... successfully in case reports and small series, with apparently low acute toxicity [57,63] Long-term safety data are needed Scanty and sometimes contradictory AD animal data are available Although the results ... engineer cartilage, bone, muscle, fat, tendon and neuronal cells; they may serve as cell vehicles for gene therapy; they may enhance engraftment in haematopoietic stem cell transplants; and their ... On the other hand, MSCs may also actively participate in initiating AD [3], they have the potential to favour spread of melanoma metastases [4] and, although mostly immune privileged, they may...