... to
support the cutting teeth. Only the
cutting teeth extend beyond the hole
diameter to cut the keyway. Bushings
or horns are not required.
Burnishers: Burnishers are broach-
ing tools designed ... normal
cutting speeds of 100 FPM. These
machines, a major factor in the auto-
motive industry for many years, turn
out a great variety of cast iron parts.
They use standard carbide cutting...
... fluted cutting tool to smooth,
enlarge, or accurately size an existing
hole. Reaming is performed using the
same types of machines as drilling.
A reamer is a rotary cutting tool
with one or more cutting ... must never be turned
backward or the cutting edges will be
dulled.
* Any burrs or nicks on the cutting
edges must be removed with an oil-
stone to prevent cutting oversize hole...
... spiral-fluted bottoming tap.
(Courtesy: Morse Cutting Tools)
FIGURE 11.13: Straight and spiral-
fluted pipe taps and a T-handle tap
wrench. (Courtesy: Morse Cutting Tools)
Taps are used for threading a ... at the front end of each
land of a chaser, tap, or die by cutting
away and relieving the crest of the first
few teeth to distribute the cutting ac-
tion over several teeth.
Cres...
... metals.
Some diamond cutting tools are made
of a diamond crystal compaction (many
small crystals pressed together) bonded
to a carbide base (Fig. 1.16). These dia-
mond cutting tools should only ... Hardness and strength of
the cutting tool must be maintained at
elevated temperatures also called Hot
Hardness
Toughness: Toughness of cutting
tools is needed so that tools don’t c...
... of the
cutting tool, are dependent on the multi-
tude of cutting conditions and especial-
ly on the cutting speeds and cutting flu-
ids.
Aside from the sudden premature
breakage of the cutting ... Single Point Cutting Tools
The metal cutting tool separates chips
from the workpiece in order to cut the
part to the desired shape and size. There
is a great variety of metal cuttin...
... careful selection of
cutting geometry and speed. Positive
rake tools are often preferred on these
materials to minimize part deflection
and to reduce cutting temperatures in
the cutting zone. The ... when cutting cast iron.
Tool life may be defined as the peri-
od of time that the cutting tool performs
efficiently. Many variables such as
material to be machined, cutting tool
mat...
... deciding on the machine tool and
cutting tool, the following main cutting
conditions have to be considered:
• Cutting speed
• Depth of cut
• Feed rate
The choice of these cutting condi-
tions will affect ... that a cutting
fluid offers is not worth the extra
expense incurred, and in a growing
number of applications, cutting fluids
are simply unnecessary or downright
detrimental. M...
... relatively
unskilled person for mass producing machined parts. The cutting tools were preset, or
“set up” by a skilled machinist, and usually several cutting tools were in operation at the
same time, reducing ... cuts.
• Combined cuts can be made; tools on
the cross slide can be used at the same
time that tools on the turret are cutting.
• Rigidity in holding work and tools is...
... tipped cutting tools sim-
ilar to those used on shapers. However,
since planers make heavy cuts, their
tools are much larger. Rake relief
angles are similar to those used on lath-
es for cutting ... fin-
ishing.
Cutting angles for tools depend on
the tool used and the workpiece materi-
al. They are similar to angles used on
other single-point tools, but the end
clearance does not...