Báo cáo y học: " Molecular mechanisms of neuroinvasion by monocytes-macrophages in HIV-1 infection" pdf

... capacity to generate CCL2/MCP-1. Acute infil- tration of monocytes into the brain is thus central in early neuroinvasion in the SIV animal model of AIDS. Besides a prominent role of migratory monocytes ... [29,40,41]. In this context, BBB crossing by HIV Figure 1 Mechanistic model of HIV-1 neuroinvasion. (1) The physiological expression of chemokines by brain cells, a...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... induces trimethylation of lysine 9 from H3 therefore allowing the recruitment of hetero- chromatin protein 1 (HP1), heterochromatin formation and HIV-1 silencing (figure 2). Interestingly, by ... activity [99]. Some factors, like IL-6, or hydroxyurea could syner- gistically reactivate HIV-1 replication in latently promonocytic cells by increasing the ratio of Sp1/Sp3 [100]. Se...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... revealed other MyD88-independent signalling pathways involving the Toll-IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adaptor molecules TRIF (TIR domain-containing adaptor protein-inducing- interferon beta) ... on those mechanisms that link TLR-induced immunity to mechanisms clearly involved in autoimmunity. TLR ligation and autoimmunity Autoimmunity is obviously caused by several coincident...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 07:20

... hexapeptidyl chloromethylketone inhibitor used by Anand et al. [85] in their crystallographic study of the TGEV M pro was employed by Yang et al. [88] to char- acterize the interaction of the SARS-CoV ... University and Humboldt-University, D-13353 Berlin, Germany, 2 Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lübeck, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany, 3 Division of Clinical Infectiolo...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:21

... suppresses IL-1-induced glycosamino- glycan release from cartilage by inhibiting ADAMTS, MMP-1 and MMP-13 expression through preferentially blocking NF-κB activity in chondrocytes. EGCG also inhibits ... oncostatin M-induced JAK/ STAT pathway in human chondrocytes [13]. It promotes chondrogenesis from mesenchymal stem cells by antago- nizing proinfl ammatory cytokines [14]. Despite...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:22

... ability to distinguish between RA joint effusion and synovial proliferation by MRI has been greatly improved by the introduction of paramagnetic con- trast agents. The early post-gadolinium synovial ... space are robust, showing reproducible delineation of synovial thickening in small joints of the hands in patients with active RA, the analysis of such images does not necessar...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... integral component of the enzyme core [41]. Surprisingly, the NS3 serine protease recently turned out to influence the innate cellular host defense by inhibition of RIG-I and TLR3 signalling ... proteolysis experiments recently allowed the definition of three protein domains within the cytosolic domain [59]. More recently, the three-dimensional structure of the N-terminal domai...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 10:00

... functions of heparin binding and substrate recognition were mutagenized. Arg405 plays an important role in heparin binding in the active dimer. Lys413/Lys414 or Lys414 regulates heparin affinity in both monomeric ... of the carboxyl-terminal domain Yoko Kobayashi, Toshiaki Nakajima and Ituro Inoue Division of Genetic Diagnosis, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tok...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 15:20

... determined by X-ray crys- tallography [34]. In this structure of the peptide–CDC4 complex, however, Pin1 is missing, whereas in the study on cyclin E degradation, Pin1 was brought in by the phospho-cyclin ... the production of such proinflammatory cytokines as granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor [80], interleukin-2 and interferon-c [81]. The ARE-con- taining cytokine...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... Protein tyrosine kinases and phosphatases are the key players in the regulation of protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Among the known protein tyrosine phosphatases, SHP-1 and SHP-2 are distinguished ... of SHP-1 expression. To confirm whether USF proteins bind to the 12 bp repeat in the (I)SHP-1 promoter, in vivo binding of USF proteins can be assessed by formaldehyde cross-linkin...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 23:20