Báo cáo y học: " Comparative genomic analysis of C4 photosynthetic pathway evolution in grasses" docx

... strategy is to incorporate the C4 pathway into C3 plants through recombinant DNA technology [84]. The strategy succeeds in transferring C4 genes into C3 plants and yielding high levels of C4 enzymes ... C4 cycle often belong to gene families having HCO 3 − The NADP-ME type of C4 pathway in sorghum and maizeFigure 1 The NADP-ME type of C4 pathway in sorghum and ma...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 21:20

... the endolysin of eiAU is a member of the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidases class of endolysins. DNA replication proteins ORFs with significant sequence similarity to proteins involved in DNA ... understood, may be required for host cell lysis only in a medium con- taining an excess of divalent cations [25]. Phage endoly- sins have been linked to five enzymatic activities, includ...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:21

... order of all eukaryotes. Components of the innate immune system are hardly known in this insect, which is in a key phylogenetic position to inform us about genetic innovations accompanying the evolution of ... T, Yaoi K, Iwahana H, Sato R: The lipopolysaccharide-binding protein participating in hemo- cyte nodule formation in the silkworm Bombyx mori is a novel member of the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... that Euascomycota are in dark green, Hemiascomycota in red, archiascomycete S. pombe in yellow, Basidiomycota excluding U. maydis in blue, U. maydis in purple, zygomycete R. oryzae in orange, ... lineage, suggesting either that the remaining introns are very hard to lose or that loss rates have greatly diminished within the lin- eage. By contrast, 14 of 23 introns present in...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... for only 22 amino acids, including the amino acids selenocysteine and pyrroly- sine whose incorporation into protein requires the reassign- ment of the UGA and UAG stop codons, respectively [1,2]. This ... constraint imposed by the mRNA decoding machinery on those ORFeomes, is not yet clear and we are currently inves- tigating this. In any case, this diagonal line in the codon con- text...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... R: Domains of the integrase protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 responsible for polynucleotidyl transfer and zinc bind- ing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the ... binding of RAL [13,27,28]. Therefore, sub- type-specific variations in DNA-binding domains could also affect the affinity of RAL for integrase. In vitro, sub- type B and C recombinan...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:22

... processivity of recombinant RT proteins was ana- lysed using both homopolymeric and heteropolymeric RNA templates in the presence of a heparin enzyme trap to ensure a single processive cycle, i.e., a single round ... efficiency in regard to tRNA-primed (-) ssDNA synthesis. Processivity analysis of recombinant HIV-1 subtype B and subtype C RTs The processivity of a polymerase is...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20

... transcripts (as determined by Q-RT-PCR) or Oct4 protein (as determined by FACS analysis) (Figure 2b). Finally, using Q-RT-PCR, we determined whether genes highly expressed in MAPCs but not in MSCs (less ... cells/well. Expansion was done by trypsinizing (0.05% trypsin, Cellgro) the cells and replating them every 2 days at a density of 100-200 cells/cm 2 . Cells at population doubling...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... with a variety of flexible bronchoscopic interventions including electrocautery, cryotherapy, laser photocoagulation, radiofrequency ablation, and stent removal (when necessary). In our report, ... owing to the nature of the underlying diseases. Introduction Patients with symptomatic central airway lesions can be treated with surgery or endoscopic intervention [1-3]. Owing to advances...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:21

... kinase, and protein kinase), containing two, three, and two instances, respectively. In the general motif analysis we identified motifs containing purely noninteracting edge types. It is possible ... patterns of genetic interactions reflecting the underlying molecular sys- tem. Figure 1 shows genetic interactions among components of three main signaling pathways controlling yeast inva...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20