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PRACTICE TEST 13-2 Many people have a close relationship with their pets These people treat their birds, cats, or other animals as members of their family In your opinion, are such relationships good? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer PART A LEXICO & GRAMMAR I Choose the best answer He tries to ……… himself with everyone by paying them compliments a gratify b please c ingratiate d commend Assembly lines are useful for producing a large ……… of identical products a quality b quantity c quandary d qualification Everyone knows about pollution problems, but not many people have ……… any solutions a thought over b come up with c looked into d got round to Mr Nixon refused to answer the questions on the ……… that the matter was confidential a reasons b excuses c grounds d foundations The VCTV tries to ……… for all tastes with its national programs a cater b suit c furnish d regard When his alarm went off, he shut it off and slept for ……… 15 minutes a other b others c another d the others Every woman who has enough criteria can join the beauty contest irrespective of their background a regardless of b on account of c under guarantee d in consideration of ………, dolphins have no sense of smell a As known as far b As far as is known c It is known as far d Known as far as it is “Another cup of coffee?” – “No, but thanks ………” a not at all b for all c all the same d you for all 10 ……… I’ve told him not to go out with those people, but he wouldn’t listen Just let him face the music now a Many a time b Many the time c Quite a time d For a time 11 Most crimes that are committed are no more than ……… theft a slight b small c unimportant d petty 12 This is ……… the most difficult job I’ve ever had to a by heart b by chance c by far d by myself 13 No matter how angry he was, he would never ……… to violence a resolve b recourse c exert d resort 14 He had to retire from the match suffering from a ……… ligament a torn b broken c slipped d sprained 15 ………, he felt so unhappy and lonely a Despite of his riches b Rich as was he c Rich though he was d Despite of the fact that he was rich 16 ……… as taste is really a composite sense made up of both taste and smell a That we refer to b What we refer to c To which we refer d What we refer to 17 The development company …… approval from the council for their plans for a new shopping center A searched B begged C pleaded D sought 18 Paul’s been in Alice’s bad ……… ever since he offended her at the party a eyes b books c likes d treats 19 The woman who was taken to hospital had been ……….for three hours a indifferent b insensitive c unconscious d unfeeling 20 ……… discovered has been a source of disagreement among historians a Fermentation was how they b How was fermentation c How fermentation that was d How fermentation was II Complete the following passage with the correct forms of the words given (10ps) As Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the eighteenth century, it became an (1.INCREASE) _ important marketing center for a vast and growing agricultural hinterland Market days saw the crowded city even more crowded, as farmers from within a radius of 24 or more kilometers brought their sheep, cows, pigs, vegetables, cider, and other products for direct sale to the (2.TOWN) The High Street Market was continuously (3.LARGE) _ throughout the period until 1736, when it reached from Front street to Third By 1745 New Market was opened on Second Street between Pine and Cedar The next year the Callowhill Market began operation Along with market days, the institution of twice-yearly fairs persisted in Philadelphia even after similar trading days had been (4.CONTINUE) in other colonial cities The fairs provided a means of bringing (5.HAND) goods from outlying places to would-be buyers in the city Linens and stockings from Germantown, for example, were popular items Auctions were another popular form of occasional trade Because of the competition, retail merchants opposed these as well as the fairs Although (6.GOVERNMENT) _ attempts to eradicate fairs and auctions were less than successful, the ordinary course of economic development was on the merchants' side, as increasing business specialization became the order of the day Export merchants became (7 DIFFERENCE) _ from their importing counterparts, and (8 SPECIAL) _ shops began to appear in addition to general stores selling a variety of goods One of the reasons Philadelphia's merchants generally (9.PROSPERITY) _ was because the surrounding area was (10.GO) tremendous economic and demographic growth They did their business, after all, in the capital city of the province Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle, but citizens from all over the colony came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and meetings of the courts of justice PART B READING COMPREHENSION I CLOZE TEST Letter to the editor The Prime Minister’s comments yesterday on education spending (1)…… the point, as the secondary education system also needs a major overhaul Firstly, the system only views the weakest learners as having special needs The brightest and most conscientious students are not encouraged to develop to their full (2) … Secondly, there’s too much testing and not enough learning My fifteen-year-old daughter, for example, has just spent the last month or so (3) …… for exams These aren’t even real, important exams, as her GCSEs will be next year They’re just (4) …… exams Is the work she’s been doing really going to make her more knowledgeable about her subjects, or will she forget it all tomorrow? I suspect the (5)… Thirdly, the standard (6) …… doesn’t give students any tuition in developing practical work-related, (7) …… and social skills, or in skills necessary for higher education How many students entering university have the first idea what the difference is between (8) …… someone else’s work and (9)…… good use of someone else’s ideas? Shouldn’t they have been taught this at school? How many of them are really able to go about (10) …… – a skill that’s essential at university because there are no teachers to tell you what to – in an efficient way? Indeed, how many students graduate from university totally unable to spell even simple English words correctly? The system is letting our children down a lose b escape c miss d fail a capacity b ability c achievement d potential a cramming b lecturing c reading d practising a false b mock c fake d artificial a latter b frontier c later d second a timetable b lecture c seminar d curriculum a life b alive c living d live a writing b going over c plagiarising d repeating a taking b making c having d creating 10.a reviewing b revision c distance learning d self-study II Fill in each gap with one suitable word The knowledge and eloquence that people gain through travelling is usually perceived (1)…… the best fulfillment in life It is the inquisitive human nature that impels people to seek thrilling experiences and to set out on an exploration trip (2) who travel frequently and to diverse places benefit from establishing new relationships and (3)……a better knowledge about other cultures and lifestyles However, there is a grain of truth in the assumption that people are prone to cherishing clichés and unfounded prejudices about other nations and their