ESSAY CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY LECTURE DR vân TH h NG LOAN

OPEN UNIVERSITY HO CHI MINH CITY SCHOOL OF AVANCED STUDY BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ESSAY CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY LECTURE: DR VÂN THỊ HỒNG LOAN STUDENT VĂN TÂM NHƯ NUMBER 1854010312 CLASS QT18DB02 Table of Contents Overview Voluntary Theory: Mandatory Theory: Examples for case study Walmart light bulbs example Case study description Stakeholder Group opinion Plastic bag example .6 Case study description Stakeholder Group opinion Vehicle tax example Case study description Stakeholder Group opinion Healthy foods vs snack example Case study description Stakeholder Strategy and Tactics Group opinion 10 Example in Vietnam: 11 Case study final question: 11 Question 1: 11 Question 2: 12 Question 3: 13 Question 4: 13 Question 5: 14 References: 14 Overview -Richard Thaler, a professor at the University of Chicago (USA) has just won the 2017 Nobel Prize in economics, he is the father of behavioral economics and co-author of a book called Nudge -His Nudge theory studies how deeply human psychology influences economic decisions His work showed us a new concept in economics called behavioral economics Behavioral economics is the insights from the psychology of judgment and decision making combined with economics to create a more accurate understanding of human behavior His research helps people better control their behavior -Nudge is a concept of behavioral science, political theory and economics that proposes to enhance the positive effects of indirect suggestions to influence the decision-making behavior of groups or individuals Nudge has driven people's behavior by making subtle changes to the context in which they make decisions “Economics is all about how people make choices; sociology is all about how they don’t have any choices to make.” —James Duesenberry -Nudge can solve all kinds of problems that governments and businesses find important, some examples are given below: + A few years ago the leaders of General Electric wanted to solve smoking problem because it had a negative impact on company’s employees Kevin Volpp and his colleagues conducted a field survey where employees are divided in to group which peoples in the treatment group each received $250 if they stopped smoking for months and $400 if they stopped smoking for 12 months People in the control group will not receive any incentives And the results showed that the success rate of the treatment group was three times higher than the control group, and this effect continue even after the incentives were discontinued after 12 months Based on that work, General Electronic has changed its policy and began using this method for their 152,000 employees Theories on applying corporate social responsibility: Voluntary Theory: According to Garriga & Melé (2004), this theory shows that businesses must contribute to the society by providing goods and services efficiently and respecting individual rights Voluntary regimes require significant organizational strength, expertise, and investment Voluntary acts in CSR are acts in which businesses voluntarily create benefits in the communities in which their businesses operate The effectiveness of CSR implementation largely depends on potential participants who believe that doing this will bring business benefits, but without business benefits, doing this won’t be effective also shows the weakness of voluntary CSR behavior (Raino and Outi) Company need to know that if they can convert customers and transfer the cost burden to them, the business will be extremely beneficial because it will both gain trust and not be burdened with costs Mandatory Theory: Companies often tend to focus on their business results, leading to intense competition between companies to maximize individual market share As a result, companies tend to violate the law more to create monopolies that guarantee the highest profits in the long run In these cases, the government needs to intervene in the behavior of companies to ensure equal opportunities for all and restore equal use of natural resources The law can regulate the behavior of all individuals and organizations in society, so it is easy to force businesses to implement CSR For the businesses, social responsibility will become a “must” if it reduces corporate profits It is natural for the behavior of businesses to seek not to fulfill the prescribed social responsibility as long as corporate profits increase The phenomenon that many business knowing the law but still breaking the law or circumventing the law is an inevitable consequence of the legal regulations that are not strict and strong enough has creating a compulsive mentality for businesses when implementing An example that demonstrates the failure of enterprises to implement CSR is Formosa Corporation, which ranked first in causing pollution in 2016 due to excessive discharge of waste into the environment, causing heavy economic and social damage society and the environment, in which the most affected is the fisheries sector, followed by business activities, services, tourism and daily life of Hà Tĩnh fishermen Examples for case study In general, the nudge theory case study is a collection of many ways that companies and organizations to encourage people to recycle This article will be divided it into examples with each example being a description, stakeholders, as well as distinct points