Báo cáo y học: "Science review: Cell membrane expression (connectivity) regulates neutrophil delivery, function and clearance" docx

... Sox9 staining patterns were mainly nuclear in normal cartilage (Figure 2), but Sox9 staining in OA clusters was present in both the cytoplasm and nucleus, or Figure 3 Stem cell markers in human ... (OA) articular cartilageStem cell markers in human osteoarthritis (OA) articular cartilage. (a) Safranin O and Notch-1 staining in clusters (10ì and 40ì). (b) Sa...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:21

... activating protease in these models of inflammation. Role of coreceptors in protease- activated receptor signaling by coagulation proteases Although originally identified as the prototypical thrombin receptor, ... increas- ing preclinical and clinical evidence that proteases of the coagulation system affect the inflammatory response, inde- pendent of their role in ini...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... of the innate immune system, including the macrophage and the dendritic cell, are also active phagocytes, and are quite capable of Review Science review: Key inflammatory and stress pathways in ... occur in the setting of infection, and it is possible that the primary genetic lesions in autoimmunity involve components of the same system that induc...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... lung Review Science review: Mechanisms of ventilator-induced injury James A Frank 1 and Michael A Matthay 2 1 Assistent Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, ... potentially magnifying the severity of lung injury. Despite the demonstrated benefits of tidal volume reduction, the mechanisms of the protective effe...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... to increasing intracellular stores of GSSG, a potent inhibitor of NF-κB transcription factor DNA binding. The pathway leading to the formation of GSH by the action of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase ... lungs before any increase in proinflammatory cytokine protein occurs, and they further suggest that NF-κB activation may represent an initial event in the proinflammatory...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... and inflammatory stimuli, and hypoxemia and the crucial role of hypoxia-inducible factor in mediating lung injury. Changes in the pattern of gene expression through regulatory transcription factors ... overview of the potential signaling pathways involved in cytokine-mediated regulation of hypoxia-induced hypoxia-inducible factor- 1α (HIF- 1α) transloc...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... neutrophil delivery, func- tion, and clearance; and alterations in membrane expression occur with changes in cell function. The neutrophil membrane mediates neutrophil delivery, including neutrophil endothelial cell ... inter- connected pathways marked by redundancy and synergy, is mediated by intracellular pathways, and is characterized by alteration in surface...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... link apoptosis with the pathogenesis of acute lung injury in humans. The first of these, namely the ‘neutrophilic hypothesis’, suggests that during acute inflammation the cytokines granulocyte ... outcome in acute lung injury. Phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils and release of cytokines by macrophages The third mechanism whereby apoptosis of neutrophils can modify the infl...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:22

... depending on the outcome of interest. Interleukin-1 αα and interleukin-1 ββ IL-1, a potent proinflammatory cytokine released by macrophages, also plays a key role in mediating endotoxin lethality ... proinflammatory cytokines, and anti-inflamma- tory cytokines (Table 1). The outcome of an inflammatory response is dictated by a variety of factors, including the pathogenicity and dura...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:22

... homology exists between the V 3 R and the V 1 R [59]. The oxytocin receptor The OTR can be considered a ‘nonselective’ vasopressin receptor. The OTR has equal affinity for vasopressin and oxy- tocin, ... located on chromosome 12 and maps to region 12 q14 -15 [44]. Functionally, the V 1 R activates G- proteins of the G q /11 family. The α-subunits regulate...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:22

... nitric oxide (NO); and potentiation of adrenergic Review Science Review: Vasopressin and the cardiovascular system part 2 – clinical physiology Cheryl L Holmes 1 , Donald W Landry 2 and John T Granton 3 1 Staff ... of others. Vasopressin and the heart The actions of vasopressin on the heart are complex and the studies are seemingly contradictory. De...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:22

... Brain Res 2002, 952:128. 41. Aguilera A, Selgas R, Ruiz-Caravaca ML, Bajo MA, Cuesta MV, Plaza MA, Hernanz A: Effects of recombinant human erythro- poietin on functional and injury endothelial ... of apoptosis occur for days after a mechanical injury has been sustained [36]. Notably, rhEPO administered even 24 hours after injury is very effective in ameliorating injury (Fig. 1). In...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20

... review: Extracellular acidosis and the immune response: clinical and physiologic implications John A Kellum 1 , Mingchen Song 2 and Jinyou Li 3 1 Associate Professor, Critical Care Medicine and ... understanding of the relationship between pH o and the synthesis and release of inflammatory molecules. Investigators continue to seek means to modulate the inflam...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20

... Grigoryev et al. Table 2 Candidate genes in acute lung injury Gene Ontology PubMatrix terms Encoded protein Gene symbol NR IM CT IN BC Lung Lung injury Interleukin-1 IL1B ì ì ì 1536 287 Interleukin-6 ... of inducible cyclo-oxygenase-2. Upregulation of the cyclo-oxygenase-2 gene is also linked to increased pulmonary microvascular permeability during combined burn and smoke inha...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20

... across the whole organism [17]. Stewart theory and mechanism Finally, the Stewart model is taken by some to be a mechanistic description of acid–base chemistry in which changes only occur by alteration ... seen whether the renovation of acid–base assessment afforded by the Stewart approach constitutes a radical new architecture for understanding acid–base physiology, or w...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20