... class ofrandom variables, called circular complex random variables. Circularity is a type of symmetry in the distributions ofthe real and imaginary parts of complex random variables and stochastic ... the random variables themselves are complex: the χ2, F, and β distributionsall describe real random variables functionally dependent on complex Gaussians.Let z and q be independent scalar random ... Nostrand Company, New York, 1963.[2] Papoulis, A., Probability, Random Variables, and Stochastic Processes,3rd ed., McGraw-Hill,New York, 1991.[3] Leon-Garcia, A., Probability and Random...