of view The examples will be arranged according to the order in which they are mentioned in the book "Strategic corporate social responsibility-3th edition-David Chandler" Walmart light bulbs example Case study description Walmart succeeds in encouraging users to switch to more energy-efficient light bulbs by swapping all incandescent bulbs on ceiling fans for compact fluorescent bulbs and making them available, at all of their store As "the world's largest retailer" there is no doubt that Walmart can reach a large number of customers to change their behavior in using light bulbs Walmart reaped many benefits with this smart and bold move, such as reducing costs by $7 million per year, selling more than 100 million light bulbs (it is estimated that each customer purchases more than one product) and thereby save enough energy to run a city the size of Philadelphia - 367 square kilometers and the 5th largest city in the United States Stakeholder Walmart Customer Gorverment Strategy and Tactics If the situation presents a need to reduce electricity consumption or help consumers convert to more energy-efficient products, how should they act? Walmart has done it in a very practical and natural way As described in the example, Walmart made the switch customer behavior in a way that indirectly encourages their behavior, the behavior of changing the bulbs on the ceiling lights in the store may not be a particularly salient activity on the part of the retailer, but if they replace the entire light bulbs in their 5000+ stores and save millions of dollars every year from this action Also, selling a new product might not be too stimulating for customers, but if it's both new and trusted by the retailer to the point of swapping out all of their ceiling fan lights for a brand new This is a real push, a very real boost to their purchase It is true that compact fluorescent lamps are more energy-efficient than incandescent bulbs, this is also beneficial for customers, so the spread is stronger Group opinion There is no doubt that this is another success for Walmart in transforming consumer behavior and can be considered a complete success as it helps Walmart save energy costs in the long run, sell more products and at the same time promote and encourage consumers to use electricity more economically and reasonably - both economically and environmentally However, the group's view shows that this move is somewhat bolder and more suitable for large companies, because if we change Walmart - a retailer with great worldwide coverage - into a any other small business, it couldn’t certain that it could make such a big impact, and the author himself does not deny that this success is largely due to the size of Walmart In addition, this stimulus can lead to action as well because this purchase has benefits for consumers - reducing electricity costs - otherwise, perhaps after thinking logically, they wouldn’t so easy to convert if it wasn't beneficial Plastic bag example Case study description - Only 5,2% on 380 billion of plastic bag was recycle a year - Bags could last 1000 years in landfill - Every year, there are 1,6 billion gallons’ oil use to make plastic bags There is a misunderstanding that paper bags are more environmentally friendly, but the manufacturing process of paper bags causes more pollution to the environment and they are "easier to decompose" which doesn't really help because they are just easier to decompose on the ground with the impact of sun and wind, not on the road as it is today First, IKEA charge for bags that customer use which decrease 50% bags consumption in US and 95% in UK Then, they stop offer bags in store any more and set target to decrease 50% bags consumption in US store in year but it succeeds out of estimated when 92% of there customer response Irish government taxed every bag for 33 cents then in one week 94% stop using and after a year every one said no to it Moreover, pressure from global environmental challenges for plastic pollution and the multifaceted global trade environment affect the corporate sector’s operation Changing the behavior of using plastic bags to reusable cloth bags or easy to decompose is a matter of concern and top priority Stakeholder IKEA Government (UK, US, Irish) Ecologists Consumer/Citizen Strategy and Tactics The recycling of plastic products and waste is essential for the benefit of both people and the environment This increases the importance of raising awareness among companies and promoting initiatives for acting by the principles of CSR Important factors are regulations and industry-specific norms which can limit the use of recycled plastics, and papers This results in that recycled plastic may not be used in the same new products Instead, it is only used for the production of lower-standard products Such campaigns inevitably involve a collaboration between government and not only supermarket chains (and the private sector more widely) but also the wider community While state and federal governments oversaw the launching of these initiatives, it was left to corporate business chains with support from small- and medium-sized businesses also associated with shopping centers and supermarkets to drive and change the customer’s behavior of using plastic bags Plastic bags are used in supermarkets so that you can easily carry your groceries Plastic bags can be used for many different purposes They are versatile, which is one of the biggest benefits you get Whenever