Introduction to Smart Antennas - Chapter 4 docx

... unit FIGURE 4. 18: Reception part of a smart antenna [20]. 60 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS -1 80 -1 50 -1 20 -9 0 -6 0 -3 0 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 (degrees) -8 0 -6 0 -4 0 -2 0 0 Gain (dB) FIGURE 4. 26: Normalized ... 2 Beamformer N FIGURE 4. 16: SDMA system block diagram [ 94, 95]. SMART ANTENNAS 63 -1 80 -1 50 -1 20 -9 0 -6 0...

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... fixed to the optimum direction (toward which the signal -to- noise ratio is maximized). In this direction the maximum of the pattern is ideally toward the desired signal. 30 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS 0 ... INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 b (dB) 10 -7 10 -6 10 -5 10 -4 10 -3 10 -2 10 -1 1 P b MRC diversity AWGN channel...

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... the gradient vector is a random vector that depends on the input data 90 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS -9 0 -7 5 -6 0 -4 5 -3 0 -1 5 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 (degrees) -6 0 -5 0 -4 0 -3 0 -2 0 -1 0 0 10 20 30 Beampattern ... determined by adaptive algorithms which adapt to the changing environment. 94 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS To mini...

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... series SYNTHESIS LECTURES ON ANTENNAS #5 Lecture #5 Series Editor: Constantine A. Balanis, Arizona State University First Edition 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 vi INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS 4. 4 Smart Antenna Configurations ... reliable and robust high-speed high-data-rate transmission. The purpose of this book is to provide the reader a broad view of the system aspects of smart...

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... Throughput Channel Bandwidth . (2.1) 20 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Normalized Frequency (f T) -0 .4 -0 .2 0.0 0.2 0 .4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Normalized Amplitude FIGURE 2.11: ... delivering 12 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS cell microcel l FIGURE 2.6: Cell-splitting. problem was to subdivide a cell into sma...

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... observations become “full-rank”. The approach of MUSIC, and other subspace-based methods, is to first 82 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS -9 0 -7 5 -6 0 -4 5 -3 0 -1 5 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 (degrees) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 MUSIC ... subarrays. If we assume the total array to be 80 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS is equal to the number of array elements N. The...

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... 108 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS y D x = 54. 747 x 0 = 0.7 94 t = 0.300 D y = 54. 562 y 0 = 1.1 64 r = 11.7, Si d x = 7.500 W = 2. 247 = 0. 04 d = 7.500 L = 2.062 f =20 x = 54. 747 mm 0 = 0.7 94 mm ... beamwidths and lower sidelobes lead to lower cochannel interference. 110 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS -3 0-3 0 -2 0-2 0 -1 0-1 0 00 90 60 30 0 30 60 90...

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... station) space-time processing smart antennas MISO/SIMO MIMO FIGURE 8.3: Space–time processing; applications and benefits [25]. 132 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS is considered to be frequency-flat, the ... the measurement noise was assumed to be very low [29]. 148 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Interelement distance in ∆ =...

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... Metawave’s smart antenna solutions have been deployed in 14 of the top 20 markets in the US and five of the nine regions in Mexico. 149 CHAPTER 9 Commercial Availability of Smart Antennas Smart antenna ... adaptive beam-forming. Fig. 9.2 illustrates the functional diagram of Spotlight  . Another product by the same company is the SmartCell  . It is a targeted, sector-by- sector...

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... channels,” IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 4, no. 11, pp. 337–339, Nov. 2000. doi:10.1109 /42 34. 8921 94 162 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS [45 ] “Intellicell: Bringing Wireless to Life,” Arraycomm, 2003. [Online]. ... 1999, pp. 843 – 846 . doi:full text [168] M. L. R. de Campos and A. Antoniou, “A new quasi-Newton adaptive filtering al- gorithm,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II, vol. 44...

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