Dairy chemistry and biochemistry

... Questions and Problems Chapter 11 Toxic Inorganic Compounds 11 .1 Introduction 11 .1. 1 Chapter Organization 11 .2 Toxic Inorganic Carbon Compounds 11 .2 .1 Cyanide 11 .2 .1. 1 Biochemical Action of Cyanide 11 .2.2 ... 10 28 27 26 Ni Co Fe 55.85 58.93 58.69 46 44 45 Pd Ru Rh 10 1 .1 102.9 10 6.4 78 76 77 Pt Os Ir 19 0.2 19 2.2 19 5 .1 108 10 9 Ha Mt (265) (266) IVA 14...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 15:20

... Medical Biochemistry, Mosby, St Louis, 1998 Switzer, R.L and Garrity, L.F., Experimental Biochemistry, W.H Freeman and Co., New York, 1999 Voet, D., Voet, J.G., and Pratt, C., Fundamentals of Biochemistry, ... H2 N H O C C OH C H C CH3 H Tyrosine OH H H2 N O H H C C N H CH3 H H O C C N C C OH C H H C H O H3 C C CH3 H OH Figure 3. 3 Table 3. 1 Condensation of alanine, leucine, and...

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... follows: Acetyl-CoA + 3NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2H2O → 3NADH + FADH2 + 2CO2 + 2H+ + GTP + HS-CoA 4. 4 .4 (4. 4.7) Electron Transfer in the Electron Transfer Chain As indicated by Reaction 4. 3.1, the ... animal’s body and to provide energy-producing glucose on demand For the production of energy, the glucose 1-phosphate enters the catabolic process through glycolysis, discussed in Section...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 15:20

... substances and their metabolites react biochemically in an organism to exert a toxic effect Chapter is devoted to defining and explaining toxicological chemistry, and Chapters 10–19 cover the toxicological ... ecotoxicology 6. 1.5 Toxicological Chemistry Toxicological chemistry relates chemistry to toxicology It deals with the chemical nature of toxic substances, how th...

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... benzo(a)pyrene HO 7, 8-diol-9,10-epoxide Figure 7. 3 Benzo(a)pyrene 7, 8-diol Epoxidation and hydroxylation of benzo(a)pyrene (left) to form carcinogenic benzo(a)pyrene 7, 8diol-9,10-epoxide by which compounds ... H H Aldehyde (7. 3.6) L1618Ch07Frame Page 146 Tuesday, August 13, 2002 5:50 PM O N C CH3 H C H N-oxidation cytochrome P-450 H O N C CH3 OH 2-Acetylaminofluorene C H H N-hydrox...

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... (+)-benzo(a)pyrene- OH 7 , 8- diol-9,10-epoxide- 2- N-2 guanine adduct HO O H CH3 N N N N H2N Methyl group on N7 Bond to DNA Alkylated guanine Figure 8. 3 Formation of the bulky guanine adduct of (+)-benzo(a)pyrene-7 , 8- diol-9,10-epoxide-2 ... LLC L1618Ch08Frame Page 172 Tuesday, August 13, 2002 5:49 PM O H O + H2N OH N N N N Bond to DNA Guanine bound with DNA HO (+)-benzo(a)pyrene7 , 8...

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... H H H Succinyl-CoA O H H O H + O C C C C C NH3 + α β γ δ H H H - δ-aminolevulinic acid synthetase Glycine CoA–SH + CO2 δ-aminolevulinic acid Figure 10. 3 Path of synthesis of delta-aminolevulinic ... organomercury compounds are known These compounds and their toxicities are discussed further in Chapter 12 10. 4 .10. 1 Absorption and Transport of Elemental and Inorganic Mercury M...

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... is represented as follows: Fe(III)-oxid + Reducing agent → Fe(II)-oxid + Oxidized reducing agent ADP Fe(II)-oxid + 2H+ + ½O2 (11. 2.2) ATP Fe(III)-oxid + H2O (11. 2.3) Cyanide bonds to the iron(III) ... HBr and 5.7 g/l for HI at 0°C and atmospheric pressure These compounds are used much less than HCl Both are irritants to the skin and eyes and to the oral and respiratory mucous memb...

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... which is active against breast cancer and leukemic cells, is 2methylthio- 4-( 2'-phenylarsenic acid)-aminopyrimidine: O HO As OH N H N H S C H 2-Methylthio- 4-( 2'-phenylarsenic acid)aminopyrimidine ... β-D-Ribofuranoside, O H3C As C O C C C OH 2,3-dihydroxypropyl 5-deoxy- 5-( dimethylarsinyl) CH3 H H H (an arsenosugar) OH HO OH Figure 12. 8 Examples of organoarsenic compounds found...

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... mercapturic acid conjugate L-Cysteine, N-acetyl-S[ 1-( hydroxymethyl )-2 -propenyl] mercapturic acid conjugate H O C C OH N H C CH3 O L-Cysteine, N-acetyl-S(2-hydroxy-3-butenyl) mercapturic acid conjugate ... to the carcinogenic 7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide: O + {O} H HO H HO OH 7,8-Diol H H OH 7,8-Diol-9,10 -epoxide, carcinogenic (+)anti-isomer Several isomers of the 7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide are f...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 15:20

... their uses and their toxic effects.8 As shown for ethylene oxide (1,2-epoxyethane) in reactions 14. 2.5 and 14. 2.6 and propylene oxide (1,2-epoxypro- Copyright © 2003 by CRC Press LLC L1618Ch14Frame ... 1,2-Epoxybutane (oxirane, ethyl) O C C H H C H H 1,2,3,4-Diepoxybutane (2,2'-bioxirane) O O Benzene-1,2-oxide Figure 14. 4 Naphthalene-1,2-oxide Some common epoxide compounds pane) i...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 15:20

... tobacco and snuff) contains a variety of nitrosamines, including N-nitrosatabine, 4-( methylnitrosamino )-1 -( 3-pyridyl )-1 -butanone, N-nitrosanabasine, N-nitrosopyrrolidine, N-nitronornicotine, N-nitrosopiperidine, ... important derivatives of pyridine are the mono-, di-, and trimethyl derivatives; the 2-vinyl and 4-vinyl derivatives; 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine (MEP); and pipe...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 15:20

... ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) The two most common HCFCs are 1,1dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123) and 1,1-dichloro- 1- uoroethane (HCFC-141b): Copyright © 2003 by CRC Press LLC L1618Ch16Frame ... and 1000 ppm HCFC-141b showed that the major metabolite excreted in urine was 2,2-dichloro- 2- uoroethyl glucuronide, hydrolyzed by the action of β-glucuronidase enzyme to g...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 15:20