Quaranty role in the control of corona virus and its impact on world economy

Quarantine Role in the Control of Corona Virus in the World and Its Impact on the World Economy Dr.Naushad Khan Institute of Development Studies, The University of Agriculture Peshawar Email:- drkhan@aup.edu.pk Shah Fahad Student of B.Sc(Hons) Agriculture, Department of Rural Sociology, The University of Agriculture Peshawar Shah Faisal Student of B.Sc (Hons) Agriculture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar Mahnoor Naushad Student of B.Sc (Hons) Agriculture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar ABSTRACT The Study was carried out since 18th March, 2020 The universe of the study was the whole world The study major objective was to study quarantine role in the control of corona virus in the world and its impact on the world economy Secondary data was used and total 14 articles were downloaded from the net and studied 10 to 20 times and analyzed the situation The results indicates that the quarantine play important role in corona virus control but on the other side disturb the business activities of the world which affect the price level of different commodities of the world, and create unemployment problems in the world which further negatively affected the socioeconomic conditions of the world community Through this way balance of trades of all the countries of the world negatively affected which further disturb the prosperity of the world So quarantine on one side control the corona virus in the world, while on the other side affect all business activities of the world and make the world environment unfavorable, which crash the whole world economy Similarly when first corona virus appeared in China Wuhan where in the first instance it was not declared due to unavoidable effect on the China economy while lately it was announced because of this the corona spread into the whole world now 100 countries have been affected and total 200000 persons were infected by this virus Out of the whole 70% belong to China and 30 percent belong to other remaining countries of the world It was the main reason of the poor quarantine of the world countries and delay information of the China which was given to We chat by Dr.Li which latter on died by this virus The study also explained that the quarantine of the world of all the countries are very weak and because of this the people which came from Wuhan were not properly checked and allow to their countries which latter on spread the Corona virus in their countries and make environment unfavorable and multiplied the number of Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 affected in the world and crash the economy and spread a huge panic in the world Now UNO try for solution while WHO on the start not focus on the quarantine and told that no need of the quarantine while latter on the epidemic reached to multiple countries of the world which killed large number of people in their countries So quarantine and social distance are the two factors which reduce the corona virus in the world while on other side which affect the world economy negatively If the epidemic continue for large time then there is a chance of world economy crashing because the number of corona virus in China day by day decreasing while in other countries of the world day by day increasing which have closed all department of the world countries out of China China has controlled the situation and the number digit came into single while in other countries the digit increase, such as Italy, South Korea, Iran, are the top countries in the world On the basis of problems the study recommends that to impose strong quarantine in the whole world and focus on China and when anyone come from Wuhan the corona symptoms are observed or not but social distance should be kept from those people and give a separate place to them in the country till June July 2020 Special train health services group should be kept for corona virus sick people in the country on the basis of emergency, if the sick people are present or not; Boundaries of all countries should be sealed and all department of the countries should be closed till June July 2020; Social gathering should be baned in each country of the world; Province to province boundaries should be closed and sealed in a proper way while on quarantine places armies personal should be appointed for tight security; Face Mask should be supplied to all people of the world on free price; Honest staff should be appointed for duty of corona virus control; Mobile set should be provided to all world on free price for contact of one another; Fund should be provided by UNO to all affected countries of the world; Stigma and fake propaganda of corona virus should be reduced; Number of the hospital should be multiplied in all countries of the world for control of corona Virus; Net classes should be started for school, college and university student; Airport and transport facilities should be closed in the area for control of corona virus; World Doctor should be tried for vaccine invention; Islamic principle should be applied by people for corona virus control; In week one day market should be opened for purchasing of daily need commodities in all countries of the world; Information cell center should be opened in each country of the world for communication of information to concerned head quarter Always keep the body warm and escape from coldness in the country Always want help from Allah Key Words:- Quarantine, Role, Control, Corona Virus, Impacts , World Economy INTRODUCTION It is reported by UNICIF that the size of corona virus is so small which cannot seen with the help of eye So it does pass from any mask cloth and never spread in the atmosphere and only live on anything in the Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 universe The life of corona is 12 hours It will died by soap and water When it fell on the clothes whose life is hours while by washing clothes and put in the sun also died after hours while it live for 10 minutes on the hands It also died by 27 and 26 degree centigrade and because of this it never lives in the warm area Therefore the world scientist told that till June July 2020 the panic will be finished so now every country of the world are waiting to the mentioned date Quarantine play great role in corona virus control It stops spreading of the corona virus from one country to another Through quarantine sick persons are diagnosed and then put them in separate places till recovery Through this process the number of corona sick person infection should be reduced Corona virus has disturbed the world economy and if time become large then the world economy crashing is possible UNO and WHO try for corona virus controlling All doctors of the world are trying for its control measure but still the situation of the world is worsen day by day and have captured large number of countries of the world There the main reason is the quarantine failure in the world and without good quarantine the controlling of corona virus is impossible Seeing to its importance the present study was arranged for the beneficiaries of the world community The major objectives of the study are the role of quarantine role in control of corona virus and its impact on the world economy METHODS AND MATERIAL The Universe of the study is the world Corona has disturbed the whole economy of the world and majority persons have been killed by corona Total 13 articles were downloaded from the net and analyzed the situation and draw the conclusion about quarantine how it control the corona virus in the world and how the corona virus affect the world economy PAST LITERATURE ON QUARANTINE ROLE IN CORUNA VIRUS CONTROLE AND ITS IMPACTS ON THE WORLD ECONOMY CDC is responding to an outbreak of respiratory disease caused by a novel (new) coronavirus that was first detected in China and which has now been detected in more than 100 locations internationally, including in the United States The virus has been named “SARS-CoV-2” and the disease it causes has been named “coronavirus disease 2019” (abbreviated “COVID-19”).On January 30, 2020, the International Health Regulations Emergency Committee of the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a “public health emergency of international concern external icon” (PHEIC) On January 31, Health and Human Services Secretary Alex M Azar II declared a public health emergency (PHE) for the United States Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 to aid the nation’s healthcare community in responding to COVID-19 On March 11, WHO publicly external icon characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic On March 13, the President of the United States declared the COVID-19 outbreak a national emergency external icon Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that are common in people and many different species of animals, including camels, cattle, cats, and bats Rarely, animal coronaviruses can infect people and then spread between people such as with MERS-CoV, SARSCoV, and now with this new virus (named SARS-CoV-2).The SARS-CoV-2 virus is a beta coronavirus, like MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV All three of these viruses have their origins in bats The sequences from U.S patients are similar to the one that China initially posted, suggesting a likely single, recent emergence of this virus from an animal reservoir Early on, many of the patients at the epicenter of the outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China had some link to a large seafood and live animal market, suggesting animal-to-person spread Later, a growing number of patients reportedly did not have exposure to animal markets, indicating person-to-person spread Person-to-person spread was subsequently reported outside Hubei and in countries outside China, including in the United States Some international