you go to a store or market, you get a plastic bag at no cost whatsoever, and that is the reason why the number of plastic bags are racking up after going out shopping Once the items are out of these bags, you can use them in a multitude of ways, such as storing foods in the refrigerator or lining your trash cans, plastic bags can be very convenient for households If you don’t use it anymore, you just need to throw it in the trash Plastic bags are generally used for a matter of minutes before being discarded, and then take hundreds of years to break down Most of us own reusable bags, but the challenge is remembering to have them with us when we need them One easy way to remember is to always keep a reusable bag (or bags) by your front door, in your handbag, or wherever works for you like going out shopping you, you just need to take them with you if they are in good shape, can be reusable If you forget, instead of accepting a plastic bag on auto pilot, see if you can manage without Often we can simply carry the items loose Once you have successfully adopted the habit to always bring your own reusable bag, consider going one step further and persuading your local town to go plastic bag-free So, why some organizations or supermarkets are still using plastic bags in business? Packaging items in plastic, including for e-commerce shipping, is often the cheapest option for brands Some brands make the excuse that they use plastic packaging that can be recycled But just because some plastic packaging can be reused or recycled doesn’t mean it actually is At the supermarkets, recycled bags are just placed on small shelves nearly the counter but it’s hard for buyers to see and take it In addition, the buyers prefer free and convenient things, and a part of buyers are familiar with using plastics bags and feel inconvenient when having to take recycled or reused bags to go shopping Companies need to a better job cutting down on plastic They owe it to their customers and the environments Group opinion We have already known about the disadvantages of using plastic bags and how long does it take for a plastic bag to decompose? If the government set the law they plastic bags must be banned immediately, it can’t happen at all Firstly, In order to protect our planet from plastic pollution, it is essential to create social awareness about the harmful effects of plastic And awareness starts by informing and educating our children It is important to teach children about the importance of saying ‘No’ to plastics The supermarkets can reduce the number of giving plastic bag for consumers, and replace by recycled bags, introduce or advertise clearly about the disadvantage of plastic bags and the advantages of recycled/reusable bags And the most important is the government, they can set some campaigns and gradually “Ban The Bag” campaign mobilizing citizens in the fight against single-use plastic bags The objective is to encourage communities to get engaged and take action against the use and distribution of plastic bags in their areas Nudge aims to influence the choices we make, but without taking away the power to choose Nudges are beneficial as we don’t always think and decide logically and consciously, weighing up all of the costs and benefits The majority of our decisions are made instinctively and unconsciously Therefore, in order to drive a positive change in people’s behavior, we need to tap into that instinctive way of thinking Vehicle tax example Case study description For person who not pay for vehicle tax, the agency has simply added the sentence " pay your tax or lose your car" to the letter sent to them, in some cases including a picture of the car with a question mark And so the people who paid for the letter with the sentence doubled and tripled it for the picture Stakeholder Government / tax agency Citizen didn’t pay for vehicle tax Strategy and Tactics It can be seen that this is a very simple and to the point stimulation method They either give those people a direct message about the performance of their obligations or suffer the consequences as a result Showing consequences clearly and visually, even with vivid illustrations, makes it easy for them to feel threatened and forced to take responsibility so they don't suffer the consequences Group opinion Increasing awareness visually like this is also a good and interesting way, letting those responsible see the consequences of their actions will stimulate them to take responsibility, but with illegal behaviors, perhaps the best way is still to use the law as a deterrent, because there is no guarantee that these stimulation will work for those who want to avoid it in the first place Healthy foods vs snack example Case study description Children are regularly averse to healthy foods and have a tendency to reject “nutrition policies.” They will prefer a meal full of greasy foods, consisting of burgers and sandwiches For example, for school lunches, researchers have analysis food choice behavior at school cafeterias through placing as few nutritious foods as possible in hardto-reach places (e.g putting milk on the front of the counter and chocolate milk in the back), they are able to dramatically extrude the selections the kids have made Put broccoli on the top of the meals line Expanded the variety of students buying through 10% to 15%, those are consumer approaches to make them pay more interest to their health by replacing it with healthy foods and reduce the impact