Tài liệu 32 Inverse Problems in Microphone Arrays docx

... LLCInverseProblemsinMicrophone Arrays A.C.SurendranBellLaboratoriesLucentTechnologies 32. 1Introduction:DereverberationUsingMicrophoneArrays 32. 2SimpleDelay-and-SumBeamformersABriefLookatAdaptiveArrays•ConstrainedAdaptiveBeam-formingFormulatedasanInverseProblem•MultipleBeam-forming 32. 3MatchedFiltering 32. 4DiophantineInverseFilteringUsingtheMultipleInput-Output(MINT)Model 32. 5ResultsSpeakerIdentification 32. 6SummaryReferences 32. 1 Introduction:DereverberationUsingMicrophone Arrays Anacousticenclosureusuallyreducestheintelligibilityofthespeechtransmittedthroughitbecausethetransmissionpathisnotideal.Apartfromthedirectsignalfromthesource,thesoundisalsoreflectedoffoneormoresurfaces(usuallywalls)beforereachingthereceiver.Theresultingsignalcanbeviewedastheoutputofaconvolutioninthetimedomainofthespeechsignalandtheroomimpulseresponse.Thisphenomenonaffectsthequalityofthetransmittedsoundinimportantapplicationssuchasteleconferencing,cellulartelephony,andautomaticvoiceactivatedsystems(speakerandspeechrecognizers).Roomreverberationcanbeperceptuallyseparatedintotwobroadclasses.Earlyroomechoesaremanifestedasirregularitiesor“ripples”intheamplitudespectrum.Thiseffectdominatesinsmallrooms,typicallyoffices.Long-termreverberationistypicallyexhibitedasanecho“tail”followingthedirectsound[1].IfthetransferfunctionG(z)ofthesystemisknown,itmightbepossibletoremovethedeleteriousmulti-patheffectsbyinversefilteringtheoutputusingafilterH(z)whereH(z)=1G(z). ... LLCInverseProblemsinMicrophone Arrays A.C.SurendranBellLaboratoriesLucentTechnologies 32. 1Introduction:DereverberationUsingMicrophoneArrays 32. 2SimpleDelay-and-SumBeamformersABriefLookatAdaptiveArrays•ConstrainedAdaptiveBeam-formingFormulatedasanInverseProblem•MultipleBeam-forming 32. 3MatchedFiltering 32. 4DiophantineInverseFilteringUsingtheMultipleInput-Output(MINT)Model 32. 5ResultsSpeakerIdentification 32. 6SummaryReferences 32. 1 ... the exact inverse filtering system (9.5%) was worse than the singlec1999 by CRC Press LLCInverseProblemsinMicrophone Arrays A.C.SurendranBellLaboratoriesLucentTechnologies 32. 1Introduction:DereverberationUsingMicrophoneArrays 32. 2SimpleDelay-and-SumBeamformersABriefLookatAdaptiveArrays•ConstrainedAdaptiveBeam-formingFormulatedasanInverseProblem•MultipleBeam-forming 32. 3MatchedFiltering 32. 4DiophantineInverseFilteringUsingtheMultipleInput-Output(MINT)Model 32. 5ResultsSpeakerIdentification 32. 6SummaryReferences 32. 1...

... LLCInverseProblemsinArrayProcessingKevinR.FarrellT-Netix/SpeakEZ30.1Introduction30.2BackgroundTheoryWavePropagation•SpatialSampling•SpatialFrequency30.3NarrowbandArraysLook-DirectionConstraint•PilotSignalConstraint30.4BroadbandArrays30.5InverseFormulationsforArrayProcessingNarrowbandArrays•BroadbandArrays•Row-ActionProjec-tionMethod30.6SimulationResultsNarrowbandResults•BroadbandResults30.7SummaryReferences30.1 ... S.D.,Adaptive Signal Processing,Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ,1985.c1999 by CRC Press LLCInverseProblemsinArrayProcessingKevinR.FarrellT-Netix/SpeakEZ30.1Introduction30.2BackgroundTheoryWavePropagation•SpatialSampling•SpatialFrequency30.3NarrowbandArraysLook-DirectionConstraint•PilotSignalConstraint30.4BroadbandArrays30.5InverseFormulationsforArrayProcessingNarrowbandArrays•BroadbandArrays•Row-ActionProjec-tionMethod30.6SimulationResultsNarrowbandResults•BroadbandResults30.7SummaryReferences30.1 ... The input spectrumof the narrowband scenario is shown in Fig. 30.6. The input and output spectrums for the inverse formulationand Applebaumalgorithm areshownin Figs.30.6through 30.8. Theinverse...

