Báo cáo y học: " Clinical review: Scoring systems in the critically ill" ppsx

... resource use. In this article we review the most commonly used scoring systems in each of these three groups. We examine the history of the development of the initial major systems in each group, ... patients with a very short length of ICU stay, and so on).Second, the accuracy of any scoring system is highly dependent on the quality of the input. To be used correctly, the deﬁ nitions, ... 3 in Austria and in Italy [22,27].Seventh, the use of automatic patient data management systems can, by changing the sampling rate for the physiological variables, change the accuracy of the...

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Noninvasive ventilation in the clinical setting – experience from the past 10 year" pps

... 8-yearretrospective study in which they investigated the changes in clinical practice of NIV in COPD patients. In that survey the failure rate with NIV was constant over time, regardless of the increasing ... COPDexacerbations to standard medical therapy alone or medicaltherapy combined with NIV. Intubation and mortality rates in the NIV group were lower than in the conventional therapygroup (15% versus 27% [P ... surgeryNo active gastrointestinal bleedingNo impairment in swallowingHemodynamic and rhythm stabilityAdequate fitting of the interface102A multicenter randomized controlled trial recently reported...

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Airway hygiene in the intensive care unit" pptx

... it maintains airway patency and preventspulmonary infection. However, tracheal suctioning inducesmucosal injury, exposing the basement membrane andthereby facilitating bacterial adhesion in ... respiratory infections, length of stay in the hospital and the ICU, and mortality in critically ill patients. Availabledata are distilled into recommendations for the maintenance ofairway hygiene in ... articles. The following search terms were used:airway hygiene, oral hygiene, mucociliary clearance, trachealsuctioning, bronchoscopy, mucolytics, chest physiotherapy,kinetic therapy, continuous...

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Critical care in the global context – disparities in burden of illness, access, and economics" potx

... without the help of others.Over the last 200 years, the economies of Africa have grownby approximately 0.7% per year, while the US has grown by1.7% per year, resulting in a 25-fold increase in ... the nearly 6 billion people in the world today, roughly 1billion live in extreme poverty. They are nearly all inhabitants of‘developing’ countries, predominantly in sub-Saharan Africaand South ... care systems in developed countries, the provision of care to critically illpatients is among the most expensive, but very little is knownabout international differences in the provision of intensivecare...

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Medication errors in critical care"

... reportingbarriers partly owing to fewer liability concerns, and anopportunity to study recovery patterns [75]. Ideally, errorreporting should be voluntary, anonymous, centralized toincrease the ... Monitoring Study in Intensive Care) and the ICUSRS (Intensive Care Unit Safety Reporting System)have been developed with the goal of balancing the strengthsand limitations of error reporting [72].ConclusionPatient ... faulty systems appears to be a more promising way to reducehuman error.Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests.Authors’ contributionsEC and EM performed the...

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Myocardial depression in sepsis and septic shock" pptx

... bio-chemical pathway than the early depression, and may involvede novo protein synthesis. The generation of NO may be central to both early and latedepression of myocytes in in vitro and in vivo models ... advances in the under-standing of its pathophysiology [1]. The incidence of severesepsis in the United States today is estimated at 750,000cases per year, resulting in 215,000 deaths annually [2]. ... work index) in properly resuscitated septic patients[15]. The depression in the Frank–Starling curve demon-strated in these studies, however, could be explained byeither a change in myocardial...

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: SARS – lessons in disaster management" potx

... anticipatedbeing in a situation that put their personal safety, health andpotentially their lives and those of their families on the line.Questions arose regarding whether there is a duty to careand ... whilemaintaining infection control measures), and serve as a way totrain treatment teams at different hospital sites. Indeed,internet-based technology proved invaluable during the SARSoutbreak in ... work in extremely difficult anddemanding conditions, such as seeing our colleagues placed in quarantine after exposure, some of them falling ill,becoming critically ill and even succumbing to...

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Sleep measurement in critical care patients: research and clinical implications" pdf

... more interventions. In clinical practice, they offer the only real means of assessing the efficacy of interventions in attempting to improve individualpatients’ sleep.Patient assessmentUsing the ... of sedation orantipsychotic therapy required in these patients may beincreased by their presence. The support and financing ofpolysomnography in terms of sleep laboratory equipment andskilled ... simultaneously used on the patient or indeed on otherpatients in the intensive care unit. Individuals subjected topolysomnography recording often find that the electrodesand recording equipment themselves...

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Practical recommendations on the management of perioperative heart failure in cardiac surgery" pdf

... third-generation rotary pumps the spinning rotor ﬂ oats by means of either a magnetic ﬁ eld or hydrodynamic levitation, never touch-ing the pump housing, thereby eliminating mechanical wear. ... are in the normal range, cardiovascular dysfunction is very likely related to vascular dysfunction. In treating myocardial dysfunction, consider the following options, either alone or in combination: ... is the principal investigator of the ongoing investigator initiated study: The TEAM-project: multi-center trial on the e ect of anesthetics on morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing...

Báo cáo y học: "Science review: Genetic variability in the systemic inflammatory response" pdf

... depending on the outcome of interest.Interleukin-1ααand interleukin-1ββIL-1, a potent proinflammatory cytokine released bymacrophages, also plays a key role in mediating endotoxinlethality ... proinflammatory cytokines, and anti-inflamma-tory cytokines (Table 1). The outcome of an inflammatory response is dictated by avariety of factors, including the pathogenicity and duration of the stimulus, ... that may modify the outcome ofa systemic inflammatory insult. Many of these genes encodeproteins that are upregulated or downregulated by the inflam-matory response, key examples of which include...

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