A companion to the history of economic thought

... Professor of Economic History at Uppsala University, Sweden He specializes in the history of economic thought and general economic history Maria Cristina Marcuzzo is Professor of the History of ... microeconomic theory and the history of economic thought Malcolm Rutherford is Professor of Economics at the University of Victoria, Canada He specialize...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... decades have seen a significant increase the use of archival material by historians of economics, as well as greater efforts by the research community to assemble and to make such material more accessible ... in the literature of the history and philosophy of science, have since become standard features of the literature on the history of economic thought...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... Platonic absolutism was shaken to the core It was partially salvaged by Eudoxus’ importation from Chaldea of a dialectical approach to irrationals that became a mathematical image for judicial, ... incorporated the Pythagorean mathematical tradition into a near-mystical formulation of ideal models This view of a rational perfectible administration is elaborated below in...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... the use of Arab or Arab-Islamic inappropriate Writing in Arabic, the language of theology, the Prophet and the Caliphs until the Ottoman days, and the medieval international language of Muslims ... Sajadi Teheran, Iran: Zuhuri Ghazali, Abu Hamed undated: Ihya-al-Ulum al-Din (Revival of the Religious Sciences), vols Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al Nadwaa —— 1927: Kitab Tahafut al...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... with the importance of trade and payment balances, defined either as a positive balance of trade theory or as a positive balance of labor theory However, what they mainly shared was a preoccupation ... propounding the active role of the state in economic modernization and growth Although the balance of trade theory was perhaps an analytic blind shot, it was rational i...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... to be a general overview of the subject, while also claiming to have examined in detail the formation and the working of capital and the interest rate As a matter of fact, while the physiocrats ... metaphysical tool, free of any sensationalistic basis, and useless in political economy Empirical accuracy and rhetorical advantage were important aims, but Quesnay added...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... Unfortunately, it was fatally easy to confuse the balance of trade with the gains from trade, and to treat it as an aim in itself The simplest way to fall into this trap would be to confuse wealth with ... Trade had always been taxed and regulated, and there was no established notion of free trade to act as a benchmark What was new in the seventeenth century was not t...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... exchange facilitated by the use of money (LJ(B), pp 235–43) Three main features of the central analysis are the treatment of the division of labor, the analysis of price and allocation, and the ... ii.v.10) At the same time, part of the capital of the master manufacturer is “employed as a fixed capital in the instruments of his trade, and replaces, togethe...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... of direct taxes on houses, land, and increments of rental value The classical economists approached the analysis of taxation in two different ways The first was taxation of factor rewards – wages, ... threads fit together, it is best to look at the classical treatment of particular aspects of economic analysis 8. 3 VALUE AND DISTRIBUTION 8. 3.1 Value Smith designed his...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... of labor demand As what would later be known as the marginal product of the composite labor and capital input falls, this drives the returns to the variable factors, labor and capital, down The ... also repeatedly attacked race-neutral accounts of human nature: “Mr Mill, who will not admit that the Australian, the Andaman islander, and the Hottentot labour under any 13...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... break from classical political economy, he maintains remnants of a Ricardian labor-time theory of value (Backhaus, 1969) I think that the “labor-time theory of value” interpretation cannot be maintained ... reference to the latter (critically or complimentarily) This is an interesting aspect of Marx’s status within the history of thought It is also a fascinating aspe...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... suffice 11. 4 FROM PHYSICAL REAL COSTS TO QUANTITIES OF LABOR The move away from physical real costs and toward labor was first due to the fact that the relatively backward analytic tools at the disposal ... coherent theory of value and distribution be elaborated that is faithful to what the classical economists appear to have been after, but were unable to express in...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... abandoned the labor theory of value and the notions of surplus value and exploitation He became skeptical of the Marxian doctrines of growing social polarization, the increasing severity of economic ... unemployment, and poverty in the midst of potential plenty But they had an additional complaint, against capitalism now and against state socialism as a vision of...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... can be seen as (1) antiutopian, (2) utopian in its anti-utopianism, and (c) the expression of a particular utopia (The foregoing may seem to equate economics, science, fiction, and utopia/ dystopia, ... reification and idealization was of a changing reality With the coming of the Renaissance and the Enlightenment – the actual history is more complicated than this – rati...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... sight, the book appears to be related to a number of nearcontemporary works of agrarian history; Gonner traces the gradual appropriation of common land for individual use, but in charting the impact ... taught as part of history and of “Greats” until the foundation of “Modern Greats,” the PPE course in 1920 In Cambridge it was part of history and the moral...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20