Ebook TCPIP essentials A LabBased approach Part 2

... dynamic typing 191 dangling else 180 dangling pointer 215 data flow design 111 data flow diagram 112 data hiding 74 data structure design 121 data structure diagram 122 data structures 213 data ... 4:34 PM Page 419 Index abstraction 99, 107 acceptance test 251, 332 activity diagrams 414 Ada 177, 189, 215, 233, 254, 393 adaptive maintenance 11 adversary team 275 agile manifesto 330 agile metho...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... 405 407 411 412 417 419 BELL _A0 1. QXD 2/2/05 3:20 PM Page vii Detailed contents Preface xix Part A G Software – problems and prospects 1. 1 1. 2 1. 3 1. 4 1. 5 1. 6 1. 7 1. 8 1. 9 1. 10 1. 11 Preliminaries ... sustainable forests BELL _A0 1. QXD 2/2/05 3:20 PM Page v Contents Preface xix Part A G Part B G 10 11 12 13 Part C G 14 15 16 17 18 Preliminarie...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... Garbage collection Summary Exercises Answers to self-test questions Further reading Programming in the large 22 1 16.1 16 .2 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.6 16.7 16.8 16.9 22 1 22 3 22 4 22 6 22 6 22 7 22 9 23 0 23 2 ... programming 20 0 20 0 20 6 20 7 20 9 21 2 21 2 21 3 21 5 21 7 21 7 21 8 22 0 Introduction Encapsulation Library classes Inheritance Polymorphism Single versus...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... hardware and software can be a lively battleground for controversy In the early days of computers, hardware was costly and software relatively cheap Nowadays, thanks to mass production and miniaturization, ... tailor-made for a particular application (e.g software for the Apollo moon shots) The latter is sometimes called bespoke software All these types of software – excep...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... often as software Although this is grounds for friendly rivalry between software and hardware designers, it can be no grounds for complacency among software people There are particular applications ... reliability of software compare with the reliability of hardware? Studies show that where both the hardware and software are at comparable levels of development, hardware fails th...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... Examples of safety critical systems: an ABS braking system on a car, a fire alarm system, a patient record system in a health center Examples of systems that are not safety critical are a payroll system, ... usual, particularly on large projects, for many activities to take place in parallel In particular, this happens once the large-scale (or architectural) design is complete It...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... will examine carrying out a feasibility study of the software for an ATM, outlined in Appendix A An ATM is part hardware, part software, so we could either carry out a feasibility study for the ... systems are, arguably, socially useful and, perhaps, outside the scope of a costingbased approach How can we meaningfully assess the value of a system that allows a patient...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... natural language, used as clearly and carefully as possible In this chapter we will concentrate on this approach I formal, using mathematical notation, with rigor and conciseness This approach ... unambiguous I concise I minimal I understandable I achievable I testable A number of notations and approaches are available to carry out requirement specification The notations range from info...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... commands and/or a command line interface For example, a number of applications provide a macro facility, in which a series of commands can be grouped together, parameterized and invoked as a single ... Thus a direct manipulation interface may be the most suitable approach But an experienced and frequent user may be frustrated by an interface designed for novices and may pref...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... interface We assume that a decision has been taken to provide a screen that displays characters, a keyboard (with numeric keys, a cancel key and an enter key), a card reader, a printer and a cash ... that can be used to assess the quality of a completed design For example, if recoverability is important for a particular application, an assessment of this quality can be m...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... of a particular program or component and is normally stored on a backing store medium, such as disk.) A manager component is an abstract data type, maintaining data and the operations that can ... data can, of course, be shared by passing it around the program as parameters Here is the argument against global data Suppose that three components named A, B and C access some global data a...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... the Java library, the classes java.io.PipedInputStream and java.io.PipedOutputStream allow a producer object (data source) to send a serial stream of data to a consumer object (data sink) Ada allows ... library available to you – say the Java or C# library Assess what forms of coupling are demonstrated by the methods 6.4 Examine any software or software design that you have availabl...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... structures Rather than take part in a parochial debate about the merits of a particular control structure, let us take a constructive approach If we had a free choice and a blank piece of paper, what ... that such an error is detected many levels down in a chain of method calls One way of handling the error is to create an additional parameter associated with each method call...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... an abstract (or virtual) machine, like a very high-level programming language This is the idea of “levels of abstraction” In order to design and understand a solution at any one level of detail, ... that grows downwards uniformly This is the breadth-first approach to design; it matches the strict, abstract machine view of software design described above An alternative approach is...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... a warning and an alarm sounds The limits have default values, but can also be changed by the operator If a sensor fails, the screen flashes a warning and the alarm sounds The data flow diagram ... transformation before that, and so on, until we have a complete diagram 113 BELL_C09.QXD 1/30/05 4:21 PM Page 114 114 Chapter I Data flow design data read data raw data convert conversion...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20