AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE REAL SITUATION AND SOME SOLUTIONS FOR IMPROVING MARKETING ACTIVITIES AT FIDITOUR TRAVEL JOINT STOCK COMPANY (2)

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH GRADUATION THESIS LE VIET VY AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTERS 5, & FROM THE BOOK "HBR'S 10 MUST READS ON MANAGING YOURSELF" BY PETER F DRUCKER ET AL., 2010 GRADUATION THESES IN ENGLISH LINGUISTICS DA NANG – December 2021 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH GRADUATION THESIS LE VIET VY AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTERS 5, & FROM THE BOOK "HBR'S 10 MUST READS ON MANAGING YOURSELF" BY PETER F DRUCKER ET AL., 2010 MAJOR : English For Translation And Interpretation SUPERVISOR : MAI LAN THI, M.A STUDENT : LE VIET VY CLASS : K21NAB8 STUDENT CODE : 2121325340 DA NANG -December 2021 Graduation Paper Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A ACKNOWLEDGEMENT To teachers in Duy Tan university! To my supervisor – Ms.Thi! During my four years at university with teachers’ guidance, family’s care and friends’ cooperating, I had reached valuable experience and knowledge I am very grateful to all of you for your help, precious experience and useful lessons, which will support me in the future, especially my career First of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to all teachers of Foreign Languages Department, who taught me a lot of valuable lessons and skills, not only in English but also in life during the last years In particular, I wish to thank so much to Ms Mai Lan Thi for her valuable and detailed guidance, comments and suggestions, as well as enthusiasm and whole-heartedness throughout this study This graduation paper could not be finished without the invaluable help, advice, and encouragement from her I also want to take this opportunity to thank my family and my friends, who give me encouragements, supports, and inspirations, especially when I got in trouble Moreover, the shortcomings in this graduation paper are unavoidable Therefore, I hope to receive sympathy from teachers and friends At last, I wish all of you good health and success Sincerely, Le Viet Vy Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP Expect where reference is made in the text of the thesis, this thesis contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in the whole or in part from a thesis by which have qualified for or been awarded another degree or diploma No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgment in the thesis This thesis has not been submitted for the award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution Danang, December 2021 Le Viet Vy Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A ABBREVIATIONS SL : Source Language TL : Target Language S : Subject O : Object V : Verb A : Adverb C : Complement Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A TABLE OF CONTENTS Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A PART A: INTRODUCTION RATIONALE 1.1 It is generally believed that translation plays a key role in the universalization of human knowledge It helps improve international understanding, socio-cultural awareness, professional communicative activities, implementation of technologies, and so much more Many well-known translators have been praised for their great contribution to mankind The translation is of undeniable significance to the development of world culture and society To produce a good suggested version, a translator not only has a deep understanding of the culture of source language but also knows how to flexibly use target language's words This requires that the translator has to master the grammar of English if he/she wants to translate English Vietnamese version, for example, and know how to use effectively translation methods The fifth, sixth, seventh chapter in the Book "HBR's 10 Must Reads on Managing Yourself" by Peter F Drucker, William Oncken Jr., Donald L Wass, Stephen R Covey, Diane L Coutu, Tony Schwartz, Catherine McCarthy, Edward M Hallowell, Stewart D Friedman, Sumantra Ghoshal, Heike Bruch, Robert E Quinn, Robert S Kaplan, Daniel Goleman, Richard Boyatzis, Annie McKee, 2010 is as an actual practice for me to improve my translation ability After reading and translating carefully this mentioned chapter, I have enhanced some special skills It is my hope that the students, especially the fourth-year students, can get some benefits from my graduation paper for translating the rest of the book's chapters or apply some useful solutions in the last chapter of this paper to translate other materials better AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 2.1 Aims Through the graduation paper, I was able to demonstrate my ability to translate a document Besides, I can help people have a better knowledge of how to manage yourself Moreover, I can practice and improve my own translation skills so that I have the opportunity to expand my real life in the field of translation Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A 2.2 Objectives After graduation paper, I can deeply understand translation theory as well as applying