destinations now have ongoing community spread with the virus that causes COVID-19, as some parts of the United States Community spread means some people have been infected and it is not known how or where they became exposed Learn what is known about the spread of this newly emerged coronaviruses The complete clinical picture with regard to COVID-19 is not fully known Reported illnesses have ranged from very mild (including some with no reported symptoms) to severe, including illness resulting in death While information so far suggests that most COVID-19 illness is mild, a report external icon out of China suggests serious illness occurs in 16% of cases Older people and people of all ages with severe chronic medical conditions like heart disease, lung disease and diabetes, for example, seem to be at higher risk of developing serious COVID-19 illness A pandemic is a global outbreak of disease Pandemics happen when a new virus emerges to infect people and can spread between people sustainably Because there is little to no pre-existing immunity against the new virus, it spreads worldwide The virus that causes COVID-19 is infecting people and spreading easily from person-to-person Cases have been detected in most countries worldwide and community spread is being detected in a growing number of countries On March 11, the COVID-19 outbreak was characterized as a pandemic by the WHO external icon This is the first pandemic known to be caused by the emergence of a new coronavirus In the past century, there have been four pandemics caused by the emergence of novel influenza viruses As a result, most research and guidance around pandemics is specific to influenza, but the same premises can be applied to the current COVID-19 pandemic Pandemics of respiratory disease follow a certain progression outlined in a “Pandemic Intervals Framework.” Pandemics begin with an investigation phase, followed by recognition, initiation, and acceleration phases The peak of illnesses occurs at the end of the acceleration phase, which is followed by a deceleration phase, during which there is a decrease in Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 illnesses Different countries can be in different phases of the pandemic at any point in time and different parts of the same country can also be in different phases of a pandemic There are ongoing investigations to learn more This is a rapidly evolving situation and information will be updated as it becomes available Different parts of the country are seeing different levels of COVID-19 activity The United States nationally is currently in the initiation phases, but states where community spread is occurring are in the acceleration phase The duration and severity of each phase can vary depending on the characteristics of the virus and the public health response CDC and state and local public health laboratories are testing for the virus that causes COVID-19 Imported cases in travelers, Cases among close contacts of a known case, Community-acquired cases where the source of the infection is unknown Three U.S states are experiencing sustained community spread View latest case counts, deaths, and a map of states with reported cases Risk depends on characteristics of the virus, including how well it spreads between people; the severity of resulting illness; and the medical or other measures available to control the impact of the virus (for example, vaccines or medications that can treat the illness) and the relative success of these In the absence of vaccine or treatment medications, non pharmaceutical interventions become the most important response strategy These are community interventions that can reduce the impact of disease The risk from COVID-19 to Americans can be broken down into risk of exposure versus risk of serious illness and death The immediate risk of being exposed to this virus is still low for most Americans, but as the outbreak expands, that risk will increase Cases of COVID-19 and instances of community spread are being reported in a growing number of states People in places where ongoing community spread of the virus that causes COVID-19 has been reported are at elevated risk of exposure, with the level of risk dependent on the location Healthcare workers caring for patients with COVID-19 are at elevated risk of exposure Close contacts of persons with COVID-19 also are at elevated risk of exposure Travelers returning from affected international locations where community spread is occurring also are at elevated risk of exposure, with level of risk dependent on where they traveled Early information out of China, where COVID-19 first started, shows that some people are at higher risk of getting very sick from this illness This includes: Older adults, with risk increasing by age People who have serious chronic medical conditions like: Heart disease, Diabetes, Lung disease CDC has developed guidance to help in the risk assessment and management of people with potential exposures to COVID-19 More cases of COVID-19 are likely to be identified in the United States in the coming days, including more instances of community spread CDC expects that widespread transmission of COVID-19 in the United States will occur In the coming months, most of the U.S population will be exposed to this virus Widespread transmission of COVID-19 could translate into large numbers of people needing medical care at the same time Schools, childcare centers, and workplaces, may experience more absenteeism Mass gatherings may be sparsely attended or postponed Public health and healthcare systems may become overloaded, with elevated rates of Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 hospitalizations and deaths Other critical infrastructure, such as law enforcement, emergency medical services, and sectors of the transportation industry may also be affected Healthcare providers and hospitals may be overwhelmed At this time, there is no vaccine to protect against COVID-19 and no medications approved to treat it Non pharmaceutical interventions will be the most important response strategy to try to delay the spread of the virus and reduce the impact of disease Global efforts at this time are focused concurrently on lessening the spread and impact of this virus The federal government is working closely with state, local, tribal, and territorial partners, as well as public health partners, to respond to this public health threat CDC is implementing its pandemic preparedness and response plans, working on multiple fronts, including providing specific guidance on measures to prepare communities to respond to local spread of the virus that causes COVID-19 There is an abundance of pandemic guidance developed in anticipation of an influenza pandemic that is being adapted for a potential COVID-19 pandemic CDC established a COVID-19 Incident Management System on January 7, 2020 On January 21, CDC activated its Emergency Operations Center to better provide ongoing support to the COVID-19 response The U.S government has taken unprecedented steps with respect to travel in response to the growing public health threat posed by this new coronavirus: Foreign nationals who have been in China or Iran within the past 14 days cannot enter the United States U.S citizens, residents, and their immediate family members who have been in China or Iran within in the past 14 days can enter the United States, but they are subject to health monitoring and possible quarantine for up to 14 days On March 11external icon, a similar policy was expanded to include 26 European countries for a period of 30 days On March 14 external icon, a similar policy was issued to include the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland On March 8, CDC recommended that people at higher risk of serious COVID-19 illness avoid cruise travel and non-essential air travel Additionally, CDC has issued the following additional specific travel guidance related to COVID-19 CDC has issued clinical guidance, including: On January 30, CDC published guidance for healthcare professionals on the clinical care of COVID-19 patients On February 3, CDC posted guidance for assessing the potential risk for various exposures to COVID-19 and managing those people appropriately On February 27, CDC updated its criteria to guide evaluation of persons under investigation for COVID-19 On March 8, CDC issued a Health Alert Network (HAN) On March 10, CDC issued updated infection control guidance for healthcare settings, including guidance on the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during a shortage CDC has deployed multidisciplinary teams to support state health departments case identification, contact tracing, clinical management, and public communications CDC has worked with federal partners to support the safe return of Americans overseas who have been affected by COVID-19 An important part of CDC’s role during a public health emergency is to develop a test for the pathogen and equip state and local public health labs with testing capacity.CDC developed an rRT-PCR test to diagnose COVID-19.As of the evening of March 10, 79 Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 state and local public health labs in 50 states and the District of Columbia have successfully verified and are currently using CDC COVID-19 diagnostic tests Combined with other reagents that CDC has procured, there are enough testing kits to test more than 75,000 people In addition, CDC has two laboratories conducting testing for the virus that causes COVID-19 CDC can test approximately 350 specimens per day Commercial labs are working to develop their own tests that hopefully will be available soon This will allow a greater number of tests to happen close to where potential cases are CDC has grown the COVID-19 virus in cell culture, which is necessary for further studies, including for additional genetic characterization The cell-grown virus