characteristics Sometimes, it is only the first-hand encounter (4)…… can help change the approach towards the so-called 'inferior communities' This direct (5)……with a different civilization enables travelers to drop their baseless assumptions and get acquainted with the real concept of life in all four (6)……of the globe Beyond question, travelling facilitates friendship and makes (7)…… easier for many individuals to acknowledge the true value of different traditions and customs Yet, it does not always (8)……enjoyment It (9)……also involve coming close with the atrocities of real existence as well as becoming aware of the challenges and hardships that other people have to struggle with Hence, a true voyage is the one with a good (10) of experience to reminisce about, very often combined with exposure to abhorrent sights and incredible ordeals The learning to be complete, thus, requires an ability to observe and analyze the surroundings, both their glamour and brutality III You are going to read an article about Taekwondo Choose the most suitable heading from the list A – H for each part of the article Here is one extra heading which you not need to use Write your answers in the numbered blanks provided below ( pts) Taekwondo A People take up Taekwondo for a variety of reasons B You should be careful when you are deciding where to learn it C Some people are changing to Taekwondo from another martial art D The colour for each grade has its own particular meaning E All students promise never to misuse what they learn F It is a safe activity if you take plenty of care G We are not certain where the art of self-defence began H It is a unique and increasingly popular activity Taekwondo is the Korean name for the ‘ art of foot and hand fighting’ There is no other martial art style like it and none is so enjoyable in its freedom of expression Jumping and spinning in the air and striking out with hands and feet are its special characteristics These can be wonderful to perform and great to watch Today there are more than twenty million practitioners of Taekwondo and the numbers are growing quickly The history of the martial arts is the subject of much discussion and there are many theories concerning its origins China, Japan, Korean and India all have strong claims to the beginnings of unarmed combat, while fighting skills were a natural development throughout the world for self- protection Taekwondo itself began in Korean, a country which has a tradition of martial arts that goes back more than two thousand years If you have visited a traditional Karate class and found it too formal or even military in its approach, you will recognize that Taekwondo is more modern in the way things are done None of the politeness or discipline you would expect in a martial arts club is missing, but there is an air of enjoyment Mna people who previously did Karate are now training in Taekwondo as its many ways more progressive, more dynamic, more exciting and more entertaining Beginners are often attracted by what is an enjoyable, physical form of recreation with the added benefit of self- defence and increased self- confidence For some the fascination of learning techniques and performing them to exacting standards, combined with a high level of fitness, speed and strength, may be what appeals Others enjoy being a part of a disciplined group of people of both sexes, all ages and from many different backgrounds who can work together and help achieve their aims It is not unusual to find a 12-year-old girl or a 70-year-old man wearing a Black Belt To reach that level takes years of hard work Your first belt is white, which shows the innocence of the student who has no previous knowledge of Taekwondo If you pass your first grading exam, you receive a yellow belt This represents the Earth, where a plant takes root as the Taekwondo foundation is being laid The next grade is green, symbolizing the plant’s growth as skills begin to develop This is followed by blue: the plant is now maturing arid growing towards heaven as training progresses Then comes red, meaning danger, cautioning self- control to the student and warning the opponent to stay away Finally there is black, meaning maturity and proficiency in Taekwondo It also indicates the wearer’s conquest of darkness and fear The first thing to learn, though, is that Taekwondo is a martial art to be practiced with control Careless practice or fooling around can lead to injury Strict rules of conduct and close attention to them will help keep injuries to a minimum, particularly when you are training one-to one with another student In all combat situations like this you will have to wear thick gloves and padded boots to avoid damaging either yourself or your opponent, and – depending on the club you join – you may also need to wear a helmet and a chest protector In a good club there should be a feeling of friendliness The pace may be fast and the training might be tough at times, but nobody should be getting hurt Sit in on a class, see if people are enjoying themselves and have a look at who is there If the club has been going for a few years there should be, apart from the instructor, some other high grades – Blue, Red and Black Belts – practicing, because there is always more to learn From Black Belt 1st Dan you can go further still, possibly reaching th, 6th or even higher Dans after many years’ training Use NO MORE THAN THREE words taken from paragraphs 5,6,7 to fill in the following sentences In Taekwondo, the first belt is white, which shows the _ of the student who has no previous knowledge of Taekwondo The two factors which help keep injuries to a minimum are strict _ and close attention to them, particularly when you are training one-to-one with another student 10 The pace may be fast and the training is probably , but nobody should be getting hurt PART C WRITING I SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Bruce said that the situation at work was like a family argument (LIKENED)  ………………………………………………………………………………… Not many people attended the concert (POORLY)  ………………………………………………………………………………… 3.They arrived at their destination alive and kicking (SOUND)  ………………………………………………………………………………… At this moment I only have time to think about my university thesis (PREOCCUPIED) ………………………………………………………………………………… 5.Our boss is absolutely determined not to give us that pay rise (INTENT) Our boss ………………………………………………………… the pay rise 6.Suppose we make no changes at all for the time being? What …………………………………………………………………………… It’s rumored that we will have a new manager Rumor has …………………………………………………………………… My salary is half what I would be in the job I was offered in January If……………………………………………………………………………… ... backgrounds who can work together and help achieve their aims It is not unusual to find a 12-year-old girl or a 70-year-old man wearing a Black Belt To reach that level takes years of hard work Your first... when you are training one-to-one with another student 10 The pace may be fast and the training is probably , but nobody should be getting hurt PART C WRITING I SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Bruce... by what is an enjoyable, physical form of recreation with the added benefit of self- defence and increased self- confidence For some the fascination of learning techniques and performing them to