... depletion and chromatin decondensation, which enable Pol II to move forward and transcribe a DNA template The most common chromatin modifications include histone acetylation by HAT and methylation by ... biology: HIV Tat and the control of transcriptional elongation PLoS Biol 2005, 3:e76 Aida M, Chen Y, Nakajima K, Yamaguchi Y, Wada T, Handa H: Transcriptional pausing caused by NELF plays a dual ... promoter-proximal stalling and subsequent escape to transcriptional elongation At many genes, RNA polymerase II (Pol II) stalls after the initiation of transcription, producing a short transcript typically...