was sent to NIH’s BEI Resources Repository external icon for use by the broad scientific community CDC also is developing a serology test for COVID-19 Everyone can their part to help us respond to this emerging public health threat: Individuals and communities should familiarize themselves with recommendations to protect themselves and their communities from getting and spreading respiratory illnesses like COVID-19 Older people and people with severe chronic conditions should take special precautions because they are at higher risk of developing serious COVID-19 illness If you are a healthcare provider, use your judgment to determine if a patient has signs and symptoms compatible with COVID-19 and whether the patient should be tested Factors to consider in addition to clinical symptoms may include: Does the patient have recent travel from an affected area? Has the patient been in close contact with someone with COVID-19 or with patients with pneumonia of unknown cause? Does the patient reside in an area where there has been community spread of COVID-19? If you are a healthcare provider or a public health responder caring for a COVID-19 patient, please take care of yourself and follow recommended infection control procedures If you are a close contact of someone with COVID-19 and develop symptoms of COVID-19, call your healthcare provider and tell them about your symptoms and your exposure They will decide whether you need to be tested, but keep in mind that there is no treatment for COVID-19 and people who are mildly ill are able to isolate at home If you are a resident in a community where there is ongoing spread of COVID-19 and you develop COVID-19 symptoms, call your healthcare provider and tell them about your symptoms They will decide whether you need to be tested, but keep in mind that there is no treatment for COVID-19 and people who are mildly ill are able to isolate at home For people who are ill with COVID-19, but are not sick enough to be hospitalized, please follow CDC guidance on how to reduce the risk of spreading your illness to others People who are mildly ill with COVID-19 are able to isolate at home during their illness If you have been in China or another affected area or have been exposed to someone sick with COVID-19 in the last 14 days, you will face some limitations on your movement and activity Please follow instructions during this time Your cooperation is integral to the ongoing public health response to try to slow spread of this virus Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 Turner (6, March, 2020) reported that as the coronavirus continues to spread to more countries, and outbreaks accelerate in places like Germany and France, people around the world are staying inside Thousands who live in areas with major outbreaks, or who have tested positive for the Covid-19 disease, have been put in quarantine or isolation Millions of others who live in countries where coronavirus has spread are avoiding crowds or not leaving their homes in order to reduce the risk of contracting the disease They are stocking up on food and hand sanitizer They are hunkering down, turning to the television and internet to pass the time as they wait out the crisis Public health experts, including officials at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, emphasize the importance of choosing to stay home, especially if you feel sick It’s not just for personal safety Staying home reduces the risk to others, especially the most vulnerable: “your elderly neighbors, your neighbors who work at hospitals, your neighbors with chronic illnesses, and your neighbors who may not have the means or the time to prepare because of lack of resources or time,” as Zeynep Tufekci put it in Scientific American They spoke to people in five different countries: from China, where people in Wuhan have been living largely inside their homes for more than a month, to Singapore, where people are required to take their temperature before and after they leave school or work People around the globe are taking the threat of this disease seriously Here are their stories of enduring the outbreak Cheng Li, 65, retired librarian in Wuhan, China They first heard the term “pneumonia of unknown cause” around December 30 There was chatter on WeChat of the number of people that had been infected, and she immediately thought “SARS.” But my heart sank even further when she learned that it wasn’t SARS, but a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) that can be transmitted from person to person, with high infection and lethality rates She knew that this was going to be something big After the Wuhan municipal government decided to shut down all transportation on January 23, a mere two days before the Lunar New Year, my husband and I canceled all of our celebratory plans This was the first year in all my 65 years that I didn’t spend the New Year with family Not long after the holiday, daily necessities like masks and disinfectants started becoming scarce in stores Soon, stores were closed altogether As more people became infected, government measures became stricter I was no longer able to go out and walk our mini schnauzer We abided and stayed inside We have been at home for more than 40 days now At first, I vacillated between worried and bored But then I gradually adapted to our new life of isolation and learned to entertain myself I wrote in my journal, I sketched pictures, and I learned to make a whole array of pastries, like rose-shaped steamed buns and scallion pancakes with beef Although life is a bit more inconvenient than normal, we no longer worry about the day-to-day Our community leader coordinates with local supermarkets to ensure every household has enough food and supplies When the coronavirus outbreak first started, our community faced each other with panic and fear; now we are calm, encouraging each other to stay positive through WeChat.Wuhan is a gem, known for its economy, culture, science, and technology, and it is also where I Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 have lived my entire life Sadly, it may take a while for the city to bounce back But I know that as soon as the lockdown is lifted, I’ll return to enjoying all it has to offer, strolling the streets and shops, and eating re gan mian, doupi, and lotus dishes sourced straight from East Lake Every day, I watch the news and feel increasingly hopeful as the number of cases decreases In a time of such uncertainty, it’s comforting to know that we have done everything we can to help control the epidemic It even makes being quarantined at home feel worth it As told to and translated by Alicia Lu Li’s name was changed to protect her privacy Luciana Grosso, 39, journalist in Lodi, Italy I wake up on the fifth day of my isolation, and my first thought is the thing I would like most in the world is to have breakfast in my favorite bar Immediately, I remember that I cannot It is closed — almost all the bars are I get up, make coffee by myself, and wonder when I’ll finally get to go back The city where I live, Lodi, is in the “yellow zone” for coronavirus risk, an area of alert but not of complete isolation The streets are open, but nobody is outside: Schools and offices are closed, streets are deserted, and there is a curfew at pm The silence out here feels unreal Meanwhile, the “red zone,” 10 kilometers from here, is completely quarantined: 10 small country villages, 50,000 inhabitants overall, in the deep Lombardian countryside,have been closed by the army that inhibit entrance and exit Nobody can move from there, and every activity has been suspended: no schools, no meetings, no carnival, no public events Also, Sunday Mass has been banned, the bishop arranging to live stream it on the internet At first, I have to admit that the coronavirus story felt sort of amusing to many of us A tiny part of my brain thought it was like playing The Walking Dead (“Can I be Negan?” I would say to my friends) But then the hours have passed, the alert has grown, the cases multiplied, and The Walking Dead fantasy stopped being fun The real fear and the paranoia started to spread around: All of us know someone who has been put in medical quarantine, who has been hospitalized, or who has been tested and is waiting for the results Now we are just looking for a way to pass the time Those who can work from home; those who cannot are simply doing nothing I call Gianfranco, a friend of mine who lives in Bertonico, which is inside the red zone He sounds calm, but he tells me that things inside the red zone are sur real: “They have closed us here and just told us to wait We feel bored, but we try not to get caught up in hysteria The ones who can go out to take a walk or to the grocery store, even if it is not easy, because no more than 40 people at a time are allowed to enter, to avoid gatherings Some pharmacies have started to ban the access and to serve the customers by a small window The sooner it ends, the better it is.”I decide to take the car and go to the “border” of a red zone country town called Castiglione d’Adda, which has 4,600 inhabitants and is surrounded by cultivated fields I see an elderly couple taking a walk We talk to each other yelling across the border, under the surveillance of police, who are posted up at checkpoints “To us, quarantine or non-quarantine, nothing changes,” they tell me The youngest, on the contrary, are the ones in real trouble, says Sara, a 15-year-old girl I met near the border Kept home from school, with nothing to and nowhere to go, they are left alone with Netflix, social Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 networks, and some extra homework “Me and my friends have created a new WhatsApp group,” Sarah told me “We have called it ‘Fuck Covid.’ It is a good name, don’t you think?” Yes, I tell her It’s a great name Mac Schwerin, 31, writer in Singapore My workday begins with a temperature check to the forehead using one of those infrared sensor guns that beep when you pull the trigger I’m told anything above 37.5 degrees Celsius means trouble I live in Singapore, where coronavirus surfaced soon after escaping China We had our first confirmed case in late January and our first case by local transmission a couple weeks later; after that, the government declared Code Orange and began implementing more serious containment measures It sounds like martial law, but it wasn’t a big deal Some ministers went on Channel to calm people down, and the Straits Times, another unofficial organ of the state, ran considered, anti-sensationalist coverage The guidelines put into effect were modest My office, like all offices, was encouraged (or perhaps required; it can be hard to tell in Singapore) to screen employees at the start and close of business So now every day, I beep myself and record the temperature on a hard copy list, which may or may not find its way to some bottomless spreadsheet in the cloud In public, thermal readers have been placed at checkpoints to hightraffic areas They feature fixed cameras that pick up your heat signature and display it on monitors manned by bored-looking bureaucrats It is impossible to walk past one of these stations, as I several times a day, without worrying an alarm will go off and a cage will suddenly drop from above, like in that game Mouse Trap.Bigger institutions lean more cautious An acquaintance who’s doing a semester abroad at a local university has had most of her classes made remote When she does go in, the school instructs everyone to sit at least one desk apart Singapore has mounted an effective response to the virus in much the same way it tackles every issue of governance: behind closed doors, with a blend of brilliant technocratic precision and blunt authoritarian resolve One of the government’s strongest tools has been a sophisticated method of contact tracing, whereby Ministry of Health members work with police to identify likely cases before they emerge Investigators comb through records, cue up CCTV footage, and generally focus the lens of state surveillance on individuals who may (or may not) be unwitting vectors of the illness Their approach has made Singapore among the safest ports in this storm It sounds great but then again, I’ve never gotten a phone call Daniel Oh, 17, high school student in Seoul, South Korea I am a high school senior living in Seoul, South Korea As a response to coronavirus, the Korean government has shut down my school Events I was looking forward to have also been canceled, including music festivals, debate competitions, and sporting events I take classes online on voice chat platforms with my teachers and peers Teachers have been assigning more homework online due to the limitations of not having a physical classroom in place of proper lessons My church has also closed in-person services and moved to online streaming Every Sunday morning, our family casts the YouTube stream onto our TV It’s been a strange feeling to worship at home, but I’ve been trying vigilantly to keep my spirits up I spend most of my days at home completing Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 countries, where tests are not widely available, the researchers said “If we have 3,500 confirmed cases in the U.S., you might be looking at 35,000 in reality,” said Jeffrey Shaman, an epidemiologist at Columbia University and the senior author of the new report, which was posted by the journal Science The report is among the first to address two pressing questions: How many people are walking around with unrecognized infections, and how infectious are they? American policymakers have begun taking more aggressive measures to slow transmission, like canceling events and closing restaurants, but access to tests has been difficult or nonexistent in much of the country The top official of the European Union said on Monday that she was proposing a shutdown of all nonessential travel into the bloc President Emmanuel Macron of France said national leaders would approve the plan on Tuesday.“We propose to introduce a temporary restriction to non-essential travel to the European Union,” said Ursula von der Leyen, president of the European Commission, after a teleconference with G7 leaders “Of course there will be exemptions for E.U citizens coming back home, health care workers, doctors and nurses.”The restriction would last for 30 days, and would not interfere with travel from one European Union country to another But some of the member states have already taken steps in that direction Ten of the 26 countries that make up the passport-free Schengen Area have reintroduced border controls, partly or fully suspending the rules of the flagship European Union program, a spokesman for the European Commission said Infighting, turf wars and a president more concerned with the stock market and media coverage than policy have defined the Trump White House They have also defined how it has handled a pandemic The White House culture that President Trump has fostered and abided by for more than three years has shaped his administration’s response to a deadly pandemic that is upending his presidency and the rest of the country, with dramatic changes to how Americans live their daily lives It all explains how Mr Trump could announce he was dismissing his acting chief of staff as the crisis grew more severe, creating even less clarity in an already fractured chain of command And it was a major factor in the president’s reluctance to even acknowledge a looming crisis, for fear of rattling the financial markets that serve as his political weather vane Mr Trump has refused repeated warnings to rely on experts, or to neutralize some of the power held by his son-in-law, Jared Kushner, in favor of a traditional staff structure He has rarely fully empowered people in the jobs they hold.“Part of this is President Trump being Donald J Trump, the same guy he’s always been, and part of it is a government he has now molded in his image, rather than having a government as it has traditionally been, to serve the chief executive, and to serve the job of governing the country,” said David Lapan, a former spokesman for the Department of Homeland Security and the Pentagon, and a former aide of Mr Kelly Six counties in Northern California have ordered all residents to “shelter in place” in an effort to stop the coronavirus from surging The order, which takes effect Tuesday, is expected to disrupt life for millions of residents in Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, San Francisco, San Mateo, and Santa Clara counties The city of Berkeley Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 also issued the same order That means staying at home except for the most essential reasons Officials said people would be allowed to leave the house for essential work, to go to a grocery store, pick up medication, or even walk the dog But they urged everyone to practice social distancing while outside “It is now time to your part,” Dr Scott Morrow, the San Mateo health officer, said in a statement.“It’s asking people to go home with their families and to stay there until they are told otherwise,” said Mayor Joe Goethals of San Mateo, adding that only “essential” businesses like hospitals, grocery stores and pharmacies would remain open.“I don’t expect anyone to get arrested,” said Mr Goethals, who said people will still be allowed to go outside for limited activities, like buying food and getting fresh air “But it’s not optional This is mandatory for all of us.”The number of coronavirus cases in the United States crossed the 4,000 mark on Monday, with more than 70 deaths, including the first deaths in Indiana, Nevada and South Carolina A growing number of cities and states have taken significant actions to slow the coronavirus, shutting down schools, restaurants, bars, movie theaters and gyms The restrictions stretched from the now-empty sidewalks of New York City, where officials had made the wrenching decision to shut down public schools, to the fields and urban centers of Ohio Millions of Americans are now hunkered down at home for the foreseeable future Declaring “we are at war,” President Emmanuel Macron of France prohibited public gatherings of any size, postponed municipal elections and told people to stay in their homes except for essential needs His order, which goes into effect on Tuesday, is one of the most stringent anywhere in Europe Officials said that going out for a walk to get some fresh air would be allowed, but meeting a friend on a street or in a park would be punishable with a fine Christophe Castaner, the interior minister, said anyone on a public outing would need to carry a document justifying it, even if only a sworn statement written by that person He said that 100,000 law enforcement officers would be deployed to enforce the order Olivier Véran, France’s health minister, said that the government was asking each French person to limit human contact to a maximum of five people a day France, with more than 6,600 coronavirus cases and 148 deaths by Monday, had already ordered all “non-indispensable” businesses closed.“We will be able to end the confinement,” Mr Véran said in a post on Twitter “But without confinement, we will not be able to end the epidemic.”Spain, with almost 10,000 cases and more than 300 deaths by Monday, also ordered residents to mostly stay at home, though it is still allowing most people to go to work and has not announced any punitive measures Schools, restaurants and bars were ordered to close The pace of new coronavirus infections reported in Europe accelerates daily — roughly 6,000 on Thursday, 7,000 on Friday, 8,000 on Saturday, 9,000 on Sunday and 10,000 on Monday, bringing the total to about 62,000 France and Spain warned that their health care systems could be overwhelmed https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/09/coronavirus-latest-updates.html And in Italy, still the hardest-hit country in Europe and the first to impose nationwide restrictions on movement, the government announced $28 billion in emergency aid to individuals, businesses and the health Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 care system to stave off chaos and financial ruin Italy had almost 28,000 infections and more than 1,800 deaths as of Monday The government’s aid package delays mortgage, loan and tax payments, and offers extended parental leave, sick leave for people in quarantine, babysitting vouchers, and grants for selfemployed and seasonal workers.