Báo cáo y học: "Bench-to-bedside review: The evaluation of complex interventions in critical care" ppsx

... Consequently, there is an emerging body of literature advocating the use of integrated complex interventions to optimise the treatment of critically ill patients. Examples of these complex interventions include ... [7]. Complex interventions are defined as interventions or therapies that may act both independently and inter- dependently [8], often more than just the...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... occur in the setting of infection, and it is possible that the primary genetic lesions in autoimmunity involve components of the same system that induces cytokine production in the course of an infection. ... observed in septic shock. In part, they do so by triggering the release of many secondary cytokines, includ- ing IL-6, and numerous chemokines, which may furt...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... pressure may result in further infarction involving the entire territory of that artery. The current recommendation of the American Heart Association is that hypertension in the setting of acute ... [29,43–45]. In addition to activation of the renin–angiotensin system, vasopressin, endothelin, and catecholamines are postulated to play important roles in the pathoph...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:22

... combination. The single exception is the addition of weak base (e.g. tris-hydroxymethyl aminomethane) [6], which is normally absent from body fluids. Review Clinical review: The meaning of acid–base ... by its pH. Some even advocate ‘pH-balanced’ fluids, particularly when priming cardiopulmonary bypass pumps [1]. This is not to deny the merit of avoiding very high or very low...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20

... casualties. The difficulty in planning was the uncertainty of when the flow of seriously injured casualties would stop. It was noted in the Madrid bombings of 2004 that the hospitals closest to the incidents ... Capacity (including staffing) How do we ensure that security (including checking of staff identity) is maintained? Who is the lead intensivist and who is th...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 10:20

... of the incubator. The noise was reduced by 3.3 dBA inside the incubator. In a study by Blomkvist and colleagues [48], after the replacement of the ceiling tiles the noise level was reduced by ... [53] to test the effect of night and day on infants in a newborn nursery. Besides turning off the radio, lights and covering the windows with thick and dark curtains, the...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:23

... appropriate ther- apy, and use of the procedure will probably become the standard of care in the next few years. Indicators of prognosis CAP is the leading cause of death from infection in west- ern ... surprisingly poor predictors for the diagno- sis of CAP.  e added value of the PCT biomarker as a clinical decision-making tool is evidenced in the present...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 19:20

... ALN in vitro. This protective effect of RANKL is likely to be mediated at least in part by an increase in the level of the anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1. The ability of RANKL, together with other ... alter the level of Bcl-2 in rabbit osteoclasts but caused a marked increase in the level of Mcl-1, an anti-apop- totic member of the Bcl-2 family that is expresse...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... [32]. The presence of penetrating torso injury or injury to four or more body regions serves as an independent predictor of intra-abdominal injury. The mechanism of tertiary blast injury is similar ... blunt abdominal trauma, which mostly affects the solid organs. The probability of being injured as a result of each of these mechanisms is determined by the distance of...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 22:22

... not highly ranked in any of the other strains, the results indicated that the trp operon was present in the remainder of the strains. The CT868 gene region of strain L1/440 was interest- ing because of ... classified as being variable within all strains of a biological niche; interestingly, the majority of these genes code for hypothetical proteins of unknown f...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:20