Statistics in geophysics descriptive statistics II

... −1 ≤ rSP ≤ Interpretation: rSP > 0: Y tends to increase when X increases rSP < 0: Y tends to decrease when X increases rSP = 0: No tendency for Y to either increase or decrease when X increases ... modified version The following quantities (called fences) can be used for identifying extreme values in the tails of the distribution: lower inner fence: x0.25 − 1.5 × IQR; upper inner fence: x0....

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2015, 17:07

... statistical ideas is in making sense of a set of data The goal is to extract insights about the processes underlying the generation of the numbers Descriptive statistics is the discipline of quantitatively ... finite or countable set of different values continuous: uncountable set of different values quasi-continuous: data are continuous but measured in a discrete way Winter Term 2013...

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2015, 17:07

... nonlinear relationships between continuous covariates and the response within the scope of linear models Two simple methods for dealing with nonlinearity: Variable transformation; Polynomial regression ... 13.8 25 W Turkey weights in pounds, ages in weeks, and origin (Georgia (G); Virgina (V); Wisconsin (W)), of 13 Thanksgiving turkeys Winter Term 2013/14 6/28 Multiple linear regre...

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2015, 17:09

... heads obtained in the three tosses ω X (ω) HHH HHT HTH THH TTH THT HTT TTT Table: Enumeration of the value of X for each point in the sample space x P(X = x) 1/8 3/8 3/8 1/8 Table: Induced probability ... distribution describes the number of events occurring in a certain time interval and so pertains to data on counts A random variable X is defined to have a Poisson distribution, deno...

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2015, 17:15

... distribution-free) tests Winter Term 2013/14 2/27 Introduction to hypothesis testing Some commonly encountered parametric tests Sampling distribution The sampling distribution for a statistic (including the test ... it justify questioning, the claim? This problem fits neatly into the parametric setting of the binomial distribution Winter Term 2013/14 11/27 Introduction to hypothesis testing S...

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2015, 17:08

... Generalized linear models Binary regression Count data regression Components of the classical linear model Generalized linear models (GLMs) are an extension of classical linear models ... substituted into the respective model and the total number of parameters should be increased to p + Winter Term 2013/14 13/25 Generalized linear models Binary regression Count data reg...

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2015, 17:08

... Paired samples Two independent samples Background Tests not requiring assumptions involving specific parametric distributions for the data or for the sampling distribution of the test statistics are ... X1 , , Xn , Y1 , , Ym in ascending order Define Vi = if the i-th order statistic belongs to the X sample if the i-th order statistic belongs to the Y sample Winter Term 2013/14 9/10 Nonpar...

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2015, 17:08

... defined by summing the arguments and then dividing by n Winter Term 2013/14 3/26 Estimation by Maximum Likelihood Properties of Estimators Confidence Intervals Background In 1921, R A Fisher pointed ... parameters Winter Term 2013/14 12/26 Estimation by Maximum Likelihood Properties of Estimators Confidence Intervals Evaluating estimators We have outlined reasonable techniques for finding o...

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2015, 17:09

... 1000 1500 Days since January 1st, 2002 Winter Term 2013/14 7/32 2000 Introduction Probability Theory Course outline Probability Theory Descriptive Statistics Inferential Statistics Linear Regression ... 27/32 Introduction Probability Theory Set theory The meaning of probability Some properties of the probability function Multiplicative law of probability and inde...

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2015, 17:09

... mid-parental height against child’s height, and regression line (dark red line) Winter Term 2013/14 3/24 Setting the scene Fitting a straight line by least squares The analysis of variance Interval estimation ... (multiple) linear regression one (two or more) predictor variable(s) is (are) assumed to affect the values of a response variable in a linear fashion For the model of simpl...

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2015, 17:09

... eigenvectors of ω1 , , ωr Winter Term 2013/14 8/24 Preliminaries Methodology Software Applications The aim of principal component analysis I Principal component analysis (PCA) provides a computationally ... loadings by optimizing a certain “simplicity” criterion The method of rotation emerged in Factor Analysis and was motivated both by solving the rotational indeterminacy pro...

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2015, 17:09

... imagine the old knight, only half aware of the sunshine of the evening, the noise of the streets, the looks of the crowd, the great minster rising half-finished in the midst of the town by the ... and daughters -in- law, forming a hierarchy attending to the business of factory or counting-house under the orders of the father of the family, an...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 21:20

... large earthquakes in the near future This information is extremely important for seismic and tsunami hazard planning, such as developing building codes in Alaska and managing land in coastal areas ... Jackknifing is a resampling technique designed to avoid the problems inherent in determining the errors from the least squares method In jackknifing, a fixed number j of random data po...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 23:20

... not be used in the classes defining -AL For the corpus described in the next section, this means that words ending with -PTICAL RESNIKOFF AND DOLBY WRITTEN ENGLISH, PART II 25 26 RESNIKOFF AND DOLBY ... strings Table WRITTEN ENGLISH, PART II lists the forty-four distinct letter strings for which there are admissible suffix classes with vowel-string-decomposition points Of thes...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 18:20