“We never considered fighting a flood with buckets,” Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte said “We are trying to build a dam to protect businesses, families and workers.” The governor, Mike DeWine, said that the state’s health director, Dr Amy Acton, had issued the order based on concerns that the coronavirus outbreak placed both voters and poll workers in potential danger His announcement came just hours after Judge Richard A Frye of the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas rejected the state’s request to push back voting to June Ohio was one of four states scheduled to vote on Tuesday The other three — Arizona, Illinois and Florida said that they planned to proceed with their elections while taking additional health precautions Kentucky also announced that it was delaying its primary The lobbying group for America’s biggest airlines called on the government on Monday to provide more than $50 billion in grants, loan guarantees and tax relief The group, Airlines for America, warned that the current situation was not sustainable for the industry and that there was no end in sight to the crisis.“This is a today problem, not a tomorrow problem,” said Nicholas E Calio, chief executive of Airlines for America “It requires urgent action.” The industry group said that flight cancellations are outpacing new bookings and that the decline in demand is getting worse by the day The request included $25 billion in grants for passenger carriers, $4 billion in grants for cargo, $25 billion in loan guarantees On Sunday, United Airlines executives said they were in talks with union leaders about reducing payroll costs The moves being considered include furloughs, pay cuts and reducing minimum hours United’s corporate officers will be taking a 50 percent pay cut, Oscar Munoz, the chief executive, and Scott Kirby, the president, said in a letter Both have already said they would forgo their base salaries through June In a sharp reversal, Prime Minister Boris Johnson said on Monday that everyone should avoid unnecessary travel and contact with others, should work at home and should stop going to places like bars, restaurants and theaters Mr Johnson called the measures “very draconian,” but he stopped well short of the kinds of steps taken by some harder-hit European countries He did not order schools or businesses closed, did not tell people to stay in their homes, and said the steps were not mandatory, but rather “giving very strong advice.”Mr Johnson and his government had faced harsh criticism for its laissez-faire approach to the pandemic They had spoken hopefully of “herd immunity” — in which many people would be infected, recover and then, it is hoped, be immune while it was inevitable that many people would take ill But at a news conference on Monday with top medical officials, he said: “Now is the time for everyone to stop nonessential contact with others and to stop all unnecessary travel.”In particular, people over 70 and those with serious illnesses should avoid contact with others, Mr Johnson said, suggesting that as a result, people should not visit nursing and Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 retirement homes The English actor Idris Elba, who was in the HBO series “The Wire,” announced on Monday that he had tested positive for the coronavirus, sharing the news with fans in a video that he posted on Twitter.“Transparency is probably the best thing for this right now,” said Mr Elba, 47 “If you’re feeling ill or you feel like you should be tested or you’ve been exposed, then something about it It’s really important.” https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/16/world/live-coronavirus-news-updates.html 10 On 30th January 2020, the WHO Director General has declared the outbreak of novel coronavirus 2019nCoV as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), based on the advice of the Emergency Committee under the International Health Regulations (2005).1 Following that determination, WHO did not recommend any travel or trade restrictions, based on the current information available Evidence on travel measures that significantly interfere with international traffic for more than 24 hours shows that such measures may have a public health rationale at the beginning of the containment phase of an outbreak, as they may allow affected countries to implement sustained response measures, and non-affected countries to gain time to initiate and implement effective preparedness measures Such restrictions, however, need to be short in duration, proportionate to the public health risks, and be reconsidered regularly as the situation evolves Countries should be prepared for containment, including active surveillance, early detection, isolation and case management, contact tracing and prevention of onward spread of 2019-nCoV infection, and to share full data with WHO In accordance with their obligations under the Article 43 of the International Health Regulations (2005), States Parties must inform WHO about additional health measures that significantly interfere with international traffic For countries that have decided to repatriate their nationals from Wuhan City, Hubei province, the following key considerations need to be made, in order to ensure the health and wellbeing of those involved in the repatriation In addition, measures aimed at bolstering national preparedness capacities to prevent the further spread or importation of 2019-nCoV before, during, and after repatriation need to be considered Advanced bilateral communication, coordination, and planning with the responsible authorities before departure The aircraft should be properly staffed with sufficient medical personnel to accommodate the number of nationals anticipated, and that they are outfitted with appropriate PPE and equipment/supplies to respond to illness en route The non-medical crew of the aircraft should be properly briefed and outfitted, as well as aware of the signs and symptoms to detect symptomatic passengers for nCoV.Exit screening, for example temperature measurement and a questionnaire, should be conducted before departure for the early detection of symptoms Screening results should be shared with the receiving country It is advised to delay the travel of the suspected ill travellers detected through exit screening to be referred for further evaluation and treatment The seating location of passengers inside the aircraft should be duly noted/mapped in case a passenger begins to display symptoms, so they can be isolated, and to furthermore take note of those in the immediate vicinity (ex: those within Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 same row, and two rows in front and two rows behind) for the needed follow up upon arrival In case suspected cases are detected on the aircraft, the cabin crew should inform and seek advice from a groundbased medical service provider at the point of entry of arrival through the control tower In cases of severe illness, the pilot in command may consider diversion for the unwell passenger to the nearest point of entry receive the required treatment In the event of a respiratory illness en route, the following immediate steps may be taken to reduce exposure and limit transmission to other passengers or aircraft crew Designate one dedicated cabin crew member to look after the ill traveler, preferably one who has previously interacted with the passenger; Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when dealing with symptomatic patients (medical or surgical mask, hand hygiene, gloves); In all cases, the adjacent seat(s) of the patient should be left unoccupied, if feasible; Passengers seated in the close vicinity should have their information on itinerary and contact details recorded for further follow up, as potential contacts, using a Passenger Locator Form3 This information may be collected on a voluntary basis for the remaining passengers; The patient on the aircraft should adhere to respiratory/cough etiquette either by wearing a medical or surgical mask (if available and tolerated) or the patient could contain his cough or sneeze by using disposable tissue If the patient cannot tolerate a mask, healthy travelers adjacent to the ill traveler may be offered masks; Practice hand hygiene (hand washing or hand rub); Handle any blankets, trays or other personal products used by the patient with respiratory symptoms carefully; In case of presence of spills (vomits, blood spills, secretions or others), practice environmental cleaning and spills-management; Handle all waste in accordance with regulatory requirements or guidelines; Notify the health authority at the point of arrival The health part of the aircraft general declaration (Annex of IHR) can be used to register the health information onboard and submit to point of entry health authorities, when requested by the country; Ensure the flight crew maintain continuous operation of the aircraft’s air recirculation system (HEPA filters are fitted to most large aircraft and will remove some airborne pathogens, depending on the size of the particulate or microorganism) Entry screening: temperature screening alone may not be very effective as it may miss travelers incubating the disease or travelers