it into the translation process Moreover, I can expert in analyzing structure and vocabulary such as identifying kinds of structure and context of the text SCOPE OF THE STUDY 3.1 Text Features This great modern book "HBR ON MANAGING YOURSELF" is one of the fourteen volumes in the HBR's 10 Must Reads Originally published in the 2010s, as the name implies, this book series guides us on how to best manage ourselves This volume serves as an introduction to how we deal with mental illnesses and how to understand what problem are we facing? The chapter that I choose to translate is chapter “OVERLOADEDED CIRCUITS: WHY SMART PEOPLE UNDERPERFORM” This chapter focuses on discussing the types of mental illness that managers are experiencing in a company 3.2 Text length This report includes 10 chapters, but the time is limited so I have translated only some first parts in the chapter with 4016 words in length The name of chapter is “OVERLOADEDED CIRCUITS: WHY SMART PEOPLE UNDERPERFORM” 3.3 The Text Organization The chosen document is divided into 10 chapters: Chapter 1: MANAGING ONESELF Chapter 2: MANAGEMENT TIME: WHO'S GOT THE MONKEY? Chapter 3: HOW RESILIENCE WORKS Chapter 4: MANAGE YOUR ENERGY NOT YOUR TIME Chapter 5: OVERLOADEDED CIRCUITS: WHY SMART PEOPLE UNDERPERFORM Chapter 6: BE A BETTER LEADER HAVE A RICHER LIFE Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A Chapter 7: RECLAIM YOUR JOB Chapter 8: MOMENTS OF GREATNESS: ENTERING THE FUNDAMENTAL STATE OF LEADERSHIP Chapter 9: WHAT TO ASK THE PERSON IN THE MIRROR Chapter 10: PRIMAL LEADERSHIP: THE HIDDEN DRIVER OF GREAT PERFORMANCE 3.4 The Text Source My document is from the following website https://cua-hang-sach-pdf-mp3.site/Tai_ve_cuon_sach_mp3 hbr_on_managing_yourself_quan_l_ban_th_n_1254.html METHOD OF THE STUDY This graduation paper was performed with some following steps: - Constructing the translation theory, then analyzing and presenting the illustrating - examples Finding out the author and the book I will translate Beginning to translate, and studying particularly vocabularies, the names of the - organizations and terminologies Researching some reference on the Internnet or in books to have more basic to construct and analyze the graduation paper exactly and briefly ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY The paper will be divided into three parts: Part A: Introduction Part B: Development Chapter 1: Theoretical Background Chapter 2: Suggested Translation Chapter 3: Analysis Chapter 4: Difficulties and Solutions Part C: Conclusion and Suggestions CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 1.1 Definition There are so many concepts of translation, which are developed by lots of famous linguistic of translation Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper 10 Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A Translation is the replacement of textual material in one language (source language) by equivalent textual material in another language (target language) (Catford – 1965) Translation is the process of finding a target language (TL) equivalent from a source language (SL) utterance (Pinhhuck – 1977:38) Translation is the process of changing something that is written or spoken into another language (Advanced Oxford Dictionary) Translation is the act of transferring through which the content of a text is transferred from the SL into the TL (Foster - 1958:1) Translation is a craft consisting in the attempt to replace a written message and/or statements in one language by the same message and/or statement in another language (Newmark, 1981:7) Translation is to be understood as the process whereby a message expressed in a specific source language is linguistically transformed in order to be understood by readers of the “target language” (Houbert - 1998:1) Translation is an act of communication which attempts to relay, across cultural and linguistic boundaries, another act of communication (Hatim and Mason - 1997:1) To sum up, from our point of view, translation is the main tool to break the obstacle among languages which aims to make people around the world more understand each other religion, culture, etc In brief, due to its distinction, translation has been viewed differently and can be understood in many different ways These concepts support the idea that translation is a complex process which requires also theoretical knowledge as well as practical experiences 1.2 Translation Approaches Translation appeared a long time ago, so I are hard to record the history of translation clearly But according to George Steiner in After Babel (1975:346-40) [4] divides the literature on the theory, practice and history of translation into four periods which extend from Cicero to the present, albeit their overlap and loosely chronological structure 1.2.1 The First Period Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper 22 Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A 3.2 Structures The structure is a ground to form a sentence in a language When translating a document, structure plays an important role in the meaning of the sentence There are many different ways to organize words