foundations of econometrics phần 10 potx

... rank of a matrix is the number of linearly independent columns. Here, any set of r linearly independent columns of Π is a set of linear combinations of the r columns of η. See also Exercise 14.19. ... Section 10. 4. Maximum likelihood estimation of a system of nonlinear equations was treated in Section 12.3. We saw there that one approach is to minimize the deter- minant o...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 22:21

... function of X t for both models for 10 ≤ X t ≤ 110. Also plot log y t as a function of log X t for both models for the same range of X t . How well do the two models approximate each other in each of ... horizontal limits of the circle of B are allowed. If one computes the area of the part of the circle to the left of a given vertical line, then for each event a ≡ (X ≤ x)...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 22:21

... theories of value, critique of, 63, 101 -2, 107 -8, 108 -9, 115 n., 146-7, 149-50, 156, 166-71, 172-3, 192-3 Land: of different qualities, 106 , 167-8, 169; as a non-economic good, 102 , 106 ; ... a species of goods, in the sense of the sum of the value to the various members of society of all concrete goods of a given kind, is not an unchanging magnitude, even if...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... CSV endofl i ne, 96 CSV main. 89.98. 103 CSV reset, 96 CSV split, 97 Csv: :advplain 102 Csv : : advquoted, 102 Csv: :endofline. 101 Csv: :getfield. 102 Csv: :getline. 100 csvgetl ... n function, 102 Csv: : advquoted function, 102 Csv: :endofline function. 101 CSV: :getfie1 d function. 102 Csv: :get1 i ne function, 100 Csv : : getnfield function,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... Werff, P. J. J., 150 Vanderwood, M., 281 Van de Vijver, F., 86, 87, 98, 99, 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110, 111, 113 van Dongen, H. R., 150 Van Egren, L., 301 Van Gorp, W., 312 van ... 202 Lerner, P., 194, 202 Lesher, E. L., 404 Lesser, I. M., 500 Leung, K., 96, 98, 99, 100 , 102 , 103 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110, 111, 113 Leung, S. A., 477 Levenb...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 11:21

... least 100 times, and find the averages of the ˆ β 1 and the ˆ β 2 . Use these averages to estimate the bias of the OLS estimators of β 1 and β 2 . Repeat this exercise for sample sizes of 50, 100 , ... results of (3.70), rederive the estimates of α , β, γ 0 , and γ 1 solely on the basis of your results from (3.71). 3.23 Simulate model (3.70) of the previous question, using yo...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 22:21

... (unre- stricted) estimate of σ 2 and can be thought of as a measure of the scale of the random noise. Since u ∼ N(0, σ 2 I), every element of u has the same variance, and so every component of (4.37), if ... sample will contain some of the residuals exactly once, some of them more than once, and some of them not at all. Therefore, the value of each drawing must be the valu...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 22:21

... asymptotic results, and similar methods of proof, apply to all of them. 6 .10 Exercises 6.1 Let the expectation of a random variable Y conditional on a set of other ran- dom variables X 1 , . . ... terms of an n × k matrix of exogenous variables W, where k is the dimension of β, by the equations W  (y − Xβ) = 0. (7.08) These equations are a special case of the moment conditi...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 22:21

... element of which is the mean of the elements of y i . Similarly, let ¯ X i denote a T i × k matrix, each element of which is the mean of the corresponding column of X i . Then the random-effects ... number of iterations used by NLS itself. Repeat the exercise with a starting value of 0.5 for ρ instead of the value of 0 that is conventionally used. 7.20 Test the hypothesis t...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 22:21

... covariance matrix of (9.40) by  Var( ˆ β FGMM ) = n(X  W ˆ Σ −1 W  X) −1 , (9.41) which is the analog of (9.16). The factor of n here is needed to offset the factor of n −1 in the definition of ˆ Σ. We ... the true Ω 0 , omitting the subscript 0 for ease of notation. The asymptotic equivalence of the ˆ β FGMM of (9.15) or (9.40) and the ˆ β GMM of (9 .10) further implies th...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 22:21