concealing fever during travel, or it may yield false positive (fever of a different cause) If temperature screening is implemented, it should be accompanied with: Health messages: Dissemination of health messages and travel notices informing persons on signs, symptoms and where to seek medical support if needed Primary questionnaire: Development and use of forms to collect information on symptoms, history of exposure and contact information Data collection and analysis: Establishment of proper mechanisms for collection and analysis of data generated from the entry screening for the rapid evaluation and response Personnel and supplies: Trained personnel should be available for the early detection and initial evaluation of cases and equipped with the needed supplies Interview and initial management: A separate space should be designated for the initial assessment of suspected cases and the interview of contacts Fast track pathway and Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 transport: A separate pathway should be delineated to rapidly refer suspected cases to the designated hospital/facility for further evaluation to avoid contact with the other passengers Arrangement for safe transportation of suspected cases to the designated hospital/facility should also be in place Contingency plan: A functional public health emergency contingency plan at point of entry should be in place to respond to public health events Disinfection of the Aircraft: In accordance with the aircraft make and model, usage of preferred cleaning chemicals and methods should be consulted to properly disinfect the aircraft A segregated space at the PoE and trained personnel should be available to clean the aircraft after disembarking passengers Risk communication: Prepare countries to communicate rapidly and transparently with the population and ensure the involvement of media to support the spread of the right messages and avoid rumours4 Countries should communicate with their public early and effectively to mitigate stigma or discrimination and avoid panic, in line with the principles of Article of the IHR.Health measures: If there is evidence of an imminent public health risk from the arriving passengers, the country may, in accordance with Article 31 of the IHR and in alignment with its national law, deeming the extent necessary to control such a risk, compel the traveler to undergo additional health measures that prevent or control the spread of disease, including isolation, quarantine or placing the traveler under public health observation In the absence of an established quarantine law, countries should ensure emergency contingency protocols to support quarantine If the country decides to put arriving passengers, those not displaying symptoms, in a quarantine facility, the following needs to be considered, in accordance with Article 32 of the IHR: Infrastructure: there is no universal guidance regarding the infrastructure for a quarantine facility, but space should be respected not to further enhance potential transmission and the living placement of those quarantined should be recorded for potential follow up in case of illness Accommodation and supplies: travelers should be provided with adequate food and water, appropriate accommodation including sleeping arrangements and clothing, protection for baggage and other possessions, appropriate medical treatment, means of necessary communication if possible, in a language that they can understand and other appropriate assistance A medical mask is not required for those who are quarantined If masks are used, best practices should be followed Communication: establish appropriate communication channels to avoid panic and to provide appropriate health messaging so those quarantined can timely seek appropriate care when developing symptoms Respect and Dignity: travelers should be treated, with respect for their dignity, human rights and fundamental freedoms and minimize any discomfort or distress associated with such measures, including by treating all travelers with courtesy and respect; taking into consideration the gender, socio cultural, ethnic or religious concerns of travellers Duration: up to 14 days (corresponding with the known incubation period of the virus, according to existing information), may be extended due to a delayed exposure Health Care Workers: trained personnel should be assigned for the observation and follow up of these passengers in the Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 quarantine facility These health care workers should be equipped with the basic PPEs and commodities needed to deal with the suspected cases (medical/surgical masks, gowns, gloves, face shields or goggles, hand sanitizers and disinfectants) Additional commodities are needed for surveillance, lab and clinical management of the 2019-nCoV6 Additionally, they should be trained on case definitions, infection prevention and control measures, and the initial management of suspected cases to perform the following interventions Active surveillance: to identify suspected cases; Isolate suspected cases and ensure safe transport: strictly adhere to infection prevention and control (IPC) measures and social distancing procedure to prevent potential spread of the infection to others; Collect laboratory samples: to test for the 2019-nCoV in the national reference laboratory or international laboratories in the absence of the lab testing capacity; Manage cases clinically: Identify ambulances and designated health facilities to refer cases to for the necessary isolation, treatment and follow up Adhere to strict IPC measures to prevent the spread of the infection among health care workers or other patients; Trace contacts: to identify other potential cases within the quarantine facility, test, isolate and treat as necessary Extend and adapt quarantine period to correspond to the incubation period of the delayed exposure; Share data: on the number and description of cases with WHO using the WHO reporting forms and in accordance to Article of the IHR Other Support Staff: personnel responsible for administrative work and cleaning service should also be trained and properly briefed on signs and symptoms of the disease and provided with appropriate https://www.who.int/newsroom/articles-detail/key-considerations-for-repatriation-and-quarantine-of-travellers-in-relation-to-theoutbreak-of-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov 11 Khan and Faisal carried out a study since 3, March, 2020 The major objective was that to see the epidemiology of corona virus in the world and its effects on the China economy Secondary data was used and total 15 articles were downloaded from the net and read again and again and draw the conclusion about epidemiology of the corona virus in the world and checked its effects on China economy The result indicates that the virus was spread from the Hunan Sea food market China and then spread to the whole world slowly gradually which reached to majority world countries and have created panic in the whole world Every country of the world now try how to control the situation but the main epicenter is the China City Wuhan province Hoebi The China government have sealed the boundaries of this city and no one has right to cross the boundaries of this city in China They all are locked in the homes for protection purpose and China all Health departments are engaged in health services to infected community of the country Majority Health servants have been affected by this virus but the people of the health services try how to control the situation The trend is now on the declined while new cases were also appeared day by day but the nation is struggling for its control measures WHO experts involved in China how to control this epidemic disease which have destroy the whole world All schools and colleges have been closed and there is Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 a ban on all social activities in the country No factory was run for the purpose of production and all airports of the country have been sealed while all outsiders have been banned for entering into China The China country is in a position of hustle and bustle All developmental programs of the country have been closed for further activates of development Due this panic the country inflation rate of the goods are very high which reached to 50% The growth of the economy is also on the declined at 2% which was 6% in the past China is the big country of the world and this country economy is linked with all world countries economy Through this way all world economy is in a trouble because they have sealed their airports and no one have right to come from China or someone go to China Similarly the virus reached to every corner of the world and indifferent countries the trend is different of the infected people The number of South Korea infected person is seconded in the world and followed by Iran, Japan, United State, Thailand, Denmark, Ireland etc These countries have great traded activities with the china and because of this those countries have been highly affected by this virus Majority hypertension, diabetes infected people were died by this virus Still no vaccine was discovered for its control and it is reported that the world scientist are busy in vaccine discovery and it is the possibility that in one year the vaccine will be discovered No proper treatment in the world have been identified for this virus controlling but the infected people only are kept in hospital and only first aid applied to them and the people who immunity power is high who very easily recovered from the virus The study further explain that the virus sever attack is on the old people whose age is above 80 while below 9-15 years infection is less than the other age people Through social contact this virus transmitted to other people in the study area People mostly wear the facemask and plastic