of unhealthy foods Nowadays, healthier options often cost more due to the fact that consumers' health comes first The opposite mentality is used by supermarkets, they are placing chocolates and candies close to the checkout counter in order that children can disturb their parents buying for them at the time their parents most confused time (juggling purses while packing their bags) All are customer-dealing with behaviors of businesses The health of consumers and ensuring food safety are very important In addition, promoting nutrition is also very popular nowadays As society develops, people additionally pay more attention to health issues At the same time, we can also see the ingenuity of entrepreneurs affecting consumer psychology through the above example Approaching customers to increase product sales, actively influencing the psychology of parents through children Stakeholder Nutritionists Ministry of Heath School canteen and catering staffs and managers Supermarket staffs and managers Parents Students/Kids Strategy and Tactics The basic psychology of consumers is that they often tend to take the things closest to them while choosing food which are placed on the frontline within reach or in their line of sight Usually, unhealthy foods, fast foods have eye-catching "appearance", which stimulates consumers Although those aren't good for health, but we can't deny that unhealthy foods look delicious Schools have targeted their kid's nutritional needs and health priorities through placing green ingredients in places that student can access easily This is a good signal due to the fact that the school places the importance of student health as a top priority However, some organizations have taken capitalization of consumers psychology to make their own profits In supermarkets, they may take advantages of the psyche of the kids Because kids aren't aware and thinking sufficient to become clever consumers It can be said that kids are often have a tendency to like sweet or candies which are eyecatching of their sight Taking advantage of that, in supermarkets, they often placed chocolate or sweet bars right on the checkout so that those children can ask their parents to buy it for them And of course, in the state of struggling to pay and bundle things, parents will not refuse because it could be troublesome if the kid keeps asking and whining in the supermarket Therefore, businesses have captured the psychology of these consumers Business can become good or bad depending on the products and services of the organizations to provide goods to consumers In fact, businesses can not only make profits, but also help society if they have the proper tactical choices Group opinion The lesson is clear: instead of providing unhealthy foods, bring healthy foods to the consumers The school has positioned the health of its students first and is a good element businesses and organizations can learn from In the case of supermarkets, let's come up with better solutions to provide consumers great experiences to improve their health Instead of placing sweets like chocolate and sweets to attract children, we can place cereal and milk instead Cereals often have an attractive packaging and this attracts children And we all know that cereals have a certain nutritional content, not cause obesity and provide adequate nutrients for young children Cereals are a reasonable, convenient and quick source of breakfast nutrition And cereal always served with cow's milk Fresh cow's milk consists of an abundant amount of calcium, protein, B vitamins, vitamin D and lots of different minerals which are good for the human body such as potassium, magnesium, phosphorus Therefore, fresh cow's milk plays an important role in nutrition The process of human growth and development from childhood to adulthood, turning into one of the most used things in the world Therefore, if parents purchase cereal, they will have to buy milk This will increase the revenue of the business and at the same time creates a good looks for consumers once they care about their health Corporate social responsibility in the direction of food companies should be defined as: choosing healthy products to market and taking care of consumers' health Nudge theory is a fairly modern theory of consumer behavior research But nudge has a new concept that is more than just about understanding what consumers think, how they decide, and how they buy And build habits that train customers to think and act towards the products and services the company is providing Identify problems which are likely to persist or disappear, affecting product purchase decisions Through the two examples above, we can also see that businesses have intelligently put theory into practice 10 Example in Vietnam: • “Kill two birds with one stone” AT DECREE 100 Decree 100/2019/ND-CP, providing penalties for all vehicle drivers participating in traffic, including cyclists and motorcyclists, when breath alcohol concentration is no matter what level, with the highest sanction up to 40 million VND, it was really a "double push" It not only helps to reduce traffic accidents caused by alcohol, but also helps to gradually change the drinking culture that has been deeply ingrained in the lives of many people for a long time In particular, for employees of Vinacomin company, this is also an opportunity to change themselves And in fact, after more than two months of the Decree coming into life, the culture of drinking and living among