Introduction to Smart Antennas - Chapter 5 ppsx

... “full-rank”. The approach of MUSIC, and other subspace-based methods, is to first 82 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS -9 0 -7 5 -6 0 -4 5 -3 0 -1 5 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 (degrees) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 MUSIC ... ,s K (t) ] T . (5. 10) 78 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS Since the surrounding environment of the array may be time-varying, the requir...

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... series SYNTHESIS LECTURES ON ANTENNAS #5 Lecture #5 Series Editor: Constantine A. Balanis, Arizona State University First Edition 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 vi INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS 4.4 Smart Antenna Configurations ... reliable and robust high-speed high-data-rate transmission. The purpose of this book is to provide the reader a broad view of the system aspects of smart...

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... cochannel interference. 110 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS -3 0-3 0 -2 0-2 0 -1 0-1 0 00 90 60 30 0 30 60 90 dB E-plane H-plane FIGURE 7.3: Single element microstrip patch radiation patterns; E-plane (φ = 0 ◦ ) and H-plane ... 7.1,withλ/2 (half-wavelength) interelement spacing (maximum allowable spacing for a well-correlated antenna array) where λ = 1 .5 cm was designe...

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... Throughput Channel Bandwidth . (2.1) 20 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Normalized Frequency (f T) -0 .4 -0 .2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Normalized Amplitude FIGURE ... delivering 12 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS cell microcel l FIGURE 2.6: Cell-splitting. problem was to subdivide a cell into smaller cell...

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... toward the desired signal. 30 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 b (dB) 10 -7 10 -6 10 -5 10 -4 10 -3 10 -2 10 -1 1 P b MRC diversity AWGN channel L=1 L=2 L=3L=4 FIGURE 3.6: ... fixed to the optimum direction (toward which the signal -to- noise ratio is maximized). In this direction the maximum of the pattern is ideally toward the...

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... unit FIGURE 4.18: Reception part of a smart antenna [20]. 60 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS -1 80 -1 50 -1 20 -9 0 -6 0 -3 0 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 (degrees) -8 0 -6 0 -4 0 -2 0 0 Gain (dB) FIGURE 4.26: Normalized ... pattern SMART ANTENNAS 67 -1 80 -1 50 -1 20 -9 0 -6 0 -3 0 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 (degrees) -5 0 -4 0 -3...

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... the gradient vector is a random vector that depends on the input data 90 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS -9 0 -7 5 -6 0 -4 5 -3 0 -1 5 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 (degrees) -6 0 -5 0 -4 0 -3 0 -2 0 -1 0 0 10 20 30 Beampattern ... signal pattern shaping is to simultaneously place a beam maximum toward the signal-of-interest (SOI) and ideally nulls...

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... station) space-time processing smart antennas MISO/SIMO MIMO FIGURE 8.3: Space–time processing; applications and benefits [ 25] . 132 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS is considered to be frequency-flat, the ... intrinsic advantages 142 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS 1 10 100 1 10 5 Range (Km) 90% Single-User Data Rate (Mbps) P T =10W B =5MHz M-antenna transmit diversity at...

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... to continual advances in the field, it is expected that the usage of smart antennas will continue to grow. COMMERCIAL AVAILABILITY OF SMART ANTENNAS 153 FIGURE 9.3: The use of standard or custom ... adaptive beam-forming. Fig. 9.2 illustrates the functional diagram of Spotlight  . Another product by the same company is the SmartCell  . It is a targeted, sector-by- sector smart...

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... semicircular ar- ray antennas for low-cost wireless LAN data communication systems,” IEEE Proc. Microw. Antennas Propagat., vol. 1 45, no. 2, pp. 153 – 158 , Apr. 1998. doi:10.1049/ip-map:19981 658 [3] J ... Available: www.iec.org/online/tutorials /smart antennas [5] Smart antennas, ” CDMA Development Group, 2004. [Online]. Available: http://www.cdg.org/technology/cdma technology /s...

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