Báo cáo y học: "Bench-to-bedside review: Fundamental principles of acid-base physiology" pdf

... of the boundaries of a well-functioning system’s health territory, a living en- tity can enter either further into the zone of chaos or a zone of entropy, each dramatically affecting the system. ... Complexity governs the myriad of interactions within a system. “Complexity…[is] a science of emer- gence” [4] allowing system’s ultimate mission, the creation of emergence. Compl...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 10:04

... patients with respiratory fail- ure. They also found a high precision for PaO 2 ,PaCO 2 and pH. However, only a small fraction of their 487 pairs of data were in the range of extremely abnormal blood gas ... affected by the same limitations that we have noted for the PB 3300 [31,33]. Conclusion Despite these words of caution, especially concerning the quality of the PaO 2 analyser a...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... value gives no indication of the size of any dif- ference; it merely indicates the probability that the difference arose by chance. In order to assess the magnitude of any dif- ference, it is essential ... oxygen saturation beyond the level expected by chance. However, the P value in isolation gives no information about the likely size of any effect. As indicated above, this is recti-...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... [19,23,24]. The syndrome of hypertensive emergency was first described by Volhard and Fahr in 1914 and was characterized by severe accelerated hypertension, accompanied by evidence of renal disease and by signs ... of antihyperten- sive therapy, this complication occurred in up to 7% of the hypertensive population [29]. The epidemiology of hyperten- sive crises parallels the distrib...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:22

... particularly when priming cardiopulmonary bypass pumps [1]. This is not to deny the merit of avoiding very high or very low pH in fluids intended for rapid administration. Extremes of pH can cause ... single exception is the addition of weak base (e.g. tris-hydroxymethyl aminomethane) [6], which is normally absent from body fluids. Review Clinical review: The meaning of acid–base ab...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20

... Hensley ML, Meropol NJ, Winer EP, American Society of Clinical Oncology Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Expert Panel: 2002 update of recommendations for the use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy protectants: ... initiation of cytotoxic chemotherapy [10]. Although this syndrome typically occurs in patients with high-grade haematological malignancies, there have been anecdotal reports of...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... tissues, should be of particular interest in anoxic/hypoxic encephalopathy. Severe hypoglycaemia has been likened to hypoxic encepha- lopathy. Imaging study data in patients with hypoglycaemic coma ... value of MRI in the acute phase. J Trauma 2000, 49: 1071-1075. 28. Yanagawa Y, Tsushima Y, Tokumaru A, Un-no Y, Sakamoto T, Okada Y, Nawashiro H, Shima K: A quantitative analysis of h...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... may present in extremis, collapsed, hypotensive, and tachycardic, with hyperpyrexia without rigidity. Rhabdomyolysis may or may not be present. Rapid deterioration may ensue, with impairment of ... electrocardiogram; GHB = gamma hydroxybutyrate; GTN = glyceryl trinitrate; MDMA = 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine; MI = myocardial infarction. methylenedioxymethamphetamine (‘ecstasy’). Lancet...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... injury profile [23,24]. Bedside toxicology and chemical agent monitors should be available in the ICU setting to screen for the possibility of exposure. The extent of our normal daily emergency ... flexibility of all members of staff, were also major contributory factors. The ability to provide best-practice care without compromise probably contributed to our low mor- tality. The long...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 10:20

... cause of Author and of age of of ICU stay Number sleep year published Method patients patients ICU type (days) Main noise sources ventilated disruption? Hilton, 1976 [24] Polysomnography + continuous ... selection of guidelines of behaviour modification: they must be easy to implement and they must not diminish the safety of the patients. Both noise and light are often the prima...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:23