... comparable study of visually-induced motion sickness We were especially interested in replicating and extending research by Drummond and Granston that showed that visually-induced motion sickness in ... herein extends this line of research by combining a visual motion sickness- inducing stimulus with pain and pre-treatment with rizatriptan In this study, r...
Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 09:57
... due to the water diffusion from the cathode toward the anode All these results are of great interest to the improvement of water management in PEMFC They lead to a better understanding of how to ... the B.Sc and M.Sc degrees in mathematics from the University of Lome, Lome, Togo, in 1998 and 1999, respectively, and the M.Sc and Ph.D degrees in ind...
Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58
Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P4
... theories of friction and wear can be developed if the size and the spatial distributions of the contact spots are known The size of contact spots ranges from nanometers to micrometers, making tribology ... distribution of islands on Earth’s surface follows the power law N(a) ≈ a–D/2, where N is the total number of islands with area larger than a and D is the fractal dimensio...
Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 09:15
High resolution x ray diffraction study of phase and domain structures and thermally induced phase transformations in PZN (4 5 9)%PT 1
... PZN -x% PT: single crystal (S) or powder (P) P: 5
Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40
High resolution x ray diffraction study of phase and domain structures and thermally induced phase transformations in PZN (4 5 9)%PT 2
... surface X- ray 44.65o ~43.0-44.0o 42 43 44 45 46 47 2 [010]W [100] L PZN- 4 .5% PT b) b) Fractured surface Intensity (arb units) X- ray X- ray 44. 62 42 43 44 45 o 46 47 2 Figure 5. 1 (0 02) XRD profiles of ... 44.94 ~43 .5- 44.8 42 43 o o 44 45 2 Figure 5. 4 Intensity (arb units) e) PZN- 9%PT Intensity (arb units) 45 2 2 46 47 42 44 .50 o 44.94o 44 .28 o 43 44 45...
Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40
High resolution x ray diffraction study of phase and domain structures and thermally induced phase transformations in PZN (4 5 9)%PT 3
... consisted of highly distorted R phase owing to the soft elastic constants of R The distorted R phases are microscopic in size, of a wide range of lattice parameters and are stressed in intense ... to the poling treatment 5. 4 (a) Summary of main observations The cause for the occurrence of the extremely broad lower 2θ peak adjacent to the main (002)R peak in standard XR...
Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40
High resolution x ray diffraction study of phase and domain structures and thermally induced phase transformations in PZN (4 5 9)%PT 4
... annealing at 600 °C for h and the position shifted further to 2θ ≈ 44 . 05 (Figure 5. 9) 69 as-polished 300oC (1h) ~44 .68 o R Intensity (arb units) 40 0oC (1h) 600oC (5h) ~44 . 05 ~43 .50 41 42 43 ... annealing treatments The heating and cooling rates used were 1 .5 ºC/min Figure 5. 9 shows the (002) XRD profiles of the differently annealed PZN- 4 .5% PT samples and the (...
Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40
High resolution x ray diffraction study of phase and domain structures and thermally induced phase transformations in PZN (4 5 9)%PT 5
... RSM To explain how domain size may affect the (002) diffraction profiles, we begin with diffractions arising from untilted T microdomains By microscale domains, we mean here coarse domains of which ... micro/nanodomains T5 T6 T ω = 0° Figure 6.2 (002) diffraction intensity weighted distributions arising from (a) T microdomains, (b) interference effect of T nanodomains and (c) comb...
Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40
High resolution x ray diffraction study of phase and domain structures and thermally induced phase transformations in PZN (4 5 9)%PT 6
... projection of the coexistence of R micro- and nanotwins onto (002) RSM 112 coexistence of R micro- and nanotwin domains on (002) RSM 7.3 Evidence of rhombohedral micro/nanotwins in PZN- 4 .5% PT at ... domains, a result of the large diffraction width associated with the fine domain structure and the extreme compliant nature of the R phase The diffraction pattern i...
Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40
High resolution x ray diffraction study of phase and domain structures and thermally induced phase transformations in PZN (4 5 9)%PT 7
... and (b) PZN- 7% PT, and (c) and (d) PZN- 8%PT single crystals 1 27 sample of PZN- 7% PT and PZN- 8%PT, respectively, but of the same wafers as in Figures 8.1(a) and (c) These peaks lie in two different ... Ruling out both MB and MC phases being the viable phase, the peak(s) at 2θ ≈ 44-90- 45. 0° must arise from the (100)T domains We may thus conclude that “LT” pha...
Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40
High resolution x ray diffraction study of phase and domain structures and thermally induced phase transformations in PZN (4 5 9)%PT 8
... (b) 85 ºC P/A= 0º P/A= 45 (c) 1 05 ºC P/A= 0º P/A= 45 (d) 1 45 ºC P/A= 0º P/A= 45 (e) 1 65 ºC P/A= 0º P/A= 45 (f) 1 68 ºC C P/A= 45 T C T P/A= 45 [100] 200 µm [010] Figure 8. 11 ZFH domain structures ... of (001)T twin diffractions in as-grown PZN- 6%PT single crystal may be due to the higher residual stress and/ or the presence of a much higher portion of T nanotwin domai...
Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40
High resolution x ray diffraction study of phase and domain structures and thermally induced phase transformations in PZN (4 5 9)%PT 9
... of the depolarization and R-T phase transformation events in poled PZN- PT single crystals PZN- 4 .5% PT and PZN- 7%PT single crystals, of [100]L×[010]W×[001]T in orientation and 6L×2W×0.35T mm3 in ... tilting of the R diffraction out of the ω = 0° plane indicates that both crystals existed in a strained state as the result of poling induced stresses This find...
Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40
High resolution x ray diffraction study of phase and domain structures and thermally induced phase transformations in PZN (4 5 9)%PT 10
... emergence of R-T phase transformation in PZN- PT single crystals, giving TR-T(L) ≅ TDP ≅1 05- 110 °C for PZN- 4 .5% PT and ≅90 -100 °C for PZN- 7%PT These results, including the upper bound values of TR-T, ... (b) 110 ºC, and (c) 1 15 ºC The intensity contours are in log scale T# indicates the vague T diffractions TNT denotes the T at ∆ω ≠ 0º 172 o ε' (x1 0 ) (a) 100 C ε'...
Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40
High resolution x ray diffraction study of phase and domain structures and thermally induced phase transformations in PZN (4 5 9)%PT 11
... crystal domains in single crystal relaxor ferroelectric, J Appl Phys., 87, p 8 159 -8164 2000 70 Yin, J and W Cao Domain configurations in domain engineered 0. 955 Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.045PbTiO3 single crystals ... (001)T domains in PZN( 6-8)%PT crystals, which are shadowed by the R domains upon fracturing (b) To investigate the effects of temperature and E-field on the R and...
Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40
Magnetic domain study of micron and nano sized permalloy structures induced by a local current
... layer, arrays of magnetic structures of various sizes and separations were aligned and 31 Magnetic Domain Study of Micron- and Nano- sized Permalloy Structures Induced by a Local Current patterned ... techniques of magnetic imaging used by different research groups to analyze magnetic domain changes Magnetic Domain Study of Micron- a...
Ngày tải lên: 10/11/2015, 11:34