Optimal design of PEM fuel cells to generate maximum power: A CFD study

... study quantifies and analyses the impact of operating, design, and material parameters on fuel cell performance and get an optimal design for PEM fuel cells to generate maximum power. The analysis ... & Environment Foundation. All rights reserved. Optimal design of PEM fuel cells to generate maximum power: A CFD study Maher A. R. Sadiq Al-...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... critical issues to address: lack of water in the membrane can lead to an important increase of membrane resistance and thus to a decrease of the cell potential, while an excess of liquid water ... lead to the appearance of liquid water, a first approach is to look at the gas flow in the cathode channel [11]. The outlet water vapor partial pressure in the gas can be com...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... electric motor EM can reach a peak power P max : . av PP θ= max (1) The adoption of a peak factor θ greater that unit is essential to reach acceptable values of power to weight ratio. On ... limited reliability of panels in case of lateral impacts). FIG. 3 - SIMPLIFIED SCHEME OF SOLAR CAR (LATERAL AND REAR VIEW). The maximum panel area can be estimated as...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 10:20

... decades: Victoria Avetyan, Vyacheslav Kiyevskiy, Maya Yampolskaya, Valentina Mashkova, Galina Inyayeva, Elizaveta Vinogradova, Zhanna Bril, Boris Isayev, Alexander Shafir, and Oleg Karpilovskiy. My ... universal computer programs that enable one to design a distillation column (system) of any type for separation of any kind of mixture. However, the pure computational approach gives...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 11:27

... operation Maher A. R. Sadiq Al-Baghdadi Fuel Cell Research Center, International Energy & Environment Foundation, Al-Najaf, P.O.Box 39, Iraq. Abstract The need for improved lifetime of air-breathing ... several ways such as chemical degradation of the ionomer membrane or mechanical failure in the PEM that results in gradual reduction of ionic conductivity, increase in the total...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... performance. Variations in operating modes and general cell design according to application means that how dominant certain performance degradation and failure mechanisms are also change according to ... International Energy & Environment Foundation, Al-Najaf, P.O.Box 39, Iraq. Abstract Damage mechanisms in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell are accelerated by mechanical stres...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... VAWT for optimal power generation. 2. Wake, power and cost modeling of a HAWT 2.1 Jensen's wake modeling of a HAWT All the results reported to date in the literature on optimal layout of wind ... results are given in Table 4. The optimal layout is the same as that of a HAWT as shown in Figure 9. Table 4. Optimization results for VAWT wind farm Optimization Objective...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 17:03

... on average). The first Storm-related message we are aware of was received on December 29, 2006: It contained best wishes for the year 2007 and as an attachment a copy of the Storm binary. An analysis ... that computes the key. The drawback of this approach is that the attacker can easily change f and then we need to analyze the binary again, thus we are always one step Figure 1: Keys...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

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Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 20:34

... the analysis of a financial statement takes an important role in business activities of a company. Because any company also need an improvement of financial statement preparation to attract ... general look at financial statement, the general approach applied in analysis of financial statements, the nature of globalization, and the impact of globalization on the financia...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 14:20