lost touch with (C)for years, has (D) just returned from India (A)That’s (B) the young man to (C)that I (D) spoke 3.Human beings (A) whom live (B) longer than one hundred years (C) are a (D)rarity The (A) last person (B) leaving the room(C) must turn off (D) the light It (A) was the man (B) which (C) gave her the (D) book (A) The man (B) spoke (C) to John (D) is my brother (A) Neither Lam (B) nor his brothers (C) don’t like horror (D) films (A) You’re going (B) to Helsinki (C) this weekend, (D) haven’t you? The Great Wall of China (A) reported to have (B) been built (C) in the late of (D) 1400s 10 (A) That sign (B) isn’t too small (C) to read, isn’t(D) it? VI Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in each group A hopes B phones C books D visits A reserve B conserve C release D research A machine B sugar C sure D expensive A polluted B.prevented C needed D advised A amount B count C without D source A.stops B clubs C maps D.books A robbed B worked C jumped D stopped A laughs B loves C travels D robs A month B seventh C that D think 10 A nature B mutual C picture D residential VII Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same Many people believe that Thomas will win the race � It is ……………………………………………………………………………………… Tom rang you last night, not John � It was …………………………………………………………………………… A French architect designed the palace, not the bridge � It is the palace ………………………………………………………………………… The man who was injured in the accident was taken to hospital � The man ……………………………………………………………………………………… Yuri Gagarin was the first person that flew into space � Yuri Gagarin was ………………………………………………………………………… Henry likes action films, and Tom does too � Both …………………………………………………………………………………… 7.The dog is running over there The dog is mine �………………………………………………………………………………………… 8.This is the man His son is my friend �………………………………………………………………………………………… 9.This is the house My mother bought it years ago �………………………………………………………………………………………… 10.Do you know the city ? It is km from here �………………………………………………………………………………………… 11 She was the fist woman that took her sert in Parliamet.(Reduce the Relative Clause) → ……………………………………………………………………………………… 12 Lan is the girl We totally believe in her ( Relative Clause + Preposition) → ……………………………………………………………………………………… 13 These villagers chop down hardwoods to sell They live near the forest (Relative Clause) → ………………………………………………………………………………………… 14 I admire the writer who wrote “ The Old man and the Sea” (Reduce the Relative Clause) → ………………………………………………………………………………………… 15 My boy friend gave me a ring on my 17th birthday (Nhấn mạnh Subject(S)) → It…………………………………………………………………………………… 16 The pedestrian asked the policeman a lot of questions( Nhấn mạnh Object(O)) → It…………………………………………………………………………… 17 He got married when he was 26 ( Nhấn mạnh Adverbial(A)) → It…………………………………………………………………………………… 18 My boy friend gave me a ring on my 17th birthday (Nhấn mạnh Subject(S)) → It………………………………………………………………………………… 19 The pedestrian asked the policeman a lot of questions( Nhấn mạnh Object(O)) → It ………………………………………………………… ……………… 20 The men are looking for the boy who disappeared in the picnic near this forest (Reduce relative clause) → ………………………………………………………………… 21 Lan is the girl We totally believe in her ( Relative Clause + Preposition) → ………………………………………………………………………………………… 22.That man used to work with me when I lived in New York → That's ……………………………………………………………………………… 23 The girl is very good at Math You were talking to her yesterday → The girl to ………………………………………………………………………… 24 The village is peaceful I was born there → The village ……………………………………………………………………………… 25 The day was sunny They went camping then → The day …………………………………………………………………………………… V Read the passage and choose the correct anwer Many people still believe that natural resources will never be used up Actually, the world’s energy resources are limited Nobody know exactly how much fuel left However, we also should use them economically and try to find out alternative sources of power According to Professor Marvin Burnham of the New England Institute of Technology , we have to start conserving coal , oil and gas before it is too late ; and nuclear power is the only alternative However, many people not approve of using nuclear power because it is very dangerous What would happen if there were a serious nuclear accident ? Radioactivity causes cancer and may badly affect the future generations The most effective thing is that we should use natural resources as economical as possible How much fuel is left ? A There is a lot fuel B It will be never used up C No one knows exactly D Let’s use it as much as we would like We should use coal, oil , and gas ……… A as much as possible B as economically as possible C carelessly D all are incorrect According to Professor Marvin Burnham, ………… A nuclear power is the only alternative energy B we have to conserve coal, oil, and gas C a and b are incorrect D a and b are correct Using nuclear power is ……… A safe B cheap C dangerous D interesting Radioactivity from nuclear power………… A are necessary to cure diseases B causes cancer and has bad effect on the future generations C the future generations nothing with it D alters a new kind of energy ... with THAT Clause: Câu bị động với mệnh đề "that" (Ôn qua) S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2 → It + be + V1pp + that + S2 + V2 → S2 + be + V1pp + to V2 Chú ý: - Be chia theo V1 - V1 thường là: agree, hope,... looks very lonely ● Không dùng đại từ quan hệ THAT mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định ● Những danh từ đứng trước mệnh đề quan hệ thường là: Tên riêng, danh từ có tính từ sở hữu, danh từ có tính từ thị:... anything 8 It is no use (read) the newspaper 9 Hanh isn’t old enough (drive) 10 She had better (sleep) early 11 It is easy (guess) his attitude 12 Most people enjoy (visit) to different parts