Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 20 docx

... system: Lexical-Functional Grammar Strictly speaking, Lexical-Functional Grammar does not belong in this chapter, because it posits separate constituent and relational structures (c- and f-structures); ... 6,LFG makes use of a structured representation of grammatical functions, as dependency and constituency 171 shown in (2). These f-structures are mapped to the constituent structure (c...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... c-command relations seen in (24a): (24) (a) *[apne baccoN-ne] Mohan-ko maaraa. self children-erg Mohan-acc beat ‘‘*Self’s children beat Mohan.’’ (b) ?Mohan-ko [apne baccoN-ne] maaraa. Mohan-acc ... the f -structure rather than the c -structure. Blevins (1990) extends the argument-sharing analysis to other lan- guages, such as Niuean. Multidomination is also a central tenet of Phrase-Linking...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... to say that there is always a one-to-one relationship between constituent structure and semantics. Another advantage to adopting both a hierarchical constituent structure and the compositionality ... meanings correspond to diVerent constituent structures, then the meaning in (44a) corresponds to a constituent structure where the PP with an open mouth is part of the same const...

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 17:20

... that proposes constraints on X-bar theory, resulting in its eventual aban- donment. 20 Building on Pullum (1984) and (1985). 132 phrase structure grammars and x-bar Part 3 Controversies This page ... to other parts of the grammar (such as the lexicon or licensing rules), and what remains is the X-bar schema, which directly constrains constitu- ent structure without speciWc phrase str...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... of (15b) is that either binding condition C holds at D -structure before wh-movement applies or the wh-phrase ‘‘recon- structs’’ to its D -structure position after the overt component of the grammar. ... added after D -structure and movement. (16) X Bar À! D -Structure # Movement # S -Structure (adjunction happens here) So the derivation of (15d) is such that the adjunct is added after t...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... hold at either D- or S -structure. In sentences (a) and (b), Rivera is c-commanded by he at D -structure, so we have a condi- tion-C violation. The adjunct is inserted between D- and S -structure. In ... Rivera is c-commanded by he at S -structure, so again we have a condition-C violation. However, in (c), Rivera is never c-commanded by he, it is inserted after the wh-phrase moves .20 This...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... projection- based theories of phrase structure, but is particularly acute in BPS where there is no plausible top-to-bottom or purely representational 160 controversies However, such a constituent- centric ... papers in Carnie and Guilfoyle (200 0) and Carnie, Harley, and Dooley (200 5), especially McCloskey (200 5) and Massam (200 5). 8.4.5 Label-free and projection-free structures In an i...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... logical structure. This logical structure is then mapped into two diVerent constituent structures, the layered structure of the clause (LCS) and the operator structure, which are representa- tions ... frameworks, constituent structures should fol- low from the semantic and pragmatic properties of the message that is being conveyed. In this sense these approaches derive constituent...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... restrictions on multi-structures 193 do-support and condition C-eVects in anti-reconstruction environ- ments. To schematize, we might hypothesize that simple constituent structure is represented ... to be happy. A constituent- sharing approach also provides a straightforward an- alysis of non -constituent coordination (see below for citations and discussion). For example, Right-Node Rai...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... (to link between, for example, semantic representa- tions and syntactic ones) and spoke-and-wheel links between multiple planes of constituent structure (which are typically semantically or pragmatically ... semantically from its component parts. It largely ignores the actual order the words appear in. Pheno- grammatical structures by contrast reXect the actual order and mor- phological c...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15