cloth for its protection Similarly the virus was carried out by traveling from one country to another It was also found that the transmitting source is the Hoebi Province and Wuhan City in the world The study further clarified that the whole world is in the panic and everyone try how to control the situation On the basis of problems the study recommend that all airports of the world should be closed and entry from one country to other country should be banned; Plastic clothe and facemask should be wore for its transition from one person to another; Food items should be checked by food inspector; All boundaries of all countries of the world should be sealed; Test laboratories of corona virus should be multiplied in the world; All countries of the world should be helped of one another in this panic and terror time, World scientist should try for discovery of vaccine; More funds should be provided to china and also provided good Doctors by WHO for this problem solution; Help mostly on humanitarian basses; Keep the infected person in warm room and should be treated well; Always wear the facemask and plastic cloths when contact to infected persons in the hospital; Through air craft, food and medicine should be provided to affected country of the world for food and medicine crisis’s; All countries of the world population virus test is requested for its best control Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 12 Khan and Fahad 24th Feb, 2020 carried a study The universe of the study was China The major objective was to critical review the present situation of corona virus in China Total 14 articles were downloaded from the net and 10 to 20 times reads and conclusion was drawn about this virus in China The study indicates that Corona was spread from the Hunan Seafood market Wuhan Province and then spread in the whole world as SARS and MERS Few cases by doctor in the start was identified in December in 2019 but the government has considered rumor in the country and warning were given to Doctor which was latter on died by this virus Due to late advertisement by media the virus spread in the whole world and transferred to 33 countries which affected different number The highest number was found in China 78966 followed by Diamond Princess where number of affectee was 691 while South Korea number was 602 The total death number was 2468 which was so high number than the SARS and MERS Through this way the economy of China was highly damaged and countries boundaries were sealed while in and out were closed Mostly the province of Wuhan and Hoebi were highly affected where the death number was 81 percent of the whole number Canada, United stated and WHO helped in virus controlling They give huge funds to China The virus story is very complicated and the diagnosed was difficult The shape of the virus was like crown while crown mean Corona, So its name was called corona This virus has different form SARS, Ebola, Flu, MERS and Influenza All were dangerous for body of human and all attacked mostly in the season of winter and damage the lungs and other tissue of the body The virus is live in the body of bat but the immunity power is high and it cannot damage to bats Similarly SARS and MERS live in the body of Covit and Camel while it not damage to them The main reason is temperature and immunity So it is necessary for world expert to analyze the situation and check the temperature and immunity role in Corona virus control All virus of flu, Ebola, SARS and MERS attacked in the winter season So it is also necessary to keep the body of the affected person warm for this virus controlling The bat and camel body temperature is also high, so there the virus affection is nil Do the experiment on bat, camel and Covit why the virus not affect their body On the basis of problems the review recommend that to keep the body of the affected person warm for its controlling; When touch animals then wash your hand with soap; Quarantine should be follow and keep constant in the country market; New hospital should be made for proper treatment; Face mask should be made in large number in the country; When some cases appeared then in time reported to concerned department for its treatment; Use more vegetables in daily life; Social talk should be closed when someone is affected by corona virus; All meat food should be cooked nicely More fund should be kept for health problems solution in the country; Always speak truth and never propagate fake information in the world.; Always kept eye on animal and wash your hand in the time of animal contact 13 The study was carried out since 6th, Feb, 2020 The major objective was that to examine the effect of corona virus on the world community Total fourteen articles were downloaded from the net and read 10 to 20 times Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 in depth and analyzed the situation and draw the conclusion The result indicates that corona virus problem was raised in late December 2019 in Wuhan and Hubei provinces in China The hub of the center was Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market and the source of the virus was bat soup A team at the Wuhan Institute of Virology led by virologist Zheng-Li Shi isolated the virus from a 49-year-old woman, who developed symptoms on 23 December 2019 before becoming critically ill Doctor, Li Wenliang on 31 December told that an unknown virus has been developed in the province of Wuhan and Hubei provinces as like SARS and MERS The symptoms were found fever, throat sore and sneezing by woman in the hospital The Doctor Li has shared the knowledge on E-Chat while police department has declared the rumors against the country and told to Dr.Li to delete the said statement from the E-Chat and keep the data in secrecy while latter on 20, January, 2020 it was announced by government media that Corona Virus has killed many people in the provinces of Wuhan and Hubei Due to late coverage in the mean time the virus was spread to the whole world which has damaged majority people in their area and emergency was announced by China and world Health Organization China has sealed majority airports and visas were cancelled by different countries in the world Globally 4594 cases of the corona Virus was confirmed China total confirmed cases number was 4537 while 6973 were suspected and 976 were found severe and 106 deaths were recorded Similarly outside of China 57 cases were confirmed and 16 countries were declared affected According to data Japan affected number was 6, Republic of Korea 4, Viet Nam ,Singapore Australia 5, Malaysia 4, Cambodia 1, Thailand 14, Nepal 1, Sri Lanka 1, United States of America 5, Canada 2, France 3, Germany and Pakistan World Health Organization has tried best for its controlling and the Director General did meeting with the President Xi Jiping for overcoming this problems in the emergency in china World Pathologists’ were informed for Vaccine preparation Similarly world economy has been damaged and the economy of the China was highly affected by this virus and the new year program was halted on the spot The China has struggled best and its program was highly appreciated for this virus controlling The review further shows that the people of the China are very patriotic and they made hospital in day night for treatment of the affected people by virus The review further explains that through sneezing and human contact the virus were spread to whole community of the world So for protection purpose Wuhan and Hubei provinces were sealed for further spreading this virus Masks were prepared in for protection of community On the basis of problems the following recommendations were suggested for its controlling in future Mostly Halal food should be provided to China community in future World wise Quarantines should be developed by each country for different germs protection; Good hospital and quality Doctors should be produced by each country; Give freedom to media for awareness of community to take action in time to protect the world from the epidemic disease; Safety net should be provided by WHO in the developing countries in time More funds should be provided to health department in the world Similarly research fund should be increased in Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 all hospital of the world for conducting research on the medical background Testing laboratories and food inspectors should be multiplied for protection of different diseases in the world 14 Khan 26th December 2019 studied that microbes are microorganism and with the help of microscope these are seen It consists of bacteria, archaea, viruses, fungi, protists, protozoa and algae etc Some microorganisms are beneficial while some are non beneficial for human beings These all live on the earth in different forms Seeing to its importance the present study was arranged in December, 2019 to examine the role of microbes in the development of a world Secondary data was used for this study Total 15 articles were downloaded from the web and 20 times were reviewed critically to fully know what role microbes play in world development The analysis indicates that microbes are the permanent member of this world and in different form give benefits to humanity and keep the balance of ecosystem for the survival of human being while some are very dangerous which kill human and other living organism of this world Microbiologists have discovered so many microbes, some make the yogurts but some make the cheese and beer for humanity Similarly some add nitrogen to the soil for the growth of plant while few microbes convert the soil structure and make it favorable for the growth of plant Some microbes release the methane gases in the air and create the heat in the environment which makes the problem of global warming Some microbes spread different disease in the world and make the world polluted but some clean the pollution of the world