into sentences, so it makes translators confused in the translation process Besides, there are some differences between Vietnamese and English grammar Some structures rarely have any existence in Vietnamese, such as passive voice, empty subject, etc Thus, translators are required to have a thorough grasp of grammar structures in the source language with the purpose of transferring successfully the text's meaningfulness into the target language In the translating process, I also met up with many challenging structures that I must analyze carefully to well transfer the meaning into Vietnamese 3.2.1 Complex sentence In the translating process, we met many challenging structures confused However, solving a complex sentence is the most difficult A complex sentence, in grammar, is a sentence with one independent clause and at least one dendent clause A complex sentence is often used to make clear which ideas are the most important and which ideas are subordinated Thus, if we don't have a sound knowledge about grammar, and if we don't analyze the sentence carefully, we are very easy to translate wrongly A complex sentence usually contains one of dependent clause: noun clause, adjective clause, and adverb clause 3.2.1.1 Adverbial Clause An adverbial clause is a group of words that function as an adverbial in a sentence Adverbial clauses can be used to add explanatory detail to your writing and explain how or why things happen These clauses are always subordinate clause So, when translating the sentence containing relative clauses, I must highly pay in analyzing Example David drums his fingers on his desk as he scans the e-mail on his computer screen (P1) Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper 23 Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A Independent clause: David drums his fingers on his desk Adverbial clause: as he scans the e-mail on his computer screen Subordinating conjunction: as Suggested version: David gõ ngón tay bàn quét e-mail hình máy tính Example If David, Jane, Mike, and the millions like them understood themselves in neurological terms, they could actively manage their lives in stead of reacting to problems as they happen (P3) Adverbial clause 1: If David, Jane, Mike, and the millions like them understood Themselves in neurological terms Adverbial clause 2: as they happen Independent clause: they could actively manage their lives in stead of reacting problems Subordinating conjunction: if, as Suggested version: Nếu David, Jane, Mike hàng triệu người giống họ hiểu thân mặt thần kinh, họ chủ động quản lý sống thay phản ứng với vấn đề chúng xảy Example 10 Because they have the ability to field multiple inputs simultaneously, they can be strong leaders during times of change (P9) Adverbial clause: Because they have the ability to field multiple inputs simultaneously Independent clause: they can be strong leaders during times of change Subordinating conjunction: because Suggested version: Không ADD, loại rối loạn thần kinh có yếu tố di truyền trầm trọng yếu tố môi trường yếu tố thể chất, ADT hồn tồn có nguồn gốc từ môi trường Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper 24 Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A Example 11 Sometimes they fail miserably because they're disorganized and make mistakes (P10) Adverbial clause: because they're disorganized and make mistakes Independent clause: Sometimes they fail miserably Subordinating conjunction: because Suggested version: Đơi họ thất bại thảm hại họ vô tổ chức mắc nhiều sai lầm 3.2.1.2 Relative Clause A relative clause is an adjective clause that describes the noun A relative clause is not a complete thought They are used in sentences to further describe the noun A relative clause includes three main components: - Containing a subject and a verb - Begining with a relative pronoun or relative adverb These would include 'who,' 'whom,' 'whose,' 'that,' and 'which' for a pronoun and 'when,' 'where,' or 'why' for an adverb - Functioning as an adjective, answering questions about the noun, such as: 'Which one?' 'What kind?' 'How many?' Example 12 He forgets the big picture and the goals and values he stands for (P20) Independent clause: He forgets the big picture and the goals and values Relative clause: he stands for Suggested version: Anh quên tranh lớn mục tiêu giá trị mà anh chấp nhận Example 13 Unlike ADD, a neurological disorder that has a genetic component and can be aggravated by environmental and physical factors, ADT springs entirely from the environment (P5) Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper 25 Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A Independent clause: Unlike ADD, a neurological disorder springs entirely from the environment Relative clause: that has a genetic component and can be aggravated by environmental and physical factors, ADT Suggested version: Không ADD, loại rối loạn thần kinh có yếu tố di truyền trầm trọng yếu tố môi trường yếu tố thể chất, ADT hồn tồn có nguồn gốc từ môi trường Example 14 Employees who seem unable to keep up the pace are seen as deficient or weak (P22) Independent clause: Employees are seen as deficient or