Báo cáo y học: "Equipment review: Gastric intramucosal pH measurement" pptx

... study the air wasanalyzed by a blood gas analyzer, its use has opened bythe possibility of determining intramucosal PCO2bycapnography.Capnography is the basis of some new systems fornearly ... REVIEWEquipment review: Gastric intramucosal pH measurementFrancisco Baigorri, Xavier Calvet, Domenec Joseph64cc-1-2-061Introduction Gastric tonometry has emerged as an attractive, rela-tively noninvasive ... equilibrium with PCO2in the gastric mucosa. Intramucosal pH (pHim) can be calculated by the Henderson-Hasselbach equation using the PCO2value determined by gastric tonometry and thebicarbonate concentration...

Báo cáo y học: " Equipment review: Continuous assessment of arterial blood gases" potx

... critically ill patients with respiratory fail-ure. They also found a high precision for PaO2,PaCO2and pH. However, only a small fraction of their 487 pairsof data were in the range of extremely ... monitoring: yesterday, today andtomorrow. Crit Care Med 1989, 17:573-581.9. Severinghaus JW, Naifeh KH: Accuracy of response in six pulse oximetersto profound hypoxemia. Anesthesiology 1987, 67:551-558.10. ... theywere inserted. A simple flexion of the hand was enoughto break the device [20].As shown by our experience, the sensor is fragile andeasily damaged during insertion, particularly the oxygencomponent...

Báo cáo y học: " Equipment review: Pulmonary uptake and modes of administration of inhaled nitric oxide in mechanically-ventilated patients" ppt

... the Y piece during the inspiratoryphase [11]. If this fluctuation is measured at differentsites in the inspiratory limb, the peak concentration andits phase in relation to the respiratory cycle ... inspiratory limb ofthe ventilatory circuit. The flow i s constant, varyingbetween 50 and 2000 ml/min. The concentration in thecylinder can vary fr om 225-2000 ppm. Users of this sys-tem hypothesize ... theinspiratory limb. During the inspiratory phase of the fol-lowing respiratory cycle, this ‘bolus’ is ‘flushed’ towardsthe upper airways of the patient without having beenhomogeneously mixed with...

Báo cáo y học: "Equipment review: New techniques for cardiac output measurement – oesophageal Doppler, Fick principle using carbon dioxide, and pulse contour analysis" pot

... pul-monary artery catheter. The difficulties and risks associated withpulmonary artery catheter insertion may account, in part, for thelack of routine cardiac output monitoring in every patient. ... partition of blood betweencephalic (30%) and caudal (70%) territories. Although thismay be valid in healthy, resting persons, the partition may varydepending on haemodynamic conditions, reflex ... ormetabolic activity within different organs. Therefore, theassumed constant ratio between cephalic and caudal territo-ries (7 : 3) may become inaccurate under a variety of patho-physiological conditions...

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Treatment of new-onset atrial fibrillation in medical intensive care patients – a clinical framework"

... contraction, by irregularity of ventricularcontraction [43], by inadequate filling time for the leftventricle due to tachycardia, and by tachycardiomyopathy[8,44]. Tachycardiomyopathy can occur ... U,Tatar H: Supraventricular tachyarrythmia prophylaxis aftercoronary artery surgery in chronic obstructive pulmonarydisease patients (early amiodarone prophylaxis trial). Eur JCardiothorac ... [letter]. Lancet 1978,2:470.46. Bradley D, Creswell LL, Hogue CW, Jr, Epstein AE, PrystowskyEN, Daoud EG: Pharmacologic prophylaxis: American Collegeof Chest Physicians guidelines for the prevention...

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Medication errors in critical care"

... hospital. Am J Health Syst Pharm1997, 54:1591-1595.64. Bond CA, Raehl CL: Clinical pharmacy services, pharmacystaffing, and hospital mortality rates. Pharmacotherapy 2007,27:481-493.65. ... [58],complications by 50% [59], ICU mortality, ICU length of stay,and hospital length of stay and to improve patient safety [60].Pharmacists, similarly, have an important role to play inmedication safety. ... only adverse events. These include greaterevent frequency for quantitative analysis, fewer reportingbarriers partly owing to fewer liability concerns, and anopportunity to study recovery patterns...

Báo cáo y học: "A review of anatomical and mechanical factors affecting vertebral body integrit

... thoracic kyphosis is only moderately correlated with mean vertebral BMD and vertebral height ratios. This suggests that factors other than vertebral density and morphometry may contribute to kyphosis, ... separation. Generally vertebrae are less dense anteriorly and superiorly and more dense posteriorly and inferiorly with heterogeneity between symmetric sites within the vertebral body [2, 3, 25, 56, ... significantly greater in individuals who adopted a kyphotic posture compared to an erect spinal posture, suggesting a significant increase in muscle tension with kyphosis. It is likely that as kyphosis...

Báo cáo y học: "A review of anabolic therapies for osteoporosis" ppt

... physiologyand pathophysiology. In Osteoporosis. 2nd edition. Edited byMarcus R, Feldman D, Kelsey J. San Francisco, CA: AcademicPress; 2001:3-19.2. Black DM, Cummings SR, Karpf DB, Cauley ... at 40 µg per day withHRT in postmenopausal women for 2 years [25]. After2 years, the BMD of the lumbar spine as measured bydual-energy x-ray absorptiometry increased by nearly 30%and that ... hormonereplacement therapy (HRT), since bisphosphonates werenot yet available. Current combination studies are evaluat-ing bisphosphonate treatment together with or after PTHtherapy [5].Lindsay and colleagues...

Báo cáo y học: "Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials and cohort studies of mycophenolate mofetil in lupus nephritis" pdf

... intravenous cyclophosphamide versus mycophe-nolate mofetil in the induction therapy of proliferative lupusnephritis. Nephrology (Carlton) 2005, 10:504-510.44. Ginzler EM, Dooley MA, Aranow C, Kim MY, ... inhibits ino-sine monophosphate dehydrogenase in the de novo purinesynthesis pathway. This enzyme facilitates the conversion ofinosine monophosphate to xanthine monophosphate, an inter-mediate ... response to oral mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or intravenous or oral cyclophosphamide (C)Complete plus partial response to oral mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or intravenous or oral cyclophosphamide (C)....

Báo cáo y học: " A review of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and therapeutic strategies." doc

... 78% (1-year)62% (5-year)75Aigner et al 36 19 72% (1-year)61% (5-year)76Osaki et al 44 12* 67% (1-year)67% (2-year)44% (5-year)77*1 patient underwent retransplantation twiceHayes Journal ... first five years of transplantation [4,9-11].DiagnosisThe diagnosis of BOS is typically made by clinical,physiological, and radiographic parameters. Due to thesporadic or patchy involvement ... impact on pulmon-ary function in an open label study [63].Azithromycin therapyAzithromycin displays immunomodulatory effects thatseem to be beneficial in several pulmonary disorders,including...

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