Vaccine of virus help in smallpox controlling, while some play great role in insulin manufacturing for the control of diabetes The story of microbe is very long and some bacteria help in digestion process in ruminant animal while some spread the cancer and T.B in the arena of this world Some microbes help in conversion of carbon dioxide into starch and glucose Few scientists think that to remove the microbes from this world but majority stress that without microbes this world running is impossible and they told that microbes are very important and useful organism of this world because they play great role in different sector of economic development of the world It is indicated from the mentioned discussion that without microbes this world business is impossible, so on the basis of this importance it is necessary for every government of the world to include this debate in the national policy at world level and keep a proper budget for implementation of the project for discoveries of new microbes for the beneficiary of society Government of every country should be focused on microbes what microbes are beneficial and what are non beneficial and further also link this study with the world for advancement of the country CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS The study concludes that quarantine play great role in corona virus control in the world All quarantine sectors of the world have not properly worked because of this the virus spread in majority countries of the world which have killed so many people in the world and affect the economy badly and if the time large then Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 the chances of the world economy crashing is possible while the world scientists of the world try to how control the situation The UNO and WHO are working for its solution while also releasing fund for this problem solution because without good fund this problem solution is impossible World doctors are working day and night for corona controlling while they have analyzed that corona not live in the warm season so it is possible till June the corona virus will be controlled Corona viruses have disturbed the world economy and have affected the price of the all commodities and balance of trades in the world The economy of the whole world is on the declined and every country of the world is in the loss Similarly corona has negatively disturbed the demand of all commodities and the demand of all things are on the declined which have fall the price of the oil in the world market In the past China imported huge amount oil from the Saudi Arabia now by corona attack the oil supply to China was closed and now the economy of the Saudi is also on the declined Therefore Saudi Government try how to solve the problems and how to increase the demand of the oil because Saudi economy depend on the oil and oil is the major component for uplifting the Saudi Economy It was also reviewed that World all countries economy are in the loss and nearest to crashing America all departments are closed which have created great problems of the unemployment and the economy also there on the declined Majority countries of the world colleges, Universities and school are closed while now they want to close all departments in the world Few cases in Pakistan was also appeared which have disturbed the economy of Pakistan and Prime Minister Imran have demanded fund from the world bank and IMF on free interest China economy is now in the recovery position and their quarantine is still strong and no one enter into the country neither go outside the country Doctors of China are working very proudly and they have controlled the situation and have declined the trend to only one digit of the sick person, so it is the great success of china and its efforts are highly appreciated and now they help the other countries of the world Their doctors are working in Italy and other countries of the world while the other countries are tried how to solve the problems and apply the methodology of the China In the start the quarantine of the China was very strong and through this methodology they have found success in their mission in corona controlling On the basis of problems the study recommends that to impose strong quarantine in the whole world and focus on China and when anyone come from Wuhan the corona symptoms are observed or not but social distance should be kept from those people and give a separate place to them in the country till June July 2020 Special train health services group should be kept for corona virus sick people in the country on the basis of emergency, if the sick people are present or not; Boundaries of all countries should be sealed and all department of the countries should be closed till June July 2020; Social gathering should be banned in each country of the world; Province to province boundaries should be closed and sealed in a proper way while in quarantine places armies personal should be appointed for tight security; Face Mask should be supplied to all people of the world on free price; Honest staff should be appointed for Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 duty of corona virus control; Mobile set should be provided to all world on free price for contact of one another; Fund should be provided by UNO to all affected countries of the world; Stigma and fake propaganda of corona virus should be reduced; Number of the hospital should be multiplied in all countries of the world for control of corona Virus; Net classes should be started for school, college and university student; Airport and transport facilities should be closed in the area for control of corona virus; World Doctor should be tried for vaccine invention; Islamic principle should be applied by people for corona virus control; In week one day market should be opened for purchasing of daily need commodities in all countries of the world; Information cell center should be opened in each country of the world for communication of information to concerned head quarter Always keep the body warm and escape from coldness in the country Always want help from Allah AUTHORS CONTRIBUTIONS Dr.Nausahd Khan Created the Idea and downloaded the articles from the net and reviewed many times and drew the conclusion while the other authors helps in proofreading and writing the paper and give suggestions in quarantine development REFFERENCES [1] Brian Resnick (Mar 3, 2020) What is “Social distancing,” and how can it slow the coronavirus outbreak? https://www.vox.com/2020/3/3/21161232/coronavirus-usa-quarantine-isolation-socialdistancing [2] https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-updates/summary.html [3] https://www.vox.com/2020/3/6/21163362/coronavirus-covid-19-quarantine-china-italy-iransingapore-south-korea [4] https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/09/coronavirus-latest-updates.html [5] https://www.cdc.gov/quarantine/index.html [6] https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/16/world/live-coronavirus-news-updates.html [7 ] Interim US Guidance for Risk Assessment and Public Health Management of Persons with Potential Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Exposures: Geographic Risk and Contacts of Laboratoryconfirmed CasesUpdated March 7, 2020 https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/php/riskassessment.html Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 [8] Key considerations for repatriation and quarantine of travellers in relation to the outbreak of novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV https://www.who.int/news-room/articles-detail/key-considerationsfor-repatriation-and-quarantine-of-travellers-in-relation-to-the-outbreak-of-novel-coronavirus-2019ncov [9] Khan, Naushad and Faisal, Shah “ Epidemiology of Corona Virus in the World and Its Effects on the China Economy” (March 3, 2020) Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3548292 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3548292 [10] Khan, N and S Fahad (23 Feb, 2020)’ Critical Review of the Present Situation of Corona Virus in China (February 23, 2020) Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3543177 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3543177 [11] Khan, Naushad and Naushad, Mahnoor, Effects of Corona Virus on the World Community (February 4, 2020) Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3532001 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3532001 [12] Khan, N.,(25 th December, 2019) Microbes Role in the Economic Development of a World (December 25, 2019) Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3509498 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3509498 [ 13] Page last reviewed: March 15, 2020 Content source: National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Division of Viral Diseases https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019ncov/cases-updates/summary.htm [ 14] Siobhán O Grady, Teo Armus, Jennifer Hassan, Rick Noack, Meryl Kornfield and Meryl Kornfield,EmailBioFollow,Alex Horton March 17, 2020 at 5:08 a.m PD Live updates: Coronavirus quarantines, lockdowns and closures upend life across the globe https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2020/03/17/coronavirus-latest-news/ Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556940 ... from the net and read again and again and draw the conclusion about epidemiology of the corona virus in the world and checked its effects on China economy The result indicates that the virus. .. controlled Corona viruses have disturbed the world economy and have affected the price of the all commodities and balance of trades in the world The economy of the whole world is on the declined... virus and its impact on the world economy METHODS AND MATERIAL The Universe of the study is the world Corona has disturbed the whole economy of the world and majority persons have been killed by corona