weak Relative clause: who seem unable to keep up the pace Suggested version: Những nhân viên người mà dường theo kịp tốc độ coi bất tài yếu 3.2.1.3 Passive Voice Verbs are written with the subject receiving the action expressed by the verb called passive voice Passive voice is a common structure in English However, in Vietnamese, people rarely use passive voice to communicate or to express an idea Therefore, when translating a passive sentence, sometimes I have to convert it into an active sentence Example 15 “Unlike ADD, a neurological disorder that has a genetic component and can be aggravated by environmental and physical factors, ADT springs entirely from the environment” (P5) Tense: Modal verb passive voice SUBJECT + CAN + BE + PAST PARTICIPLE In this sentence, I still use passive structure when translating because I want to remain the emphasis of the subject Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper 26 Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A Suggested version: Không ADD, loại rối loạn thần kinh có yếu tố di truyền trầm trọng yếu tố môi trường yếu tố thể chất, ADT hồn tồn có nguồn gốc từ mơi trường Example 16 “It is brought on by the demands on our time and attention that have exploded over the past two decades.” (P5) Tense: Present Simple SUBJECT + AM/IS/ARE+ PAST PARTICIPLE In this sentence, I kept the passive voice form when translating In my opinion, this sentence still has a reasonable and smooth meaning Suggested version: Nó thúc đẩy nhu cầu thời gian ý bùng nổ hai thập kỷ qua Example 17 When my client did so, he was told that if he couldn't handle the work, he ought to think about resigning (P22) Tense: Past Simple SUBJECT + WAS/ WERE + PAST PARTICIPLE In this sentence, I kept the passive voice form when translating In my opinion, this sentence still has a reasonable and smooth meaning Suggested version: Khi mà khách hàng làm vậy, nói khơng thể giải cơng việc, anh nên nghĩ đến việc từ chức 3.2.1.4 Phrasal Verb Phrasal verb is a phrase that consists of a verb with a preposition or adverb or both, the meaning of which is different from the meaning of its separate parts (according to Cambridge Dictionary) Here are a few phrasal verbs in the original text that confused me when translating Example 18 “The symptoms of ADT come upon a person gradually.” [P6] Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper 27 Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A In the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, “come upon” is defined: [1] to meet or find somebody/something by chance However, I cannot translate it as “tìm đến” in this context, so I decided to translate with the first meaning “đến với” to be more suitable in this context Suggested version: Những triệu chứng ADT đến với người cách chậm rãi Example 19 “The sufferer doesn't experience a single crisis but rather a series of minor emergencies while he or she tries harder and harder to keep up.” [P6] In the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, “keep up” is defined: [1] if particular weather keeps up, it continues without stopping [2] to move, make progress or increase at the same rate as somebody/something [3] to prevent somebody from going to bed I cannot translate it as “tiếp tục” in this context, so I decided to translate with the first meaning “theo kịp” to be more suitable in this context Suggested version: Người bệnh không trải qua khủng hoảng loạt trường hợp khẩn cấp nhỏ lẻ bọn họ cố gắng chăm để theo kịp Example 20 “They tend to improvise well under pressure.” [P9] In the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, “tend to” is defined: [1] to be likely to something or to happen in a particular way because this is what often or usually happens [2] to take a particular direction or often have a particular quality [3] to care for somebody/something I cannot translate it as “chăm nom” in this context, so I decided to translate with the first meaning “xu hướng” to be more suitable in this context Suggested version: Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper 28 Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A Họ có xu hướng ứng biến tốt áp lực Example 21 “At other times, they perform brilliantly, offering original ideas and strategies that lead to performance at the highest level.” [P10] In the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, “lead to” is defined: [1] to be an introduction to or the cause of something I cannot translate it as “gây ra” in this context, so I decided to translate with the first meaning “dẫn đến” to be more suitable in this context Suggested version: Vào thời điểm khác, họ thể cách xuất sắc, đưa ý tưởng ban đầu chiến lược dẫn đến hiệu suất mức cao Example 22 “He climbed quickly in the corporate world, making use of his strengths - original thinking, high energy, an ability to draw out the best in people and getting help with organization and time management.” [P11] In the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, “draw out” is defined: [1] to become lighter in the evening as summer gets nearer [2] to encourage somebody to talk or express themselves freely [3] to make something