... Cisco Systems, Inc. Lab 8.3.2: Managing User Accounts in Windows 2000 Estimated Time: 15 Minutes Objective In this lab, the student will learn how to manage user accounts using the Windows 2000 ... created in a previous lab. Step 1: Changing User Account Properties 1. Log on to the system with the administrator account. 2. Open the computer management screen by selecting administrative ... Professional operating system. Also discussed are the features and tools that are used to manage user accounts. Procedure In this lab, the student will learn some of the Windows 2000 Professional...

... the FindRows() method of a DataView. You'll learn how to use the Find() and FindRows() methods in this section. Finding the Index of a DataRowView Using the Find() Method The Find() ... Finding DataRowView Objects in a DataView You can find the index of a DataRowView in a DataView using the Find() method of a DataView. You can also get an array of DataRowView objects using ... customersDRVs array will contain one DataRowView. Listing 13.2 shows a program that uses the Find() and FindRows() methods. Listing 13.2: FINDINGDATAROWVIEWS.CS /* FindingDataRowViews.cs illustrates...

... adaptivescheme. In the remaining sections of this chapter, we discuss the combined issues of robustness andconvergence from a deterministic standpoint. In particular, the following issues are ... structure in Fig. 20.5 that has alossless mapping T in its feedforward path and an arbitrary mapping F in its feedback path. Theinput/output signals of interest are denoted by{x, y, r, v,e}. In this ... tech-nological advancements in digital circuit and VLSI design have spurred an increase in the range ofnew adaptive filtering applications in fields ranging from biomedical engineering to wireless com-munications....

... BOTTOM, INNER1, INNER2 là các lớp chạy dây, ta tắt bớt các lớp TOP, INNER1, INNER2 bằng cách chọn thuộc tính của nó là Unused Routing như trong hình, chỉ để lại lớp BOTTOM thôi. Vẽ mạch in với ... segment tool Vẽ mạch in với Layout Biên soạn: Cao Nguyễn Khoa Nam - caonam@gmail.com Trang 26 Lưu ý khi chạy jump bạn nên tắt chế độ Online DRC đi Online DRC Vẽ mạch in với Layout Biên ... vì 0, 2.54mm là khoảng cách chuẩn giữa các chân linh kiện - Place grid = 0.635: kích thước lưới đặt linh kiện, như vậy mỗi bước di chuyển linh kiện sẽ bé hơn, bạn có thể chỉnh vị trí của nó...

... This is in line with findings by Pesonen (1998).- 27 -after the Russian stock return in the ordering. Adjusted correlation tests, shown in Table 15,indicate a significant increase in the correlation ... composite investable index for emergingmarkets in Asia to investigate whether shocks from that region affected stock markets in thetransition economies.35 In order to reduce problems stemming from ... rigorous testing of increases in correlations needs to take into account changes in thevariance of the series examined. We will go further into this issue in later sections, when weexamine particular...

... Engineering Techniques in Product Design/Process," in Quality Control in Manufacturing, Society of Automotive Engineers, SP-483, pp. 17-22.Phadke, M. S., Quality Engineering ... goals by everyone involved• Orientation of new employees• Training of supervisors in statistical thinking• Team-building• Analysis of the teaching need7. Institute modern supervision ... These include10'11 designing for effective testing, simplifying assembly and makingit foolproof, designing for robustness, minimizing the number of parts, reducing the...

... theircounterparts in Zagreb who followed Dinamo Zagreb, renamed CroatiaZagreb by President Tudjmann.10 The original BBB were the subject of somefascinating analysis by Furio Radin, Minister for Italian minorities ... Creole and Franco lineage), Chinese, and three major Indian groups –Hindu, Tamil and Muslim. In the 1991 census, the 1.2 million populationconsisted of 51 per cent Hindu (including Tamils), 17 ... academically inclined,and work less hard, putting greater emphasis on pleasure.Hindus, Muslims and Tamils continue to play for local teams but increas-ingly place greater stress on fulfilling educational...

... Vegetamin (a combined drug containing, phenobarbital, promethazine and 311chlorpromazine) and one capsule of Insumin ( urazepam) were found. From the stomach con-tents, phenobarbital, promethazine ... are presented.Incidence of fatal barbiturate poisoning cases. Since fatal cases due to Vegetamin® tablets containing phenobarbital are many, its incidence rate is also shown in this figure.⊡ ... (urine).j) Linear relationship was observed in the range of 0.1–5 µg/mL for most barbiturates.  e recovery rates from blood were 95–104 %. In this method using urine as a test specimen, interfering...