Economic theorem Externalities

... responses • Coase theorem • Mergers • Social conventions 17 Coase Theorem • Insight: root of the inefficiencies from externalities is the absence of property rights • The Coase Theorem states that ... instead of R* 50 Recap of externalities • Externalities definition • Negative externalities – graphical & numerical examples • Private responses • Public responses • Positive exte...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2016, 11:43

... 150 Fan-Browder fixed point theorem and economic equilibria we show that a number of Urai’s results [12] (e.g., Theorem for the case (K∗ ), Theorem for the case (NK∗ ), Theorem for the case ... equivalent to Theorem 2.1 Proof of Theorem 2.1 using Theorem 2.2 Suppose that there exists M ∈ D such that z∈M F(z) = ∅ under the hypothesis of Theorem 2.1 Let M :=...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 21/09/2012, 17:27

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2012, 10:02

... climate change and its attributed environmental and socio -economic consequences over past decades, particularly over the last several years, has led to a growing body of literature and increasing ... publisher 17 1-1 86 WILLIAM M COLLIER, KASEY R JACOBS, ALARK SAXENA, JULIANNE BAKER-GALLEGOS, MATTHEW CARROLL and GARY W YOHE ISSN: 174 7-7 891 (print), 187 8-0 059 (online)...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:56

... transformation; and (3) and understanding ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS of change and uncertainty as inherent in social-ecological systems This statement strongly reflects the convergent aspects of CCA and DRR ... towards increasing socio-ecological resilience and reducing disaster risk Strengthening socio-ecological resilience 175 Linking disaster risk reduction and climate chan...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:56

... Events and Disasters IISD Reporting Services http:// climate- l.org/2009/04/29/ipcc-to-prepare-specialreport-on-extreme-events -and- disasters/ IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) , 2001 Climate ... construction Science and Public Policy, 30(4) 235 Helmer, M and Hilhorst, D J M., 2006 Natural disasters and climate change Disasters, 30(1) – Hogarth, R M and Kun...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:56

... increasing activity in the basin the increase has occurred in the easternmost part of the basin, far from land The activity in areas where landfall takes place shows very similar trends to the landfall ... landfalls and damage Hurricanes in Named storms in Landfalling basin hurricanes Damage 0.87 0.46 0.27 * 0.52 0.42 * 0.58 0.45 * * 0.71 basin Hurricanes in basin Intense hurricanes in basi...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... $ 11.5 billion in third-quarter catastrophe claims, says ISO’s Property Claim Services Unit www.iso.com/PressReleases/2008/Insurers-to-Pay-$ 11. 5- Billion-in-ThirdQuarter-Catastrophe-Claims-Says-ISOs-Property-ClaimService.html ... an increased concern among scientists about the speed and severity of climate change The faster-than-expected pace of observed climate change, a better u...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... natural disaster risk management Future natural disaster risk under climate and socio -economic change 2.1 Impact of socio -economic developments on natural catastrophe damage Human-induced developments ... 2.2 Climate change and the frequency and severity of natural disasters In addition to socio -economic developments, climate change may increase the intensity and s...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... protection measures, such as dikes or building codes Over time, catastrophe models need to be updated due to socio -economic developments and climate change In case climate change increases the frequency ... combination of climate and socio -economic change that will influence future natural disaster ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS 218 Botzen and van den Bergh losses results in i...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... S., Kemfert, C and Hoppe, P., 2009 The impact of socio-economics and climate change on tropical cyclone losses in the USA Regional Environmental Change doi1 0-1 007/ s1011 3-0 0 8-0 08 2-4 Slovic, P., ... world’s first climate change crisis As a drought-prone country with massive fossil fuel resources, and with important economic sectors such as agriculture and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... upon broad policy areas involving water management and climate change, policy areas that are highly politicized in the Australian context, and as such involve many twists and turns in which the ... amount of water that can be taken from the Basin on a sustainable basis; to identify risks to Basin water resources such as climate change as well as strategies to manage these...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... was when the scientists urged the political actors to stop arguing over the link between the drought and climate change for fear that the climate change issue risked taking over the debate and ... the growing areas and to the Australian economy as a whole’, www.mdbc.gov.au/subs/eResource_ book/chapter3/p4.htm) The connection between water management and climate change wa...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... good predictor of long-run rates of economic growth, capital accumulation and productivity improvements It has been shown elsewhere (Arestis and Demetriades, 1997) that although King and Levine ... Demetriades, O.P and Fattouh, B (2003), “Financial Policies and the Aggregate Productivity of the Capital Stock”, Eastern Economic Journal, 29(2), pp 217-242 Arestis, P., P Demet...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2012, 08:50