last longer than usual or necessary I cannot translate it as “lấy ra” in this context, so I decided to translate with the first meaning “tìm ra” to be more suitable in this context Suggested version: Ông nhanh chóng leo lên giới doanh nghiệp, tận dụng mạnh - tư khởi nguồn, tràn đầy nhiệt huyết, khả để tìm điều tốt người nhận trợ giúp tổ chức quản lý thời gian Example 23 “When I proposed that idea, people laughed at me, saying no one would go to the airport without a paper ticket.” [P12] Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper 29 Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A In the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, “laughed at” is defined: [1] to make the sounds and movements of your face that show you think something is funny or silly [1] to say that you are in a very good position, especially because you have done something successfully I cannot translate it as “cười vào” in this context, so I decided to translate with the first meaning “cười nhạo” to be more suitable in this context Suggested version: Khi đề xuất ý tưởng đó, người cười nhạo tơi, nói khơng đến sân bay khơng có vé giấy Example 24 “Everywhere, people rely on their cell phones, e-mail, and digital assistants in the race to gather and transmit data, plans, and ideas faster and faster.” [P13] In the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, “rely on” is defined: [1] to need or depend on somebody/something [1] to trust or have faith in somebody/something I cannot translate it as “nhờ đỡ” in this context, so I decided to translate with the first meaning “phụ thuộc” to be more suitable in this context Suggested version: Ở nơi, người phụ thuộc vào điện thoại di động, thư điện tử trợ lý kỹ thuật số đua thu thập truyền đạt liệu, kế hoạch ý tưởng ngày nhanh Example 25 “The Acceleration of just About Everything that the "close door" button in elevators is often the one with the paint worn off.” [P13] In the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, “worn off” is defined: [1] damaged or thinner than normal because it is old and has been used a lot [1] looking very tired Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper 30 Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A I cannot translate it as “trầy xước” in this context, so I decided to translate with the first meaning “phai màu” to be more suitable in this context Suggested version: The Acceleration of just About Everything đề cập nút "đóng cửa" thang máy thường nút bị phai màu sơn Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper 31 Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A CHAPTER IV: SOLUTIONS 4.1 Difficulties I have learned many things through doing this paper because it is a precious chance for me I have realized that everything is not easy for a student in the real because what I have equipped learned at school is only a small part In reality, before translating have applied myself with knowledge about manage myself and how to deal with neurological conditions such as ADT; ADD, especially social science knowledge and I used them into my translation, but have faced lots of difficulties during the translation process First of all, as you know, vocabulary is very important to build up a text Vocabulary may express the special idea of the author as well as the differences of language Thus, it is so difficult element that we must pay more attention For example, the multi-words make us confused to find the word expression due to lack of knowledge on the religious background So they require that we have to understand the context and the author’s ideas to choose the suitable meanings Secondly, I spent time to reading historical and religious documents There are many specialized vocabularies in this field However, lacking the knowledge in this field made it difficult for us when converting these terms into TL, so we had to find their meanings depend on context In addition, this is a big challenge for me to searching, and analyze the suitable meaning of words Finally, choosing the structures, idioms and methods of translation was a very essential factor in my graduation paper I had to try my best to choose to appreciate structures & idioms, then choosing suitable translation methods to translate & analyze them as exactly as possible In brief, it is uneasy to translate a text successful Structures, vocabularies, and methods of translation were some factors confusing To have exact versions, translators have a deep knowledge not only about the field that they are translating but also about structure, lexis in both two languages Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper 32 Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A 4.2 Solutions In the translation process, meeting up with difficulties is inevitable However, I have my own way to solve these problems Firstly, I read whole the original text to get the main idea of the author before translating, because I could cover the content of the text and had an overall view In this process, I also focused and marked all the difficult words, and phrases that I felt hard to translate Besides, I also highlighted the structures