Approach to the Hospitalized Patient: Nutrition Care Process and Nutrition Screening

... separate stages of lexical access and process repair concurrently Phonological primes and constituents Much of the phonological research work of the past twenty years has focussed on phonological ... middle and high frequency parts of the vocal range and the angular frequencies to( F) and amplitudes a(F) of formants The first four cues dp, to {h are...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 04:20

... >0.5 cm in diameter Wheal: A raised, erythematous, edematous papule or plaque, usually representing short-lived vasodilatation and vasopermeability Telangiectasia: A dilated, superficial blood vessel ... 52-3) and to formulate a differential diagnosis (Table 52-4) For instance, the finding of scaling papules (present in patients with psoriasis or atopic dermatitis) places the p...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 20:20

... epidermal atrophy) Scar: A change in the skin secondary to trauma or inflammation Sites may be erythematous, hypopigmented, or hyperpigmented depending on their age or character Sites on hair-bearing ... that elicits the desire to scratch Pruritus is often the predominant symptom of inflammatory skin diseases (e.g., atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis); it is also c...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 20:20

... lesions, the shape of individual lesions, and the arrangement of the lesions An ideal skin examination includes evaluation of the skin, hair, and nails as well as the mucous membranes of the mouth, ... the skin it is usually advisable to assess the patient before taking an extensive history This way, the entire cutaneous surface is sure to be evaluated, and object...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 20:20

... A D The distribution of some common dermatologic diseases and lesions Figure 52-7 Psoriasis This papulosquamous skin disease is characterized by small and large erythematous papules and plaques ... skin disease is characterized by small and large erythematous papules and plaques with overlying adherent silvery scale Figure 52-8 

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 20:20

... contact (Fig 52-10) or primary irritant dermatitis In contrast, lesions with a generalized arrangement are common and suggest a systemic etiology Figure 52-9 Erythema multiforme This ... This eruption is characterized by multiple erythematous plaques with a target or iris morphology It usually represents a hypersensitivity reaction to drugs (e.g., sulfonylamides) or infections ....

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 20:20

... melanoma, atopy, psoriasis, or acne) 10 Social, sexual, or travel history as relevant to the patient DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES Many skin diseases can be diagnosed on gross clinical appearance, but ... superficial anatomic structures in selected areas of the body In this procedure, a small area of skin is anesthetized with 1% lidocaine with or without epinephrine The skin les...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 20:20

... noting the amount of blanching that occurs Granulomas often have an opaque to transparent, brown-pink "apple jelly" appearance on diascopy Figure 52-11 Urticaria Discrete and confluent, edematous, ... edematous, erythematous papules and plaques are characteristic of this whealing eruption Wood's Light A Wood's lamp generates 360-nm ultraviolet (or "black") light that can be used to ai...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 20:20

... same as the prognosis of the person with aortic stenosis who develops the first symptoms of congestive heart failure (median survival, ~8 months) However, the patient with heart disease ... malfunction one step further Not only is there a failure of the cancer cell to maintain its specialized function, but it also strikes out on its own; the cancer cell competes to s...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... The past medical history may alert the physician to the presence of underlying diseases that may affect the choice of therapy or the side effects of treatment The social history may reveal occupational ... predisposition and point out the need to begin surveillance or other preventive therapy for unaffected siblings of the patient The review of systems may suggest earl...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... Union Against Cancer and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) The TNM classification is an anatomically based system that categorizes the tumor on the basis of the size of the primary ... cancer are likely to fare worse, stage for stage, than fully active patients Physiologic reserve is a determinant of how a patient is likely to cope with the physiologic...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... 81) Tools are now available to minimize the acute toxicity of cancer treatment New symptoms developing in the course of cancer treatment should always be assumed to be reversible until proven otherwise ... physician also has much to offer the patient for whom curative therapy is no longer an option Often a combination of guilt and frustration over the inability to cure...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... Tumor Markers Cancer NonNeoplastic Conditions Hormones Human chorionic gonadotropin Gestational trophoblastic Pregnancy disease, gonadal germ cell tumor Calcitonin Medullary cancer of the thyroid ... Pheochromocytoma Oncofetal Antigens Alphafetoprotein Hepatocellular carcinoma, gonadal germ Cirrhosis, cell tumor Carcinoembryonic antigen Adenocarcinomas hepatitis Pancreatitis, of the c...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... most patients who are cured of cancer return to normal lives Supportive Care In many ways, the success of cancer therapy depends on the success of the supportive care Failure to control the symptoms ... found to be untrue Studies of breast cancer, melanoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, and lymphoma have all failed to support the notion that asymptomatic relapses are mor...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20