Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 7

... standard of the product, and the use of the name by the USDA implies no approval of the product, and exclusion of others that may be suitable. ß CAB International 2005. Quantitative Aspects of ... (Van Nevel and Demeyer, 1 977 ; Russell and Martin, 1984), but most active ammonia-producing bacteria were Gram-negative (Bla- den et al., 1961) and resistant to monensin (Chen and Wolin, 1 979 ). In ... gradient of pro- tons into a chemical gradient of sodium (West and Mitchell, 1 974 ). The rumen is a sodium-rich environment ($100 mM), and ruminal organisms take advan- tage by employing sodium-dependent...

Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 1

... DC, USA. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism / edited by J. Dijkstra, J. M. Forbes, and J. France .- -2 nd ed. p. cm. Includes ... Other ruminants Non-ruminants Non-ruminants Buffalo Sheep Goat Cow Fig. 1.1. Relative contribution of various groups of ruminants and non-ruminants to the production of meat (left graph) and milk ... and relatively easy to trap, became prime targets of hunters and, eventually, were domesticated and farmed. Today, ruminants account for almost all of the milk and approxi- mately one-third of...

Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 2

... because of its role both in the processes of digestion and absorp- tion and in the expression of voluntary feed consumption. The Nature of Digesta The ruminant GI tract consists of a succession of ... sheep given chopped ( * -- -- * ) or ground ( * — * ) lucerne hay (Van Soest, 1982); and (c) digesta leaving the stomach of sheep given chopped ( * -- -- * ) or ground and pelleted ( * — * ) lucerne ... ß CAB International 2005. Quantitative Aspects of Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism, 2nd edition (eds J. Dijkstra, J.M. Forbes and J. France) 49 occupied by leaves of tissue (the laminae) so...

Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 3

... incubations â Short- or medium-term experiments â Non-steady-state conditions 2. Continuous cultures â Medium- or long-term experiments â Quasi-steady-state conditions â Types: . 2a. The semi-permeable ... cultures, and enable the study of long-term (weeks) effects of factors affecting the microbial population and the digestion of nutrients under controlled conditions of pH, turnover rate and nutrient ... analysis of the disappearance profiles (Chapter 2) and will depend on the shape of the curve (Michalet-Doreau and Ould-Bah, 1992). More frequent measurements are required in the first 24 h of incuba-...

Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 4

... process (Sutherland, 1988). Close relationships between FPR of water and FPR of non- LP were reported by Cherney et al. (1991) and de Vega and Poppi (19 97) . The existence of back-flow of LP from the ... one of the unique aspects of ruminant physiology is the circuitous route often followed by individual particles in the alimentary ß CAB International 2005. Quantitative Aspects of Ruminant Digestion ... of the leaf and stem com- ponents by removal of cuticle, crushing and separation of vascular bundles and other plant tissues, and release of plant cell contents (Ulyatt et al., 1986; Wilson and...

Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 5

... 171 ). For measurement of VFA production by radioactive isotopic tracer tech- niques, Bruce et al. (19 87) recommended the use of 1 or 2- 14 C acetate, 2- 14 C propionate and1 - 14 C butyrate. 2-3 ... Cotta, M.A. and Hespell, R.B. (1986) Protein and amino acid metabolism of rumen bacteria. In: Milligan, L.P., Grovum, W.L. and Dobson, A. (eds) Control of Diges- tion and Metabolism in Ruminants. ... Portal recovery of short-chain fatty acids infused into the temporarily-isolated and washed reticulo- rumen of sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 84, 477 –482. Lebzien, P., Rohr, K. and Oslage, H.J....

Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 6

... Quantitative Aspects of Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism, 2nd edition (eds J. Dijkstra, J.M. Forbes and J. France) 2 07 some comminution of digesta particles occurs by repeated rhythmic contrac- tions and ... examples of this type of neutra- listic interaction, the degradation of oxalate by Oxalobacter formigenes (Dawson et al., 1980) and 3-hydroxy- 4-1 (H)-pyridone degradation by unidentified Gram- negative ... stimulation technique (Rusitec) of Czerkawski and Breck- enridge (1 977 ) and the system of Merry et al. (1983), are able to maintain a higher degree of species diversity and have been shown to approximate...

Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 8 docx

... conc.D-ST grassD-ST maizeD-ST conc.D-ST grassD-ST maizeD-ST conc.D-P grassD-P maizeD-P conc.D-P grassD-P maizeD-P conc.LargeparticlesSmallparticlesS-ST/SCS-NDF S-PCellul. Micr. ... J.L. and Baldwin, R.L. (1988) Modeling of rumen water kinetics and effects of rumen pH changes. Journal of Dairy Science 71 , 1 178 –1188.Baldwin, R.L. (1995) Modeling Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism. ... P.N. and Keynes, R.D. (eds) Physiology of Digestion and Metabolism in the Rumin-ant. Oriel Press, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK, pp.319–334.Baldwin, R.L., Thornley, J.H.M. and Beever, D.E. (19 87) Metabolism...

Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 9 pptx

... Lindsay, D.B. and West, C.F. (19 67) Rates of entry and oxidation of acetate, glucose, D (-) ß-hydroxybutyrate, palmitate, oleate and stearate and rates of production and oxidation of propionate and butyrate ... Physiology215, 874 –880.Bergman, E.N., Katz, M.L. and Kaufman, C.F. (1 970 ) Quantitative aspects of hepatic and portal glucose metabolism and turnover in sheep. American Journal of Physiology 219, 78 5 79 3.Bergman, ... 2005. Quantitative Aspects of Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism, 2nd edition (eds J. Dijkstra, J.M. Forbes and J. France)291In fasted, pregnant and lactating sheep about 26%, 30% and 16%, re-spectively,...

Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 10 pptx

... D.B. and West, C.E. (1967a) Rates of entry and oxidation of acetate, glucose,D (-) -b-hydroxy-butyrate, palmitate, oleate and stearate, and rates of production and oxidation of propionate and ... emphasize the quantitative aspects of NEFA metabolism. Composition and Sources of Plasma NEFA and TAGThe metabolically most active pool of long-chain fatty acids is transported and metabolized ... receptors and a nucleotide-binding proteinwith both stimulatory (Ns) and inhibitory (Ni) GDP-binding components (Ross and Gilman, 1980; Fain and Garcia-Sainz, 1983).Activation of the Ns component of...

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