that made me confused or didn’t understand Then, I would read it carefully again and tried my best to translate them If I thought my versions were not exact, I would ask our friends to get some advice In addition, I also went to the library or searched on the internet to find out the documents related to this topic These documents would give me background about the religious field and it was very useful to solve some hard words such as specific terms Secondly, to the translator, dictionaries are indispensable In the translation process, I used many kinds of the dictionary, such as Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, Lingoes Essential Dictionary, etc to find out the best meanings To some concepts, places I don’t know, I searched them on the internet to determine what they are In the translation process, translators must usually face up with many challenges If they don’t have a medical knowledge about neurological diseases, they are so easy to get the mistakes and we are no exception I also had a lot of difficulties when translating this text But we tried our best to find out the way to resolve and give the best-suggested version Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper 33 Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A PART C: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS Summary of the Findings After completing this graduation paper, I gained a lot of experience in translating English despite facing many difficulties Through the translating process, I knew that we lacked vocabulary in both SL and TL Besides, the lack of Vietnamese lexis also resulted in clumsily expressing an idea into Vietnamese Thus, improving vocabulary is very important and necessary Moreover, there is a variety of new words which is in relation to medical that I cannot identify the closest meanings that the text wants to express Because from the dictionary, there are some English words which have many definitions and we need to research on internet materials on mental illness and medicine Therefore, I obtained many things and enhance my knowledge a lot Besides, this graduation paper also showed that my grammar was not good, although we have learned about them in four years at Duy Tan University However, it also helps me obtain some more knowledge about English advanced grammar and improve some translated skills After all, I gained a lot of precious experience and my translating and analyzing have been upgraded a lot during this time I hope that my effort will be recognized and appreciated by Duy Tan University, Department of Foreign Languages, our supervisor and all of the lectures teaching us for four years Suggestions After I complete our graduation paper, I would like to offer some suggestions for the Foreign Languages Department as well as Duy Tan University as follows: Firstly, I think that the teachers should give students more chances to improve translate analysis skills It is very common that the students can translate a sentence but they don't know why they translate like that It means they can't analyze the elements in the sentence Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper 34 Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A Next, I think the documents for the major is very important I hope in the future they can be more useful in real life The students can be easy to apply the knowledge from the university to improve their life Finally, I hope that the Department of Foreign Languages, as well as the executive board of Duy Tan University, should organize many extracurricular activities like English clubs, student exchange programs and teach some subjects which are similar to PBL 496 (Project-Based-Learning) help the students have more knowledge in all of the fields as well as practice it more In conclusion, I hope all my suggestions will be approved and played a helpful role so that students in the next course can have better studying standard at Duy Tan University Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A REFERENCES Books: [1] Catford J.C, (1965), A Linguistic Theory of Translation, Oxford [2] Hasan Ghazala, (1995), Translation as problems and solutions (4th ed), Beirut: Dar wa Maktabat Al-Hilal [3] Hatim, B and Munday J ,(2004), Translation: An Advanced Resource Book ( 1st ed.), New York: Routledge [4] Roger, T.Bell, (1991), Translation, Cambridge University Press Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 Graduation Paper Supervisor : Mai Lan Thi, M.A SUPERVISOR’S COMMENTS Student: Le Viet Vy Code: 2121325340 ... morphology and syntax among others which help the translator identify similarities and differences between NL and FL, and communication theory into the study of translation 1.2.4 The Fourth Period The. .. Mai Lan Thi, M.A Word -for- word Translation Word -for- word translation is often meant by an interlinear translation with the TL immediately below the SL words In the word -for- word translation, the. .. get what you pay for  Tiền 1.3.1.4 Semantic translation Semantic translation requires the high value of aesthetic in the SL text It means in the translation process, translator must refine the