workers and staff of Vinacomin has really had many positive changes All drivers of vehicles with blood alcohol levels regardless of how much are fined; for the driver of a car that violates the highest alcohol concentration, a fines are from 30-40 million VND, many times higher than before; at the same time, deprive drivers of the right to use driving licenses for 22-24 months for vehicle drivers with an alcohol concentration exceeding 80 milligrams per 100 milliliters of blood or exceeding 0.4 milligrams per liter of breathing air The Decree also clearly states that even cyclists and rudimentary vehicles will be fined, etc Therefore, this is a condition for Vinacomin to thoroughly and step by step build corporate culture, including cultural acts of eating industrial rice, conference meals and other conferences and exchanges without alcohol Another thing shows that our health is important Decree 100 on severely penalizing traffic participants for drinking alcohol as well as the direction of High Leaders are necessary conditions for us to change the drinking culture The sufficient condition will be in the sense of implementation of each person Hopefully, this "double push" will make each worker and officer change his or her behavior, gradually change the culture in dining, conferences and drinking culture, moving towards building corporate culture with beauty and safety… Case study final question: Question 1: Which argument you favor-persuading a company to incorporate a CSR perspective voluntarily or forcing them to change using legislation? Why? Which of these two approaches is ideal? Which is more realistic? Answer: Persuading a company to implement the concept of CSR is an ideal approach But in reality, there are still many companies that not realize the importance of implementing CSR, forcing them to take some intervention measures carded by law 11 Corporate social responsibility is not only compliance with applicable laws also broader responsibilities beyond the scope and requirements of regulations, laws Enterprises that want to develop into the world market should implement well CSR from the beginning, from international standards in governance, to grasp the advantages for integration To this, businesses must soon realize the importance of implementing CSR In fact, there are still many businesses that not fulfill their responsibilities to society such as infringing upon the legitimate rights and interests of workers and consumers, polluting the environment, food safety and hygiene And so on, inflation increased Therefore, it is necessary for legal intervention to prevent acts that intentionally affect the society of enterprises For example, the Formosa factory discharged dirty water, killing fish and polluting water sources For profit, they did not pay attention to the people living around, forcing the law to intervene and deal with it When a business implements CSR successfully, they will gain significant benefits such as increasing profits, reducing employee turnover, attracting a highly skilled workforce or expanding the world market Question 2: Google the terms CSR, mandatory, voluntary Have a brief look at some of the relevant documents this search produces What is your sense of the argument that is playing out within the business world? Where would most firms like the balance to fall? Is that the same as the nonprofit organizations or NGOs that are also participating in the debate? Answer: CSR is not too strange for developed countries, but CSR is still quite new and has been introduced into Vietnam for more than a decade, but in recent years, there have been many Vietnamese enterprises that have established a brand name bright and developed brand The implementation of CSR is increasingly recognized by Vietnamese businesses as an indispensable and objective requirement in the integration process In fact, in Vietnam, the implementation of corporate social responsibility is considered an act of solving social problems for charitable and humanitarian purposes, but sometimes they still violate the Business Law Enterprise Law, Environmental Law, or other law violations There are many reasons for this situation, first of all because businesses not have a correct, objective, scientific perception and especially not have "heart", "virtue" in implementing Corporate Society (CSR) to the social community 12 Businesses will want to put their money where the community can accept their activities Similar to nonprofits and NGOs because CSR compliance can also be seen as the focus of nonprofits and the director of government diplomacy as it will play an important role is very important in deciding whether such businesses are accepted by the community Businesses that create a lot of social value will gain many benefits and have the ability to go far Question 3: In 2003, the Norwegian government passed a law that was designed to force “listed companies to have women as 40 per cent of their directors.” At the time “only per cent of directors were female.” The law came into effect in 2008 and, similar to the IKEA and Irish government social experiments outlined in the case, the results were dramatic: “[Today] the country now has the world’s highest proportion of female board members…44 per cent of directors are women.” How well you feel women are represented in executive and board positions in firms in your country? Do you think a similar law would improve things? Answer The fact that women represent executive