Transoesophageal Echocardiography study guide and practice mcqs phần 8 potx

... anticoagulation good durability 1 18 Transoesophageal Echocardiography Left-sided lesions with bronchial carcinoid/ASD/PFO Endocardial thickening causing fixation of TV and PV TR universal finding, usually ... valve Pulmonary stenosis Aetiology (1) Congenital Uni-/bi-/quadricuspid valve Fallot’s tetralogy 1 08 Transoesophageal Echocardiography Table 6.5 Assessment of pulmonary insuf...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:20

... stress 72 Transoesophageal Echocardiography 4. The left ventricular walls seen from the standard two chamber view (at 90 ◦ )are A inferior and lateral B anterior and lateral C posterior and anteroseptal D ... following three coronary cusps A left, right and anterior B left, right and posterior C anterior, posterior and non- D superior, inferior and non- E left, right and n...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:20

... Transoesophageal Echocardiography Study Guide and Practice Questions Dr Andrew Roscoe, F.R.C.A Consultant in Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK Transoesophageal Echocardiography Transoesophageal ... in perioperative echocardiography against an objective standard, and all of them consist of two parts. With the practical part, the candidate mus...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:20

... by: pulse duration (PD) pulse repetition frequency (PRF) pulse repetition period (PRP) 8 Transoesophageal Echocardiography Hi g h intensit y Low intensit y Fig. 1.6 Intensity High intensity ... average (TA), i.e. average of ‘on’ and ‘off’ For CW: TP = TA (3) Pulse – U/S beam has average I for duration of pulse (‘on’) = pulse average (PA) 6 Transoesophageal Echocardiography PRP...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:20

... 20 Transoesophageal Echocardiography Steering = slope Focusing = curvature Fig. 1. 18 Physics of ultrasound 29 A A Threshold Fig. 1.29 Display Cathode ... along pathway signal is returning from 26 Transoesophageal Echocardiography High temporal resolution = 1000×/second Ideal for imaging localized areas of heart and analysing time-related events 2-D ... energy Reception:acous...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:20

... cavitation bubbles expand and burst → highly localized violent effects mechanical index = quantification of cavitation effects Electrical hazards Uncommon 34 Transoesophageal Echocardiography Velocity ... Doppler to the image D reducing sector size E increasing line density 46 Transoesophageal Echocardiography Safety Contraindications and complications Absolute contraindications (1...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:20

... persistent left SVC 66 Transoesophageal Echocardiography ECG PWD S2 S1 D A Fig. 3.20 Pulmonary veins Four veins: 2 right–upper and lower (RUPV and RLPV) 2 left–upper and lower (LUPV and LLPV) 2% ... moderator band posterior and septal (small) TVL = continuous veil of fibrous tissue indentations = commissures Septal TVL insertion infero-apical compared to anterior TVL Normal...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:20

... method RV dysfunction Volume overload Dilated RV Flattening of IVS (moves to left) 88 Transoesophageal Echocardiography 8. Regarding impaired relaxation, there is A an increase in E wave maximum velocity B ... pericardium Increased RV and LV wall thickness ‘Speckled’/granular appearance RV/LV size and systolic function normal Biatrial dilatation Diffuse valvular thickening (MV and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:20

... supraventricularis (Fig. 8. 2) Immediately inferior to PV and AV (LCC and RCC) = infundibular VSD Infracristal Inferior and posterior to crista supraventricularis (Fig. 8. 2) (1) Membranous: beneath ... IVRT on inspiration with CONSTRICTIVE pathology 1 28 Transoesophageal Echocardiography Coronary sinus (CS) ASD At site of origin of CS (Fig. 8. 1) Associated with unroofed CS/per...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:20

... time, mitral valve 96 diastasis 81 diastole pathological states 84 phases 80 –1 physiological effects 84 diastolic dysfunction 85 , 83 –5 diastolic filling early 81 late 81 limitation 135 display 29 modes ... systolic pressure is A 82 mmHg B 100 mmHg C 1 18 mmHg D 130 mmHg E 146 mmHg 4. The systemic diastolic pressure is A 56 mmHg B 64 mmHg C 72 mmHg D 82 mmHg E 88 mmHg 1 38...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:20