Heart Disease in Pregnancy - part 8 pptx

... blood in the imme- diate postpartum period. 5 ,8 10 Cardiac output rises 3–3.5 l/min during the sec- ond stage and the immediate postpartum period. 6,9,11 Average blood loss for a singleton vaginal ... stage. In addition to establishing a management team, several general measures should be instituted when managing all gravid women with heart disease (Table 19.2), including pain contro...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 38 PN P-P 5 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 38 PN 90 80 70 60 90 85 80 75 70 Figure 2.2 Changes in cardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate during pregnancy. P-P, prior to pregnancy; ... Lachelin GC. Plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline levels in normal pregnancy and in pregnancy- induced hypertension. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1 982 ;89 :1041–5. 32 Davey...

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... complex congenital heart disease are surviving into the reproductive age after surgery in infancy or childhood. 1–4 Congenital heart disease is not infrequently discovered first during pregnancy, particularly ... offspring of patients with some common congeni- tal heart defects. J Med Genet 1 981 ; 18: 8–16. 8 Singh H, Bolton PJ, Oakley CM. Pregnancy after surgical correction...

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... decreased in developing countries. Valvular heart disease is the second most frequent heart disease after congen- ital heart disease, during pregnancy, in western countries and the most frequent in ... valve disease is indi- cated, in particular in women with severe mitral stenosis. • During pregnancy, particularly after the beginning of the second trimester, reacting...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... Artificial heart valves. In: Heart Disease in Pregnancy. London: BMJ Publishing Group, 1997: pp 135–46. 32 Ginsberg JS, Hirsh J. Use of anti-thrombotic agents during pregnancy. Chest 19 98; 114:524S–30S. 33 ... subcutaneous heparin in pregnancy by Ginsberg et al. is based on: heparin’s value in patients with angina and myocar- dial infarction and a study of 100 pregnancies i...

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... her tissues, including the placenta. Risk of PAVM growth In six of our cases in our first series, pregnancy- related PAVM growth or in- creased right-to-left shunt was noted, including the case ... during pregnancy as a result of the accompanying hyperventilation. 12 In a further study in the Andes at 4300 m, Sa O 2 was 83 % in the non-pregnant state and 87 % in week 36 of...

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... normally common in late Peripartum and other cardiomyopathic pericardial diseases 189 A consensus opinion from the workshop in 1997 was of an incidence in be- tween 1 in 3000 and 1 in 4000 in the USA 7,19 which ... suspected of playing a part in initiating both the in- flammatory process in dilated cardiomyopathy and an autoimmune process against exposed or damaged myocar...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... or progress to occlude the vein. In pregnancy most venous thrombi are found in the left femoral veins, but some start in the pelvic veins or, in heart disease, sometimes in the right heart chambers. Most ... arrhythmia during pregnancy include: • Resting 12-lead ECG • ECG recorded during tachycardia, 12-lead if at all possible • Echocardiogram • Thyroid function tests. H...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... Thrombosis in pregnancy: maternal and foetal issues. Lancet 1999;353: 12 58 65. 17 Oakley C, ed. Acyanotic congenital heart disease. In: Heart Disease in Pregnancy. London: BMJ Publishing Group, ... Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 19 98; 32:1 486 – 588 . 18 Page RL. Treatment of arrhythmias in pregnancy. Am Heart J 1995;130 :87 1–6. 19 APPCR Panel and Scientific Roundtable....

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... failure per 1000 insertions. 12 It is inserted into the upper non-dominant arm under local anes- thetic; training in insertion is necessary. Removal is easy but also needs training. The risks associated ... 211 stenotic left-sided heart valve disease 80 8 stenotic valvular lesion 12 stenting 211 steroids 140, 300 stillbirth 18, 44, 45 Still’s disease 205 stress 3 08 echocardiograph...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22