Understanding Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics - Springer 2008 Episode 4 ppt
Understanding Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics - Springer 2008 Episode 4 ppt
... by
w = L
11
A + L
12
∆µ, (4. 41)
J = L
21
A + L
22
∆µ, (4. 42)
with L
12
= L
21
according to Onsager’s reciprocal relations. The coefficient
L
21
in (4. 42) is responsible for the coupling ... k
−1
(˜c
B
)
eq
,k
2
(˜c
B
)
eq
= k
−1
(˜c
C
)
eq
,k
3
(˜c
C
)
eq
= k
−3
(˜c
A
)
eq
.
(4. 1.6)
Using (4. 1.6) to eliminate k
−1
, k
−2
,andk
−3
in (4. 1 .4) and (4. 1.5), one
obtains
w
1
−...
Understanding Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics - Springer 2008 Episode 7 ppt
... equation
(7 .4) , one is led to
α
1
= τ/λT. (7.23)
Box 7.3 Non-Equilibrium Temperature vs. Local Equilibrium
Temperature
In analogy with the classical theory, we define the non-equilibrium temper-
ature ... the
Chapter 7
Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics of Fluxes: Memory
and Non-Local Effects
With this chapter, we begin a panoramic overview of non-equilibrium ther-
mo...
Understanding Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics - Springer 2008 Episode 9 pptx
... to be the
first non-equilibrium formalism to get rid of the local equilibrium hypoth-
esis and to go beyond the linear regime to which is restricted the classical
theory of non-equilibrium processes. ... (9. 64)
240 9 Rational Thermodynamics
the entropy flux, see extended irreversible thermodynamics (Chap. 7). After
elimination of r between the energy balance equation (9.1c) and inequ...
Understanding Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics - Springer 2008 Episode 2 pps
... and tools from equilibrium thermodynamics
but transposed at a local scale because non-equilibrium states are usually in-
homogeneous. The objective is to cope with non-equilibrium situations where
basic ... ≡ T as independent vari-
able, the corresponding Legendre transform is, according to (1 .4. 3),
34 1 Equilibrium Thermodynamics: A Review
1.8 Final Comments
Equilibrium thermodyn...
Understanding Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics - Springer 2008 Episode 3 pdf
... of
variational principles in non-equilibrium thermodynamics.
2.5.1 Minimum Entropy Production Principle
Consider a non-equilibrium process, for instance heat conduction or thermod-
iffusion taking place ... and sufficient condi-
tions for σ
s
≥ 0 are that the determinant |L
αβ
+ L
βα
| and all its principal
minors are non-negative. It follows that
L
αα
≥ 0, (2. 24)
while the cross-coefficie...
Understanding Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics - Springer 2008 Episode 6 potx
... dimensionless characteristic number R so that
144 6 Instabilities and Pattern Formation
the Sun activity, the large-scale circulations observed in the oceans, the at-
mosphere, etc. As a prototype of thermal ... Under terrestrial conditions, Ma/Ra =4
for a layer with a thickness d =1mmandMa/Ra =4 10
4
for d =10cm.
Under microgravity conditions (g ≈ 0), Ma/Ra =10
4
for d = 1 mm.
As an il...
Understanding Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics - Springer 2008 Episode 8 pot
... 2.00 4. 00 7.00
(c
0
/v
p
)
(Fourier–Newton–Stokes)
0 .40 0.26 0.19 0.13 0.10 0.07
(c
0
/v
p
)
(Maxwell–Cattaneo)
0.52 0 .43 0 .44 0 .47 0 .48 0 .49
(c
0
/v
p
)
(experimental)
0.51 0 .46 0.50 0 .46 0 .46 ... (respectively, l)appears
in (8 .41 ) and (8 .42 ) (respectively, in (8 .43 ) and (8 .44 )) because of Onsager’s
reciprocal property, the change of sign in front of l in (8 .43 ) and (8...
Understanding Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics - Springer 2008 Episode 11 pps
... thermodynamics,
37, 44 , 58, 63, 65, 72, 99, 179,
198, 203, 216, 220, 233, 241 , 276,
292–2 94, 3 04
Clausius’ inequality, 12, 292
Clausius–Duhem’s inequality, 220, 2 34,
238, 239, 241 , 243 , 244 , 246 , 248 ,
249 , 251, ... 3 04
instabilities, 44 , 135, 136, 145 , 158, 162,
170, 173, 212, 279
intensive variables, 4, 15, 16, 19, 24, 41 ,
46 , 52, 65, 80, 290, 292
internal energy,...
Tài liệu Các mở rộng của Group Policy trong Windows Vista và Windows Server 2008 (Phần 4) pptx
... Các mở rộng của Group Policy trong Windows Vista và Windows
Server 2008 (Phần 4)
chỉ cho phép các ứng dụng sử dụng thuộc tính UIAccess=true nếu chúng
được đặt trong ... vị trí rất an toàn. Các vị trí đó gồm có \Program Files and
\Windows\System32, các phiên bản 64 bit của Windows cũng xử lý thư mục
\Program Files (x86) một cách an toàn. Các thư mục con bên ... quan đến các thiết lậ...