Introduction to Smart Antennas - Chapter 1 ppsx
Introduction to Smart Antennas - Chapter 1 ppsx
... publisher.
Introduction to Smart Antennas
Constantine A. Balanis, Panayiotis I. Ioannides
www.morganclaypool.com
ISBN: 15 982 917 69 paperback
ISBN: 97 815 982 917 66 paperback
ISBN: 15 982 917 77 ebook
ISBN: ... referred to as Mobile Ad hoc NETwork
(MANET), and it is beginning to emerge using Bluetooth
TM
technology. Bluetooth
TM
is a
short-range, low-power radio link (10 10 0...
Introduction to Smart Antennas - Chapter 5 ppsx
... observations
become “full-rank”. The approach of MUSIC, and other subspace-based methods, is to first
82 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS
-9 0 -7 5 -6 0 -4 5 -3 0 -1 5 0 15 30 45 60 75 90
(degrees)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
MUSIC ... [14 2]
E
s
E
1
E
2
=
A
1
()
A
1
()
T (5.28)
for some full-rank matrix T ∈
C
K×K
.SolvingforA
1
() and substituting...
Introduction to Smart Antennas - Chapter 7 ppsx
... L
0. 011 L
0. 011 L
0. 011 L
Variable
Variable
L
0.023 L
0.004 L
0. 011 L
0. 011 L
0. 011 L
Variable
Variable
L
0.023 L
0.004 L
0. 011 L
0. 011 L
0. 011 L
Variable
Variable
L
0.023 L
0.004 L
0. 011 L
0. 011 ... (maximum
allowable spacing for a well-correlated antenna array) where λ = 1. 5 cm was designed.
19 19 .5 20 20.5 21
-2 5
-2 0
-1 5
-1 0
-5
0
Frequency (GHz)
|S
11...
Introduction to Smart Antennas - Chapter 2 pps
... (2 .1)
20 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS
-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Normalized Frequency (f T)
-0 .4
-0 .2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1. 0
Normalized Amplitude
FIGURE 2 .11 : OFDM and the orthogonality ... instead
FIGURE2.8: Sectorized cellular network employing three sectors, each one covering 12 0
◦
field of view.
8 INTRODUCTION TO SMART...
Introduction to Smart Antennas - Chapter 3 docx
... desired
signal.
30 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
b
(dB)
10
-7
10
-6
10
-5
10
-4
10
-3
10
-2
10
-1
1
P
b
MRC diversity
AWGN channel
L =1
L=2
L=3L=4
FIGURE 3.6: The MRC diversity ... reuse. These
FIGURE 3 .1: Omnidirectional antennas and coverage patterns [4].
ANTENNA ARRAYS AND DIVERSITY TECHNIQUES 27
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
b
(...
Introduction to Smart Antennas - Chapter 4 docx
... pattern
SMART ANTENNAS 67
-1 80 -1 50 -1 20 -9 0 -6 0 -3 0 0 30 60 90 12 0 15 0 18 0
(degrees)
-5 0
-4 0
-3 0
-2 0
-1 0
0
10
Gain (dB)
With mutual coupling
No mutual coupling
FIGURE 4.30: Comparison of array factors ... 1
y
2
y
N
Beamformer 2
Beamformer N
FIGURE 4 .16 : SDMA system block diagram [94, 95].
SMART ANTENNAS 63
-1 80 -1 50 -1 20...
Introduction to Smart Antennas - Chapter 6 docx
... gradient vector is a random vector that depends on the input data
90 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS
-9 0 -7 5 -6 0 -4 5 -3 0 -1 5 0 15 30 45 60 75 90
(degrees)
-6 0
-5 0
-4 0
-3 0
-2 0
-1 0
0
10
20
30
Beampattern ... for B being an n 1 column vector u, C a scalar of unity and D a1× n row vector u
T
. Then
A + uu
T
1
= A
1
−
A
1
uu
T
A...
Introduction to Smart Antennas - Chapter 8 potx
... close to being uncorrelated when the interelement distance was
about 2λ.
SPACE–TIME PROCESSING 13 5
x
1
(t) x
i
(t) x
N
(t)
z
1
z
1
z
1
z
1
z
1
z
1
z
1
z
1
z
1
w
1, 0
w
1, 1
w
1, K−2
w
1, K 1
w
i,0
w
i ,1
w
i,K−2
w
i,K 1
w
N,0
w
N ,1
w
N,K−2
w
N,K 1
Σ
y(t)
FIGURE ... at night, and the
measurement noise was assumed to be very low [29].
14 8 INTRODUCTION TO...
Introduction to Smart Antennas - Chapter 9 pdf
... to continual advances in the
field, it is expected that the usage of smart antennas will continue to grow.
COMMERCIAL AVAILABILITY OF SMART ANTENNAS 15 3
FIGURE 9.3: The use of standard or custom ... the field
COMMERCIAL AVAILABILITY OF SMART ANTENNAS 15 1
(a) (b)
FIGURE 9 .1: (a) Smart antenna array with 12 elements developed by ArrayComm Inc. and (b) Joint
TD-SD Multiple...
Introduction to Smart Antennas - Chapter 10 pdf
... 5, pp. 16 –25, Oct. 19 96.
doi :10 .11 09/98.542234
[10 1] R. G. Vaughan, “On optimum combining at the mobile,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.,
vol. 37, pp. 18 1 18 8, Nov. 19 88. doi :10 .11 09/25. 311 22
[10 2] ... IEEETrans.Signal Process., vol. 49,no. 6,pp. 11 22 11 37,
June 20 01. doi :10 .11 09/78.923295
16 8 INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS
[13 3] T. Svantesson, Antennas and...