positions and boards in companies is not too strange in the 21st century, because now the distinction between men and women in business seems to be gone Both men and women can occupy the same executive leadership positions in the company Typically, Ms Nguyen Thi Phuong Thao, CEO of Vietjet and vice president of HDBank This is a prime example of gender equality in business positions even in a male-female corporation The application of a similar law will be able to improve many things because when applying this law, potential women will be able to bring into full play their full potential in business to achieve their goals for reaching the high positions in a business are not inferior to those of men Question 4: Have a look at this video, which shows Coca-Cola’s “World’s Largest Bottleto- Bottle Recycling Plant”(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0f4Sl804HPM) What are your thoughts? Does it change your perception of the firm? Would you ever choose the drinks you buy because of action such as this? Answer: Coca Cola has cleverly scored points in the eyes of consumers with the reuse of plastic bottles, minimizing the negative impact on the environment (reducing materials for transportation to customers, reducing plastic waste into the environment) also can increase the profit in each reusable plastic bottle 13 Coca Cola has done very well CSR to the community through the reuse of plastic bottles to reduce environmental pollution I will choose and appreciate beverage brands that well with CSR, always protect the environment and care about society Question 5: Have a look at the UK newspaper The Daily Mail’s “Banish the bags” campaign (http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-519770) If you are not in the UK, can you imagine a similar campaign being waged by a newspaper in your country? If you are in the UK, did you know about the campaign? Was it a success? Why or why not? Answer: A similar campaign in the UK is also being carried out and deployed in Vietnam The elimination of plastic bags from daily life is one of the big goals that leaders in Vietnam implement The plan sets out the goal that by the end of 2021, 100% of supermarkets and trade centers will only use environmentally friendly packaging Firstly, from a public point of view, the leadership needs to ask business agencies to minimize and move towards not using non-biodegradable plastic packaging and at the same time to replace single-use plastic products in the industry at all daily activities Increasing public awareness is also essential, some convenience store chains across the country have switched to using biodegradable packaging In 2021, Ho Chi Minh City continues to develop and deploy the 3T model (reduce - reuse - recycle) to increase the reduction, reuse and recycling of plastic waste in activities If I were in the UK I would certainly know about this campaign because it has been carried out so extensively in large areas of England This campaign in terms of reducing a fraction of the consumption of single-use plastic bags has been very successful But in terms of macro and longer term, the campaign failed because when it comes to reducing plastic bags, providing plastic bag replacement products will not be enough and there will be businesses that will not comply with CSR commitments on long-term plastic bag reduction References: Strategic corporate social responsibility-3th edition-David Chandler from page 540 to 552 14 https://congan.com.vn/quoc-te/thoi-su-quoc-te/nobel-kinh-te-ve-tay-nguoi-nghien-cuukinh-te-hoc-hanh-vi_46240.html https://www.saga.vn/su-phat-trien-cua-kinh-te-hoc-hanh-vi-va-anh-huong-cua-no-dencac-to-chuc~43510 https://www.sodexo.vn/ban-muon-gan-bo-nhieu-hon-voi-cong-viec-mot-cu-hich-nhe-laviec-nen-lam/?fbclid=IwAR2ALTwFgBHt6LMFeW3w7vhO7jV5UpBHtXMRf3WBqBprVzQ0iSiPqmy1Oc https://www.thanthongnhat.vn/goc-nhin-cuoc-song/cu-hich-kep-tu-nghi-dinh-1006363.html https://tapchitaichinh.vn/tai-chinh-kinh-doanh/thay-doi-nhan-thuc-cua-doanh-nghiep-vanguoi-tieu-dung-trong-thuc-hien-trach-nhiem-xa-hoi-310734.html https://tapchicongthuong.vn/bai-viet/nang-cao-trach-nhiem-xa-hoi-cua-doanh-nghiep-oviet-nam-nham-muc-tieu-phat-trien-ben-vung-72855.htm https://tuoitre.vn/het-nam-2021-sieu-thi-tp-hcm-khong-con-tui-nhua20210529215245797.htm https://moh.gov.vn/hoat-dong-cua-lanh-dao-bo//asset_publisher/TW6LTp1ZtwaN/content/tap-oan-vingroup-trao-tang-bo-y-te-30-mayxet-nghiem-covid-19-qua-hoi-tho https://aaouforum.blogspot.com/2019/02/ly-thuyet-ap-dung-trach-nhiem-xa-hoi.html https://tuoitre.vn/formosa-dung-dau-cac-vu-gay-o-nhiem-nam-2016-1351267.htm James Leggate –FOXBusiness-29 September,2019 https://www.foxbusiness.com/markets/walmart-5-things-to-know 15 ... https://www.thanthongnhat.vn/goc-nhin-cuoc-song/cu-hich-kep-tu-nghi-dinh-1006363.html https://tapchitaichinh.vn/tai-chinh-kinh-doanh/thay-doi-nhan-thuc-cua-doanh-nghiep-vanguoi-tieu-dung-trong-thuc-hien-trach-nhiem-xa-hoi-310734.html https://tapchicongthuong.vn/bai-viet/nang-cao-trach-nhiem-xa-hoi-cua-doanh-nghiep-oviet-nam-nham-muc-tieu-phat-trien-ben-vung-72855.htm... the things closest to them while choosing food which are placed on the frontline within reach or in their line of sight Usually, unhealthy foods, fast foods have eye-catching "appearance", which... approaches to make them pay more interest to their health by replacing it with healthy foods and reduce the impact of unhealthy foods Nowadays, healthier options often cost more due to the fact that